步骤
- 使用properties创建一个Session对象
- 使用Session创建Message对象，然后设置邮件主题和正文，如果需要发送附件，就需要用到Multipart对象
- 使用Transport对象发送邮件
实例
代码已托管到 https://github.com/yangshangwei/commonUtils
依赖包
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.sun.mail/javax.mail --> <dependency> <groupId>com.sun.mail</groupId> <artifactId>javax.mail</artifactId> <version>${javax.mail.version}</version> </dependency>
不带有附件的邮件
工具类一
package com.artisan.commonUtils.mail; import java.util.Properties; import javax.mail.Address; import javax.mail.Message; import javax.mail.MessagingException; import javax.mail.Session; import javax.mail.Transport; import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress; import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage; import com.sun.mail.util.MailSSLSocketFactory; /** * * @ClassName: SendEmailUtil * @Description: 发送邮件工具类 * @author: Mr.Yang * @date: 2017年8月28日 下午4:50:35 */ public class SendEmailUtil { /** * * * @Title: sendEmail * * @Description: 发送邮件工具类方法 * * @param sendEmail * 发件人地址 * @param sendEmailPwd * 授权码代替密码（更安全） 授权码的获取：进入个人邮箱，点击设置–>账户， SMTP服务选项 默认情况下这个选项是不开启的。 * 点击开启腾讯会进行身份验证，身份验证通过以后，会收到一个用于使用SMTP的16位口令， * 验证身份的过程中把收到的口令保存下来，因为后面要使用SMTP功能必须要用到这个口令。 * @param title * 邮件标题 * @param content * 邮件内容 * @param toEmilAddress * 收件人地址 * @throws Exception * * @return: void */ public static void sendEmail(String sendEmail, String sendEmailPwd, String title, String content, String[] toEmilAddress) throws Exception { Properties props = new Properties(); // 开启debug调试，以便在控制台查看 props.setProperty("mail.debug", "true"); // 设置邮件服务器主机名 props.setProperty("mail.host", "smtp.qq.com"); // 发送服务器需要身份验证 props.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth", "true"); // 发送邮件协议名称 props.setProperty("mail.transport.protocol", "smtp"); // 开启SSL加密，否则会失败 MailSSLSocketFactory sf = new MailSSLSocketFactory(); sf.setTrustAllHosts(true); props.put("mail.smtp.ssl.enable", "true"); props.put("mail.smtp.ssl.socketFactory", sf); Session session = Session.getInstance(props); Message msg = new MimeMessage(session); // 发送的邮箱地址 msg.setFrom(new InternetAddress(sendEmail)); // 设置标题 msg.setSubject(title); // 设置内容 msg.setContent(content, "text/html;charset=gbk;"); Transport transport = session.getTransport(); // 设置服务器以及账号和密码 // 这里端口改成465 transport.connect("smtp.qq.com", sendEmail, sendEmailPwd); // 发送到的邮箱地址 transport.sendMessage(msg, getAddress(toEmilAddress)); if(transport!=null){ try { transport.close(); } catch (MessagingException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } /** * * @Title: getAddress * @Description: 遍历收件人信息 * @param emilAddress * @return * @throws Exception * @return: Address[] */ private static Address[] getAddress(String[] emilAddress) throws Exception { Address[] address = new Address[emilAddress.length]; for (int i = 0; i < address.length; i++) { address[i] = new InternetAddress(emilAddress[i]); } return address; } /** * * * @Title: main * * @Description: 测试 * * @param args * @throws Exception * * @return: void */ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { /** * * @param sendEmail 发件人地址 * * @param sendEmailPwd * 授权码代替密码（更安全） * @param title * 邮件标题 * @param content * 邮件内容 * @param toEmilAddress * 收件人地址 */ SendEmailUtil.sendEmail("xxxxx@qq.com", "xxxxxxx", "testEmail", "testcontent", new String[] { "xxxxx@gmail.com", "xxxx@qq.com" }); } } /** * 在发邮件过程中有的人会发送不成功，出现如下错误: * javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException: Received fatal alert: handshake_failure * * 这个是jdk导致的，jdk里面有一个jce的包，安全性机制导致的访问https会报错，官网上有替代的jar包，换掉就好了 * * 对应包的下载地址： * http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jce-7-download-432124.html * * 下载好后，直接替换掉本地JDK中的对应的两的包就好了。 * */
测试结果：
工具类二
#smtp server mail.smtp.host=smtp.qq.com #Authentication mail.smtp.auth=true #-------------------------------------------------------------- #Account of sender's mailbox mail.sender.username=xxxxxxx@qq.com #Authorization code of sender's mailbox mail.sender.password=xxxxxxx
