Drupal 7.28, Nginx 1.6, PostgreSQL 9.3.4, PHP 5.4, fpm install on CentOS 6.x x64-阿里云开发者社区

安装Drupal的系统需求, 需要web server, database, php.

https://www.drupal.org/requirements

本文以Drupal 7.28, Nginx 1.6, PostgrSQL 9.3.4, PHP 5.4为例写一下Drupal的部署.

不涉及任何优化, 例如使用fpm, 用unix sock连接效率会更高.

安装参考

https://www.drupal.org/documentation/install

一. nginx 安装, 本文选择使用rpm安装 :

首先要把nginx的源添加进来.

# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo
[nginx]
name=nginx repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/6/$basearch/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1

使用yum安装nginx

# yum install -y nginx
Dependencies Resolved

====================================================================================================================================
 Package                     Arch                         Version                                 Repository                   Size
====================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 nginx                       x86_64                       1.6.0-1.el6.ngx                         nginx                       335 k
Transaction Summary
====================================================================================================================================
Install       1 Package(s)

# rpm -ql nginx
/etc/logrotate.d/nginx
/etc/nginx
/etc/nginx/conf.d
/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
/etc/nginx/conf.d/example_ssl.conf
/etc/nginx/fastcgi_params
/etc/nginx/koi-utf
/etc/nginx/koi-win
/etc/nginx/mime.types
/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
/etc/nginx/scgi_params
/etc/nginx/uwsgi_params
/etc/nginx/win-utf
/etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx
/etc/sysconfig/nginx
/usr/sbin/nginx
/usr/share/nginx
/usr/share/nginx/html
/usr/share/nginx/html/50x.html
/usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
/var/cache/nginx
/var/log/nginx

# id nginx
uid=494(nginx) gid=490(nginx) groups=490(nginx)

配置nginx, 可参考.

http://www.howtoforge.com/installing-nginx-with-php5-and-php-fpm-and-mysql-support-lemp-on-ubuntu-12.04-lts

http://wiki.nginx.org/NginxFullExample

http://wiki.nginx.org/NginxFullExample2

# vi /etc/nginx/nginx.conf 

user  nginx;
worker_processes  4;

error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;
pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;

events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}

http {
    include       /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    keepalive_timeout  2;

    #gzip  on;

    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}

# vi /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf 
server {
    listen       80;
    server_name  _;

    #charset koi8-r;
    #access_log  /var/log/nginx/log/host.access.log  main;

    location / {
        root   /opt/site/drupal;  # drupal下载后重命名到这里.
        index  index.php index.html index.htm;
        error_page 404 = @drupal;
    }

    location @drupal {
        rewrite ^(.*)$ /index.php?q=$1 last;
    }

    #error_page  404              /404.html;

    # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
    #
    error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
    }

    # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
    #
    #location ~ \.php$ {
    #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
    #}

    # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
    #
    #location ~ \.php$ {
    #    root           html;
    #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
    #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
    #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
    #    include        fastcgi_params;
    #}
        location ~ \.php$ {
                root /opt/site/drupal;
                include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params;
                fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;   # php-fpm的监听
                fastcgi_index  index.php;
                fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;   
        }

    # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
    # concurs with nginx's one
    #
    #location ~ /\.ht {
    #    deny  all;
    #}
}

# service nginx start
Starting nginx: [  OK  ]
# netstat -anp|grep nginx
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80                  0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      10382/nginx

测试nginx服务是否正常 :

Drupal 7.28, Nginx 1.6, PostgreSQL 9.3.4, PHP 5.4, fpm install on CentOS 6.x x64 - 德哥@Digoal - PostgreSQL research

二. PostgreSQL的安装和配置, 简单的写一下, 使用9.3.4的源码安装. (假设服务器内存96G).

