DAPP的研制还处于起步阶段。今天简单介绍一下市场上应用分发的现状，只是初级水平。后面的文章会逐一介绍它的发展历史和数据解读。
基于区块链的智能合约构建及执行分为如下几步：
1、多方用户共同参与制定一份智能合约；
2、合约通过P2P网络扩散并存入区块链；
3、区块链构建的智能合约自动执行。
parameter_types! {
pub const CouncilMotionDuration: BlockNumber = 5 * DAYS;
pub const CouncilMaxProposals: u32 = 100;
pub const CouncilMaxMembers: u32 = 100;}
type CouncilCollective = pallet_collective::Instance1;
impl pallet_collective::Config for Runtime {
type Origin = Origin;
type Proposal = Call;
type Event = Event;
type MotionDuration = CouncilMotionDuration;
type MaxProposals = CouncilMaxProposals;
type MaxMembers = CouncilMaxMembers;
type DefaultVote = pallet_collective::PrimeDefaultVote;
type WeightInfo = pallet_collective::weights::SubstrateWeight<Runtime>;}
parameter_types! {
pub const CandidacyBond: Balance = 10 * DOLLARS;
// 1 storage item created, key size is 32 bytes, value size is 16+16.
pub const VotingBondBase: Balance = deposit(1, 64);
// additional data per vote is 32 bytes (account id).
pub const VotingBondFactor: Balance = deposit(0, 32);
pub const TermDuration: BlockNumber = 7 * DAYS;
pub const DesiredMembers: u32 = 13;
pub const DesiredRunnersUp: u32 = 7;
pub const ElectionsPhragmenPalletId: LockIdentifier = *b"phrelect";}
// Make sure that there are no more than MaxMembers members elected via elections-phragmen.
const_assert!(DesiredMembers::get() <= CouncilMaxMembers::get());
impl pallet_elections_phragmen::Config for Runtime {
type Event = Event;
type PalletId = ElectionsPhragmenPalletId;
type Currency = Balances;
type ChangeMembers = Council;
// NOTE: this implies that council's genesis members cannot be set directly and must come from
// this module.
type InitializeMembers = Council;
type CurrencyToVote = U128CurrencyToVote;
type CandidacyBond = CandidacyBond;
type VotingBondBase = VotingBondBase;
type VotingBondFactor = VotingBondFactor;
type LoserCandidate = ();
type KickedMember = ();
type DesiredMembers = DesiredMembers;
type DesiredRunnersUp = DesiredRunnersUp;
type TermDuration = TermDuration;
type WeightInfo = pallet_elections_phragmen::weights::SubstrateWeight<Runtime>;}
parameter_types! {
pub const TechnicalMotionDuration: BlockNumber = 5 * DAYS;
pub const TechnicalMaxProposals: u32 = 100;
pub const TechnicalMaxMembers: u32 = 100;}
type TechnicalCollective = pallet_collective::Instance2;
impl pallet_collective::Config for Runtime {
type Origin = Origin;
type Proposal = Call;
type Event = Event;
type MotionDuration = TechnicalMotionDuration;
type MaxProposals = TechnicalMaxProposals;
type MaxMembers = TechnicalMaxMembers;
type DefaultVote = pallet_collective::PrimeDefaultVote;
type WeightInfo = pallet_collective::weights::SubstrateWeight<Runtime>;}
type EnsureRootOrHalfCouncil = EitherOfDiverse<
EnsureRoot<AccountId>,
pallet_collective::EnsureProportionMoreThan<AccountId, CouncilCollective, 1, 2>,;
impl pallet_membership::Config<pallet_membership::Instance1> for Runtime {
type Event = Event;
type AddOrigin = EnsureRootOrHalfCouncil;
type RemoveOrigin = EnsureRootOrHalfCouncil;
type SwapOrigin = EnsureRootOrHalfCouncil;
type ResetOrigin = EnsureRootOrHalfCouncil;
type PrimeOrigin = EnsureRootOrHalfCouncil;
type MembershipInitialized = TechnicalCommittee;
type MembershipChanged = TechnicalCommittee;
type MaxMembers = TechnicalMaxMembers;
type WeightInfo = pallet_membership::weights::SubstrateWeight<Runtime>;}
parameter_types! {
pub const ProposalBond: Permill = Permill::from_percent(5);
pub const ProposalBondMinimum: Balance = 1 * DOLLARS;
pub const SpendPeriod: BlockNumber = 1 * DAYS;
pub const Burn: Permill = Permill::from_percent(50);
pub const TipCountdown: BlockNumber = 1 * DAYS;
pub const TipFindersFee: Percent = Percent::from_percent(20);
pub const TipReportDepositBase: Balance = 1 * DOLLARS;
pub const DataDepositPerByte: Balance = 1 * CENTS;
pub const TreasuryPalletId: PalletId = PalletId(*b"py/trsry");
pub const MaximumReasonLength: u32 = 300;
pub const MaxApprovals: u32 = 100;}
impl pallet_treasury::Config for Runtime {
type PalletId = TreasuryPalletId;
type Currency = Balances;
type ApproveOrigin = EitherOfDiverse<
EnsureRoot<AccountId>,
pallet_collective::EnsureProportionAtLeast<AccountId, CouncilCollective, 3, 5>,
>;
type RejectOrigin = EitherOfDiverse<
EnsureRoot<AccountId>,
pallet_collective::EnsureProportionMoreThan<AccountId, CouncilCollective, 1, 2>,
>;
type Event = Event;
type OnSlash = ();
type ProposalBond = ProposalBond;
type ProposalBondMinimum = ProposalBondMinimum;
type ProposalBondMaximum = ();
type SpendPeriod = SpendPeriod;
type Burn = Burn;
type BurnDestination = ();
type SpendFunds = Bounties;
type WeightInfo = pallet_treasury::weights::SubstrateWeight<Runtime>;
type MaxApprovals = MaxApprovals;
type SpendOrigin = frame_support::traits::NeverEnsureOrigin<u128>;}