package com.artisan.commonUtils.mail; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import java.security.GeneralSecurityException; import java.util.Properties; import javax.mail.Address; import javax.mail.MessagingException; import javax.mail.Session; import javax.mail.Transport; import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress; import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage; import javax.mail.internet.MimeUtility; import com.sun.mail.util.MailSSLSocketFactory; /** * * @ClassName: SendMailUtil2 * @Description: 发送邮件工具类 * @author: Mr.Yang * @date: 2017年8月28日 下午4:50:17 */ public class SendMailUtil2 { /** * Message对象将存储我们实际发送的电子邮件信息， * Message对象被作为一个MimeMessage对象来创建并且需要知道应当选择哪一个JavaMail session。 */ private MimeMessage message; /** * Session类代表JavaMail中的一个邮件会话。 * 每一个基于JavaMail的应用程序至少有一个Session（可以有任意多的Session）。 * * JavaMail需要Properties来创建一个session对象。 * 寻找"mail.smtp.host" 属性值就是发送邮件的主机 * 寻找"mail.smtp.auth" 身份验证，目前免费邮件服务器都需要这一项 */ private Session session; /*** * 邮件是既可以被发送也可以被受到。JavaMail使用了两个不同的类来完成这两个功能：Transport 和 Store。 * Transport 是用来发送信息的，而Store用来收信。这里我们只需要用到Transport对象。 */ private Transport transport; private String mailHost=""; private String sender_username=""; private String sender_password=""; private Properties properties = new Properties(); /* * 初始化方法 */ public SendMailUtil2(boolean debug) { InputStream in = SendMailUtil2.class.getResourceAsStream("SMTPMailServer.properties"); try { properties.load(in); this.mailHost = properties.getProperty("mail.smtp.host"); this.sender_username = properties.getProperty("mail.sender.username"); this.sender_password = properties.getProperty("mail.sender.password"); // 开启SSL加密，否则会失败 MailSSLSocketFactory sf = new MailSSLSocketFactory(); sf.setTrustAllHosts(true); properties.put("mail.smtp.ssl.enable", "true"); properties.put("mail.smtp.ssl.socketFactory", sf); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (GeneralSecurityException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } session = Session.getInstance(properties); session.setDebug(debug);//开启后有调试信息 message = new MimeMessage(session); } /** * 发送邮件 * * @param subject * 邮件主题 * @param sendHtml * 邮件内容 * @param receiveUser * 收件人地址 */ public void doSendHtmlEmail(String subject, String emailContent, String[] toEmailAddress) { try { // 发件人 //InternetAddress from = new InternetAddress(sender_username); // 下面这个是设置发送人的Nick name InternetAddress from = new InternetAddress(MimeUtility.encodeWord("小工匠")+" <"+sender_username+">"); message.setFrom(from); // 邮件主题 message.setSubject(subject); // 邮件内容,也可以使纯文本"text/plain" message.setContent(emailContent, "text/html;charset=UTF-8"); // 保存邮件 message.saveChanges(); transport = session.getTransport("smtp"); // smtp验证 用户名和授权码 transport.connect(mailHost, sender_username, sender_password); // 发送 transport.sendMessage(message, getAddress(toEmailAddress)); System.out.println("send email successfully "); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); }finally { if(transport!=null){ try { transport.close(); } catch (MessagingException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } } /** * * @Title: getAddress * @Description: 遍历收件人信息 * @param emilAddress * @return * @throws Exception * @return: Address[] */ private static Address[] getAddress(String[] emilAddress) throws Exception { Address[] address = new Address[emilAddress.length]; for (int i = 0; i < address.length; i++) { address[i] = new InternetAddress(emilAddress[i]); } return address; } public static void main(String[] args) { SendMailUtil2 se = new SendMailUtil2(true);// 开启调试 se.doSendHtmlEmail("1邮件主题", "邮件内容", new String[]{"xxxxx@gmail.com","xxxxxxxx@qq.com"}); } }
测试结果：
带有附件的邮件
#smtp server mail.smtp.host=smtp.qq.com #Authentication mail.smtp.auth=true #-------------------------------------------------------------- #Account of sender's mailbox mail.sender.username=xxxxxxx@qq.com #Authorization code of sender's mailbox mail.sender.password=xxxxxxx