1. Linux 内核参数

vi /etc/sysctl.conf
# add by digoal.zhou
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 50100 64128000 50100 1280
fs.file-max = 7672460
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65000
net.core.rmem_default = 1048576
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 4096
net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 10000
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0
vm.overcommit_memory = 0
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 60
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_intvl = 10

vi /etc/security/limits.conf
# add by digoal.zhou
* soft    nofile  131072
* hard    nofile  131072
* soft    nproc   131072
* hard    nproc   131072
* soft    core    unlimited
* hard    core    unlimited
* soft    memlock 50000000
* hard    memlock 50000000

vi /etc/security/limits.d/90-nproc.conf
# 注释所有并添加
* soft    nproc   131072
* hard    nproc   131072

生效
sysctl -p

2. PostgreSQL 9.3.4 编译项

./configure '--with-perl' '--with-tcl' '--with-python' '--with-openssl' '--with-pam' '--with-ldap' '--with-libxml' '--with-libxslt' '--enable-thread-safety' '--with-blocksize=32'
gmake world
gmake install-world

3. PostgreSQL 参数

vi postgresql.conf
listen_addresses = '0.0.0.0'            # what IP address(es) to listen on;
port = 5432  # (change requires restart)
max_connections = 2000                  # (change requires restart)
superuser_reserved_connections = 13     # (change requires restart)
unix_socket_directories = '.'   # comma-separated list of directories
unix_socket_permissions = 0700          # begin with 0 to use octal notation
password_encryption = on
tcp_keepalives_idle = 60                # TCP_KEEPIDLE, in seconds;
tcp_keepalives_interval = 10            # TCP_KEEPINTVL, in seconds;
tcp_keepalives_count = 10               # TCP_KEEPCNT;
shared_buffers = 2048MB                 # min 128kB
work_mem = 1024MB                               # min 64kB
maintenance_work_mem = 1024MB           # min 1MB
shared_preload_libraries = 'pg_stat_statements'         # (change requires restart)
vacuum_cost_delay = 10                  # 0-100 milliseconds
vacuum_cost_limit = 10000               # 1-10000 credits
bgwriter_delay = 10ms                   # 10-10000ms between rounds
wal_level = hot_standby                 # minimal, archive, or hot_standby
synchronous_commit = off                # synchronization level;
wal_buffers = 16384kB                   # min 32kB, -1 sets based on shared_buffers
wal_writer_delay = 10ms         # 1-10000 milliseconds
checkpoint_segments = 128               # in logfile segments, min 1, 16MB each
archive_mode = on               # allows archiving to be done
archive_command = '/bin/date'           # command to use to archive a logfile segment
max_wal_senders = 32            # max number of walsender processes
wal_keep_segments = 512         # in logfile segments, 16MB each; 0 disables
hot_standby = on                        # "on" allows queries during recovery
max_standby_archive_delay = 300s        # max delay before canceling queries
max_standby_streaming_delay = 300s      # max delay before canceling queries
wal_receiver_status_interval = 1s       # send replies at least this often
hot_standby_feedback = on               # send info from standby to prevent
effective_cache_size = 96000MB
log_destination = 'csvlog'              # Valid values are combinations of
logging_collector = on          # Enable capturing of stderr and csvlog
log_directory = 'pg_log'                # directory where log files are written,
log_filename = 'postgresql-%Y-%m-%d_%H%M%S.log' # log file name pattern,
log_file_mode = 0600                    # creation mode for log files,
log_truncate_on_rotation = on           # If on, an existing log file with the
log_rotation_age = 1d                   # Automatic rotation of logfiles will
log_rotation_size = 10MB                # Automatic rotation of logfiles will
log_min_duration_statement = 1s # -1 is disabled, 0 logs all statements
log_checkpoints = on
log_connections = on
log_disconnections = on
log_error_verbosity = verbose           # terse, default, or verbose messages
log_statement = 'ddl'                   # none, ddl, mod, all
log_timezone = 'PRC'
track_activity_query_size = 4096        # (change requires restart)
autovacuum = on                 # Enable autovacuum subprocess?  'on'
log_autovacuum_min_duration = 0 # -1 disables, 0 logs all actions and
datestyle = 'iso, mdy'
timezone = 'PRC'
lc_messages = 'C'                       # locale for system error message
lc_monetary = 'C'                       # locale for monetary formatting
lc_numeric = 'C'                        # locale for number formatting
lc_time = 'C'                           # locale for time formatting
default_text_search_config = 'pg_catalog.english'
pg_stat_statements.max = 1000
pg_stat_statements.track = all
pg_stat_statements.save = on
其他的全部注释掉.

