基于51单片机的指纹锁设计-阿里云开发者社区

基于51单片机的指纹锁系统设计

在现代社会，随着科技的不断进步，家庭安全变得越来越重要。传统的机械锁由于安全性低，已经不能满足人们对家庭安全的需求。因此，我们设计了一款基于51单片机的指纹锁系统，该系统结合了指纹识别技术和密码锁的工作原理，提供了一种安全可靠、操作便捷的解决方案。

实物图：

系统概述

本指纹锁系统以STC89C52单片机为核心，辅以AS608指纹模块、L298N电机驱动芯片、LCD1602显示屏等模块。系统通过指纹验证或密码输入实现开锁功能，具有操作简便、安全性高的特点。LCD显示屏用于显示系统状态和用户操作指引，而L298N芯片则用于驱动锁具的机械部分。

硬件设计

51单片机

51单片机是整个系统的核心，负责处理所有的逻辑控制和数据处理。STC89C52单片机具有足够的I/O端口，可以连接多个外部设备，同时具备内部Flash存储器，便于程序的存储和运行。

AS608指纹模块

AS608指纹模块负责指纹的采集和识别。该模块通过光学传感器捕捉用户的指纹图像，并通过内置算法进行特征提取和比对。模块通过串口与单片机通信，发送和接收控制指令。

L298N电机驱动芯片

L298N芯片用于驱动锁具的电机，实现锁舌的开启和关闭。该芯片可以接收单片机的控制信号，驱动电机正转或反转，从而控制锁具的开闭状态。

LCD1602显示屏

LCD1602显示屏用于显示系统状态和用户操作指引。它能够显示多行文本信息，帮助用户了解当前的操作状态，如指纹验证成功、密码输入错误等提示信息。

软件设计

软件部分主要包括指纹模块的驱动程序、用户界面的控制程序、密码管理程序和主控制程序。

指纹模块驱动程序

//AS608Ö¸ÎÆÄ£¿é
volatile unsigned char AS608_RECEICE_BUFFER[32]; //volatile:ÏµÍ³×ÜÊÇÖØÐÂ´ÓËüËùÔÚµÄÄÚ´æ¶ÁÈ¡Êý¾Ý£¬¼´Ê¹ËüÇ°ÃæµÄÖ¸Áî¸Õ¸Õ´Ó¸Ã´¦¶ÁÈ¡¹ýÊý¾Ý
//FINGERPRINTÍ¨ÐÅÐÒé¶¨Òå
code unsigned char AS608_Get_Device[10] ={0x01,0x00,0x07,0x13,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x1b};//¿ÚÁîÑéÖ¤
code unsigned char AS608_Pack_Head[6] = {0xEF,0x01,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF};  //ÐÒé°üÍ·
code unsigned char AS608_Get_Img[6] = {0x01,0x00,0x03,0x01,0x00,0x05};    //»ñµÃÖ¸ÎÆÍ¼Ïñ
code unsigned char AS608_Get_Templete_Count[6] ={0x01,0x00,0x03,0x1D,0x00,0x21 }; //»ñµÃÄ£°æ×ÜÊý
code unsigned char AS608_Search[11]={0x01,0x00,0x08,0x04,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x03,0xE7,0x00,0xF8}; //ËÑË÷Ö¸ÎÆËÑË÷·¶Î§0 - 999,Ê¹ÓÃBUFFER1ÖÐµÄÌØÕ÷ÂëËÑË÷
code unsigned char AS608_Search_0_9[11]={0x01,0x00,0x08,0x04,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x13,0x00,0x21}; //ËÑË÷0-9ºÅÖ¸ÎÆ
code unsigned char AS608_Img_To_Buffer1[7]={0x01,0x00,0x04,0x02,0x01,0x00,0x08}; //½«Í¼Ïñ·ÅÈëµ½BUFFER1
code unsigned char AS608_Img_To_Buffer2[7]={0x01,0x00,0x04,0x02,0x02,0x00,0x09}; //½«Í¼Ïñ·ÅÈëµ½BUFFER2
code unsigned char AS608_Reg_Model[6]={0x01,0x00,0x03,0x05,0x00,0x09}; //½«BUFFER1¸úBUFFER2ºÏ³ÉÌØÕ÷Ä£°æ
code unsigned char AS608_Delete_All_Model[6]={0x01,0x00,0x03,0x0d,0x00,0x11};//É¾³ýÖ¸ÎÆÄ£¿éÀïËùÓÐµÄÄ£°æ