package com.artisan.commonUtils.mail; import java.io.File; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import java.security.GeneralSecurityException; import java.util.Properties; import javax.activation.DataHandler; import javax.activation.DataSource; import javax.activation.FileDataSource; import javax.mail.Address; import javax.mail.BodyPart; import javax.mail.MessagingException; import javax.mail.Multipart; import javax.mail.Session; import javax.mail.Transport; import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress; import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart; import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage; import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart; import javax.mail.internet.MimeUtility; import com.sun.mail.util.MailSSLSocketFactory; /** * * @ClassName: SendEmailWithAttachment * @Description: Email发送附件 [如果需要发送附件，就需要用到Multipart对象] * @author: Mr.Yang * @date: 2017年8月28日 下午4:49:35 */ public class SendEmailWithAttachment { private MimeMessage message; private Session session; private Transport transport; private String mailHost = ""; private String sender_username = ""; private String sender_password = ""; private Properties properties = new Properties(); /* * 初始化方法 */ public SendEmailWithAttachment(boolean debug) { InputStream in = SendEmailWithAttachment.class.getResourceAsStream("SMTPMailServer.properties"); try { properties.load(in); this.mailHost = properties.getProperty("mail.smtp.host"); this.sender_username = properties.getProperty("mail.sender.username"); this.sender_password = properties.getProperty("mail.sender.password"); // 开启SSL加密，否则会失败 MailSSLSocketFactory sf = new MailSSLSocketFactory(); sf.setTrustAllHosts(true); properties.put("mail.smtp.ssl.enable", "true"); properties.put("mail.smtp.ssl.socketFactory", sf); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (GeneralSecurityException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } session = Session.getInstance(properties); session.setDebug(debug);// 开启后有调试信息 message = new MimeMessage(session); } /** * 发送邮件 * * @param subject * 邮件主题 * @param sendHtml * 邮件内容 * @param receiveUser * 收件人地址 * @param attachment * 附件 */ public void doSendHtmlEmail(String subject, String sendHtml, String[] receiveUsers, File attachment) { try { // 发件人 InternetAddress from = new InternetAddress(sender_username); message.setFrom(from); // 邮件主题 message.setSubject(subject); // 向multipart对象中添加邮件的各个部分内容，包括文本内容和附件 Multipart multipart = new MimeMultipart(); // 添加邮件正文 BodyPart contentPart = new MimeBodyPart(); contentPart.setContent(sendHtml, "text/html;charset=UTF-8"); multipart.addBodyPart(contentPart); // 添加附件的内容 if (attachment != null) { BodyPart attachmentBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart(); DataSource source = new FileDataSource(attachment); attachmentBodyPart.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(source)); // 网上流传的解决文件名乱码的方法，其实用MimeUtility.encodeWord就可以很方便的搞定 // 这里很重要，通过下面的Base64编码的转换可以保证你的中文附件标题名在发送时不会变成乱码 //sun.misc.BASE64Encoder enc = new sun.misc.BASE64Encoder(); //messageBodyPart.setFileName("=?GBK?B?" + enc.encode(attachment.getName().getBytes()) + "?="); //MimeUtility.encodeWord可以避免文件名乱码 attachmentBodyPart.setFileName(MimeUtility.encodeWord(attachment.getName())); multipart.addBodyPart(attachmentBodyPart); } // 将multipart对象放到message中 message.setContent(multipart); // 保存邮件 message.saveChanges(); transport = session.getTransport("smtp"); // smtp验证 transport.connect(mailHost, sender_username, sender_password); // 发送 transport.sendMessage(message, getAddress(receiveUsers)); System.out.println("send success!"); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { if (transport != null) { try { transport.close(); } catch (MessagingException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } } /** * @Title: getAddress * @Description: 遍历收件人信息 * @param emilAddress * @return * @throws Exception * @return: Address[] */ private static Address[] getAddress(String[] emilAddress) throws Exception { Address[] address = new Address[emilAddress.length]; for (int i = 0; i < address.length; i++) { address[i] = new InternetAddress(emilAddress[i]); } return address; } public static void main(String[] args) { SendEmailWithAttachment se = new SendEmailWithAttachment(true); File attached = new File("D:\\workspace\\ws-java-base\\commonUtils\\pom.xml"); se.doSendHtmlEmail("邮件主题带有附件", "邮件内容", new String[]{"yswcomeon@gmail.com"}, attached); } }
测试结果：