pg_hba.conf
host all all 0.0.0.0/0 md5

生效
重启数据库

4. 存储

pg_xlog, 活跃表, 索引等分开到不同的块设备(底层也分开)存储.

5. 活跃表优化

下载这个插件安装

http://git.postgresql.org/gitweb/?p=pgfincore.git;a=summary
mv pgfincore $PGSRC/contrib
export PATH=$PGHOME/bin:$PATH
确保pg_config命令在当前路径
cd $PGSRC/contrib/pgfincore
make clean
make && make install

psql dbname superuser
create extension pgfincore;
select * from pgfadvise_willneed('$sechema.活跃表'::regclass);
select * from pgfadvise_willneed('$sechema.活跃索引'::regclass);

6. 请求跟踪, SQL优化

psql postgres postgres
create extension pg_stat_statements;
select pg_stat_statements_reset();
执行应用压力测试.
完了后查询CPU耗时排前5的SQL.
select query,calls,total_time,total_time/calls from pg_stat_statements order by 3 desc limit 5 offset 0;

这些SQL 的执行计划

explain $SQL;

看看有没有优化空间.

三. 安装PHP

yum install -y php php-xml php-fpm php-pgsql php-pdo php-common php-cli php-intl php-gd 
# rpm -qa|grep php
php-pdo-5.4.30-1.el6.remi.x86_64
php-common-5.4.30-1.el6.remi.x86_64
php-5.4.30-1.el6.remi.x86_64
php-cli-5.4.30-1.el6.remi.x86_64
php-intl-5.4.30-1.el6.remi.x86_64
php-pgsql-5.4.30-1.el6.remi.x86_64
php-xml-5.4.30-1.el6.remi.x86_64
php-fpm-5.4.30-1.el6.remi.x86_64 

# php -v
PHP 5.4.30 (cli) (built: Jun 25 2014 15:27:51) 
Copyright (c) 1997-2014 The PHP Group
Zend Engine v2.4.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2014 Zend Technologies

启动php-fpm服务, 默认监听9000端口.php配置变更的话, 需要重启这个服务来生效.
[root@db-172-16-3-150 drupal]# service php-fpm start
Starting php-fpm: [  OK  ]
[root@db-172-16-3-150 drupal]# netstat -anp|grep 9000
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:9000              0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      14159/php-fpm

配置php, 参见 :

https://www.drupal.org/requirements/php

vi /etc/php.ini
Recommended PHP configuration settings
Setting: session.cache_limiter = nocache

Setting: session.auto_start = 0

Setting: expose_php = off
Reason: Shows current PHP version in all header requests, security disclosure, see here
Example: X-Powered-By: PHP/5.3.8

Setting: allow_url_fopen = off
Reason: This is a security issue: see here

Setting: magic_quotes_gpc = off
Reason: Forces quotes in variables - This feature has been deprecated as of PHP 5.3.0 and removed as of PHP 5.4.0.

Setting: register_globals = off
Reason: Security issue - having this enabled subjects PHP variables to input from any source:
This feature has been deprecated as of PHP 5.3.0 and removed as of PHP 5.4.0.

Setting: display_errors = Off
Reason: Hides errors output to display (website) we want to send to log file instead.

