1,简介
mpstat是Multiprocessor Statistics的缩写，是实时系统监控工具。其报告是CPU的一些统计信息，这些信息存放在/proc/stat文件中。在多CPUs系统里，其不但能查看所有CPU的平均状况信息，而且能够查看特定CPU的信息。mpstat最大的特点是：可以查看多核心cpu中每个计算核心的统计数据；而类似工具vmstat只能查看系统整体cpu情况。
2，安装
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[root@ora10g ~]# mpstat
-bash: mpstat: command not found
[root@ora10g ~]# mount -o loop -t iso9660 /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom
[root@ora10g ~]# cd /mnt/cdrom/Server/
[root@ora10g Server]# rpm -ivh sysstat-7.0.2-3.el5.i386.rpm
warning: sysstat-7.0.2-3.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 37017186
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:sysstat ########################################### [100%]
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3，实例
用法
mpstat -V 显示mpstat版本信息
mpstat -P ALL 显示所有CPU信息
mpstat -P n 显示第n个cup信息，n为数字，计数从0开始
mpstat n m 每个n秒显示一次cpu信息，连续显示m次，最后显示一个平均值
mpstat n 每个n秒显示一次cpu信息，连续显示下去
查看每个cpu核心的详细当前运行状况信息，输出如下：
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[root@ora10g ~]# mpstat -P ALL
Linux 2.6.18-194.el5 (ora10g.up.com) 11/05/14
09:13:02 CPU %user %nice %sys %iowait %irq %soft %steal %idle intr/s
09:13:02 all 0.62 0.01 0.54 3.48 0.00 0.02 0.00 95.32 1039.58
09:13:02 0 0.92 0.01 1.18 8.77 0.01 0.05 0.00 89.06 1030.23
09:13:02 1 0.27 0.00 0.31 1.46 0.00 0.01 0.00 97.96 1.00
....
09:13:02 14 1.12 0.02 0.45 2.99 0.00 0.01 0.00 95.39 7.74
09:13:02 15 0.18 0.00 0.22 0.70 0.00 0.01 0.00 98.90 0.59
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查看多核CPU核心的当前运行状况信息， 每2秒更新一次
[root@ora10g ~]# mpstat -P ALL 2
查看某个cpu的使用情况，数值在[0,cpu个数-1]中取值
[root@ora10g ~]# mpstat -P 2
Linux 2.6.18-194.el5 (ora10g.up.com) 11/05/14
10:19:28 CPU %user %nice %sys %iowait %irq %soft %steal %idle intr/s
10:19:28 2 0.08 0.00 0.04 0.22 0.00 0.01 0.00 99.64 0.55
查看多核CPU核心的当前运行状况信息， 每2秒更新一次，显示5次
[root@ora10g ~]# mpstat -P ALL 2 5
4,字段含义如下
英文解释：
CPU：Processor number. The keyword all indicates that statistics are calculated as averages among all processors.
%user：Show the percentage of CPU utilization that occurred while executing at the user level (application).
%nice：Show the percentage of CPU utilization that occurred while executing at the user level with nice priority.
%sys：Show the percentage of CPU utilization that occurred while executing at the system level (kernel). Note that
this does not include time spent servicing interrupts or softirqs.
%iowait：Show the percentage of time that the CPU or CPUs were idle during which the system had an outstanding disk I/O request.
%irq：Show the percentage of time spent by the CPU or CPUs to service interrupts.
%soft：Show the percentage of time spent by the CPU or CPUs to service softirqs. A softirq (software interrupt) is
one of up to 32 enumerated software interrupts which can run on multiple CPUs at once.
%steal：Show the percentage of time spent in involuntary wait by the virtual CPU or CPUs while the hypervisor was ser-vicing another virtual processor.
%idle：Show the percentage of time that the CPU or CPUs were idle and the system did not have an outstanding disk I/O request.
intr/s：Show the total number of interrupts received per second by the CPU or CPUs.
参数解释 从/proc/stat获得数据
CPU 处理器 ID
user 在internal时间段里，用户态的CPU时间（%），不包含 nice值为负 进程 (usr/total)*100
nice 在internal时间段里，nice值为负进程的CPU时间（%） (nice/total)*100
system 在internal时间段里，核心时间（%） (system/total)*100
iowait 在internal时间段里，硬盘IO等待时间（%） (iowait/total)*100
irq 在internal时间段里，硬中断时间（%） (irq/total)*100
soft 在internal时间段里，软中断时间（%） (softirq/total)*100
idle 在internal时间段里，CPU除去等待磁盘IO操作外的因为任何原因而空闲的时间闲置时间（%）(idle/total)*100
intr/s 在internal时间段里，每秒CPU接收的中断的次数intr/total)*100
CPU总的工作时间=total_cur=user+system+nice+idle+iowait+irq+softirq
total_pre=pre_user+ pre_system+ pre_nice+ pre_idle+ pre_iowait+ pre_irq+ pre_softirq
user=user_cur – user_pre
total=total_cur-total_pre
其中_cur 表示当前值，_pre表示interval时间前的值。上表中的所有值可取到两位小数点。
最新内容请见作者的GitHub页：http://qaseven.github.io/