四. 安装Drupal 7.28

下载drupal

https://www.drupal.org/project/drupal

wget http://ftp.drupal.org/files/projects/drupal-7.28.tar.gz
tar -zxvf drupal-7.28.tar.gz
# ll drupal-7.28
total 252
-rw-r--r--  1 6226 6226  6604 May  8 12:05 authorize.php
-rw-r--r--  1 6226 6226 88691 May  8 12:05 CHANGELOG.txt
-rw-r--r--  1 6226 6226  1481 May  8 12:05 COPYRIGHT.txt
-rw-r--r--  1 6226 6226   720 May  8 12:05 cron.php
drwxr-xr-x  4 6226 6226  4096 May  8 12:05 includes
-rw-r--r--  1 6226 6226   529 May  8 12:05 index.php
-rw-r--r--  1 6226 6226  1717 May  8 12:05 INSTALL.mysql.txt
-rw-r--r--  1 6226 6226  1874 May  8 12:05 INSTALL.pgsql.txt
-rw-r--r--  1 6226 6226   703 May  8 12:05 install.php
-rw-r--r--  1 6226 6226  1298 May  8 12:05 INSTALL.sqlite.txt
-rw-r--r--  1 6226 6226 17995 May  8 12:05 INSTALL.txt
-rwxrwxrwx  1 6226 6226 18092 Nov  1  2013 LICENSE.txt
-rw-r--r--  1 6226 6226  8191 May  8 12:05 MAINTAINERS.txt
drwxr-xr-x  4 6226 6226  4096 May  8 12:05 misc
drwxr-xr-x 42 6226 6226  4096 May  8 12:05 modules
drwxr-xr-x  5 6226 6226  4096 May  8 12:05 profiles
-rw-r--r--  1 6226 6226  5382 May  8 12:05 README.txt
-rw-r--r--  1 6226 6226  1561 May  8 12:05 robots.txt
drwxr-xr-x  2 6226 6226  4096 May  8 12:05 scripts
drwxr-xr-x  4 6226 6226  4096 May  8 12:05 sites
drwxr-xr-x  7 6226 6226  4096 May  8 12:05 themes
-rw-r--r--  1 6226 6226 19986 May  8 12:05 update.php
-rw-r--r--  1 6226 6226  9642 May  8 12:05 UPGRADE.txt
-rw-r--r--  1 6226 6226  2178 May  8 12:05 web.config
-rw-r--r--  1 6226 6226   417 May  8 12:05 xmlrpc.php

创建站点目录, 和nginx配置的root一致.
[root@db-172-16-3-150 ~]# mkdir /opt/site
[root@db-172-16-3-150 ~]# mv /opt/soft_bak/drupal-7.28 /opt/site/drupal
[root@db-172-16-3-150 ~]# chown -R nginx:nginx /opt/site/drupal

安装语言文件至 drupal/profiles/standard/translations/

https://localize.drupal.org/translate/downloads
[root@db-172-16-3-150 drupal]# cd /opt/site/drupal/profiles/standard/translations/
[root@db-172-16-3-150 translations]# ll
total 4
-rw-r--r-- 1 nginx nginx 92 May  8 12:05 README.txt
[root@db-172-16-3-150 translations]# wget http://ftp.drupal.org/files/translations/7.x/drupal/drupal-7.28.zh-hans.po

五. 创建数据库

digoal=# create role drupal nosuperuser login encrypted password 'drupal123';
CREATE ROLE
pg93@db-172-16-3-150-> cd /ssd4/pg93
pg93@db-172-16-3-150-> mkdir tbs_drupal
digoal=# create tablespace tbs_drupal location '/ssd4/pg93/tbs_drupal';
CREATE TABLESPACE
digoal=# create database drupal728 with template template0 encoding 'UTF8' tablespace tbs_drupal;
CREATE DATABASE
digoal=# grant all on tablespace tbs_drupal to drupal;
GRANT
digoal=# grant all on database drupal728 to drupal;
GRANT
digoal=# \c drupal728 drupal
You are now connected to database "drupal728" as user "drupal".
drupal728=> create schema drupal;
CREATE SCHEMA

测试连接 :

pg93@db-172-16-3-150-> psql -h 172.16.3.150 -p 5432 -U drupal drupal728
Password for user drupal: 
psql (9.3.3)
Type "help" for help.
drupal728=> \dn
  List of schemas
  Name  |  Owner   
--------+----------
 drupal | drupal
 public | postgres
(2 rows)

六. 配置drupal.

在浏览器运行install.php脚本前的配置.

[root@db-172-16-3-150 drupal]# cd /opt/site/drupal/
[root@db-172-16-3-150 drupal]# cp sites/default/default.settings.php sites/default/settings.php
[root@db-172-16-3-150 drupal]# chmod a+w sites/default/settings.php 
[root@db-172-16-3-150 drupal]# chmod a+w sites/default

打开一个IE浏览器, 输入WEB SERVER的IP.

说明缺少php的gd模块和mbstring模块.

安装即可

# yum install -y php-gd php-mbstring

查看GD库是否启用, 现在不需要配置在php.ini, 这些配置在/etc/php.d中:

# less /etc/php.ini

;;;;

; Note: packaged extension modules are now loaded via the .ini files

; found in the directory /etc/php.d; these are loaded by default.

;;;;

查看当前加载的配置文件.

# php --ini
Configuration File (php.ini) Path: /etc
Loaded Configuration File:         /etc/php.ini
Scan for additional .ini files in: /etc/php.d
Additional .ini files parsed:      /etc/php.d/curl.ini,
/etc/php.d/dom.ini,
/etc/php.d/fileinfo.ini,
/etc/php.d/gd.ini,
/etc/php.d/intl.ini,
/etc/php.d/json.ini,
/etc/php.d/mbstring.ini,
/etc/php.d/pdo.ini,
/etc/php.d/pdo_pgsql.ini,
/etc/php.d/pdo_sqlite.ini,
/etc/php.d/pgsql.ini,
/etc/php.d/phar.ini,
/etc/php.d/sqlite3.ini,
/etc/php.d/wddx.ini,
/etc/php.d/xmlreader.ini,
/etc/php.d/xmlwriter.ini,
/etc/php.d/xsl.ini,
/etc/php.d/zip.ini
查看是否启用gd和mbstring库
[root@db-172-16-3-150 drupal]# cat /etc/php.d/gd.ini
; Enable gd extension module
extension=gd.so
[root@db-172-16-3-150 drupal]# cat /etc/php.d/mbstring.ini 
; Enable mbstring extension module
extension=mbstring.so

现在要重启php-fpm服务来生效新安装的php模块.

service php-fpm restart

点击"进行安装", 检测全部通过, 进行下一步, 数据库配置.

注意这里配置的Table prefix不是schema, 而且表的前缀, 防止一个schema下有多个Drupal实例存在的情况造成表名重复.

如果不可能重复的话, 建议字母+下划线的前缀. 或者不要前缀.

开始安装, 提示需要配置bytea output参数 :

配置方法很多, 随便选一种.

配置连接数据库的用户的默认参数,

digoal=# alter role drupal set bytea_output = 'escape';
ALTER ROLE
或者配置drupal728数据库的参数,
digoal=# alter database drupal728 set bytea_output = 'escape';
ALTER DATABASE
或者配置PG集群的默认参数.
vi $PGDATA/postgresql.conf
bytea_output = 'escape';
pg_ctl reload

接下来安装过程出错, 违反非空约束如下,

但是表已经安装好了.

drupal728=> \dt
                      List of relations
 Schema |               Name                | Type  | Owner  
--------+-----------------------------------+-------+--------
 drupal | drupalactions                     | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalauthmap                     | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalbatch                       | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalblock                       | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalblock_custom                | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalblock_node_type             | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalblock_role                  | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalblocked_ips                 | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalcache                       | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalcache_block                 | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalcache_bootstrap             | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalcache_field                 | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalcache_filter                | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalcache_form                  | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalcache_image                 | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalcache_menu                  | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalcache_page                  | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalcache_path                  | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalcomment                     | table | drupal
 drupal | drupaldate_format_locale          | table | drupal
 drupal | drupaldate_format_type            | table | drupal
 drupal | drupaldate_formats                | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalfield_config                | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalfield_config_instance       | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalfield_data_body             | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalfield_data_comment_body     | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalfield_data_field_image      | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalfield_data_field_tags       | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalfield_revision_body         | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalfield_revision_comment_body | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalfield_revision_field_image  | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalfield_revision_field_tags   | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalfile_managed                | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalfile_usage                  | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalfilter                      | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalfilter_format               | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalflood                       | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalhistory                     | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalimage_effects               | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalimage_styles                | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalmenu_custom                 | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalmenu_links                  | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalmenu_router                 | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalnode                        | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalnode_access                 | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalnode_comment_statistics     | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalnode_revision               | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalnode_type                   | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalqueue                       | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalrdf_mapping                 | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalregistry                    | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalregistry_file               | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalrole                        | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalrole_permission             | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalsearch_dataset              | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalsearch_index                | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalsearch_node_links           | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalsearch_total                | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalsemaphore                   | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalsequences                   | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalsessions                    | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalshortcut_set                | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalshortcut_set_users          | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalsystem                      | table | drupal
 drupal | drupaltaxonomy_index              | table | drupal
 drupal | drupaltaxonomy_term_data          | table | drupal
 drupal | drupaltaxonomy_term_hierarchy     | table | drupal
 drupal | drupaltaxonomy_vocabulary         | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalurl_alias                   | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalusers                       | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalusers_roles                 | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalvariable                    | table | drupal
 drupal | drupalwatchdog                    | table | drupal
(73 rows)

drupal728=> \df
                                List of functions
 Schema |      Name       | Result data type |    Argument data types    |  Type  
--------+-----------------+------------------+---------------------------+--------
 drupal | concat          | text             | anynonarray, anynonarray  | normal
 drupal | concat          | text             | anynonarray, text         | normal
 drupal | concat          | text             | text, anynonarray         | normal
 drupal | concat          | text             | text, text                | normal
 drupal | greatest        | numeric          | numeric, numeric          | normal
 drupal | greatest        | numeric          | numeric, numeric, numeric | normal
 drupal | rand            | double precision |                           | normal
 drupal | substring_index | text             | text, text, integer       | normal
(8 rows)

非空约束错误, 从postgresql查看日志 :

2014-07-11 21:54:12.543 CST,"drupal","drupal728",21209,"172.16.3.150:62904",53bfec82.52d9,150,"INSERT",2014-07-11 21:54:10 CST,3/290
7,0,ERROR,23502,"null value in column ""rid"" violates not-null constraint","Failing row contains (null, administer blocks, block)."
,,,,,"INSERT INTO drupalrole_permission (rid, permission, module) VALUES (NULL, 'administer blocks', 'block')",,"ExecConstraints, ex
ecMain.c:1610",""

这个错误可以直接点击the error page, 跳到手工处理配置界面.

完成配置 :

现在可以打开drupal了.

执行完配置后改回权限

cd /opt/site/drupal/
chmod 644 sites/default/settings.php
chmod 755 sites/default

配置自动开启这些服务.

chkconfig nginx on
chkconfig php-fpm on

vi /etc/rc.local
pg_ctl start

[参考]

1. https://www.drupal.org/start

2. https://www.drupal.org/project/drupal

3. http://www.howtoforge.com/installing-nginx-with-php5-and-php-fpm-and-mysql-support-lemp-on-ubuntu-12.04-lts

4. http://wiki.nginx.org/NginxFullExample

5. http://wiki.nginx.org/NginxFullExample2

6. INSTALL.txt

Drupal 7.28, Nginx 1.6, PostgreSQL 9.3.4, PHP 5.4, fpm install on CentOS 6.x x64

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