volatile unsigned char  AS608_Save_Finger[9]={0x01,0x00,0x06,0x06,0x01,0x00,0x0B,0x00,0x19};//½«BUFFER1ÖÐµÄÌØÕ÷Âë´æ·Åµ½Ö¸¶¨µÄÎ»ÖÃ
//code unsigned char AS608_num_of_finger_in_lib1[7]={0x01,0x00,0x04,0x1F,0x00,0x00,0x24};//²é¿´Ö¸ÎÆ¿âµÄÃüÁî
//code unsigned char AS608_num_of_finger_in_lib2[7]={0x01,0x00,0x04,0x1F,0x01,0x00,0x25};
//code unsigned char AS608_num_of_finger_in_lib3[7]={0x01,0x00,0x04,0x1F,0x02,0x00,0x26};
//code unsigned char AS608_num_of_finger_in_lib4[7]={0x01,0x00,0x04,0x1F,0x03,0x00,0x27};
 //·¢ËÍ°üÍ·
void AS608_Cmd_Send_Pack_Head(void)
{
  int i;  
  for(i=0;i<6;i++) //°üÍ·
    Uart_Send_Byte(AS608_Pack_Head[i]);   
}
//·¢ËÍÖ¸Áî
void AS608_Cmd_Check(void)
{
  int i=0;
  AS608_Cmd_Send_Pack_Head(); //·¢ËÍÍ¨ÐÅÐÒé°üÍ·
  for(i=0;i<10;i++)
    Uart_Send_Byte(AS608_Get_Device[i]);
}
//½ÓÊÕ·´À¡Êý¾Ý»º³å
void AS608_Receive_Data(unsigned char ucLength)
{
  unsigned char i;         
  for (i=0;i<ucLength;i++)
    AS608_RECEICE_BUFFER[i] = Uart_Receive_Byte();
}
//FINGERPRINT_»ñµÃÖ¸ÎÆÍ¼ÏñÃüÁî
void AS608_Cmd_Get_Img(void)
{
    unsigned char i;
    AS608_Cmd_Send_Pack_Head(); //·¢ËÍÍ¨ÐÅÐÒé°üÍ·
    for(i=0;i<6;i++) //·¢ËÍÃüÁî 0x1d
       Uart_Send_Byte(AS608_Get_Img[i]);
}
//½«Í¼Ïñ×ª»»³ÉÌØÕ÷Âë´æ·ÅÔÚBuffer1ÖÐ
void FINGERPRINT_Cmd_Img_To_Buffer1(void)
{
  unsigned char i;
  AS608_Cmd_Send_Pack_Head(); //·¢ËÍÍ¨ÐÅÐÒé°üÍ·      
    for(i=0;i<7;i++)   //·¢ËÍÃüÁî ½«Í¼Ïñ×ª»»³É ÌØÕ÷Âë ´æ·ÅÔÚ CHAR_buffer1
    Uart_Send_Byte(AS608_Img_To_Buffer1[i]);
}
//½«Í¼Ïñ×ª»»³ÉÌØÕ÷Âë´æ·ÅÔÚBuffer2ÖÐ
void FINGERPRINT_Cmd_Img_To_Buffer2(void)
{
  unsigned char i;
  AS608_Cmd_Send_Pack_Head(); //·¢ËÍÍ¨ÐÅÐÒé°üÍ·
  for(i=0;i<7;i++)   //·¢ËÍÃüÁî ½«Í¼Ïñ×ª»»³É ÌØÕ÷Âë ´æ·ÅÔÚ CHAR_buffer1
    Uart_Send_Byte(AS608_Img_To_Buffer2[i]);
}
//ËÑË÷È«²¿ÓÃ»§999Ã¶
void AS608_Cmd_Search_Finger(void)
{
  unsigned char i;          
  AS608_Cmd_Send_Pack_Head(); //·¢ËÍÍ¨ÐÅÐÒé°üÍ·
  for(i=0;i<11;i++)
    Uart_Send_Byte(AS608_Search[i]);   
}
//×ª»»³ÉÌØÕ÷Âë
void AS608_Cmd_Reg_Model(void)
{
  unsigned char i;            
  AS608_Cmd_Send_Pack_Head(); //·¢ËÍÍ¨ÐÅÐÒé°üÍ·
  for(i=0;i<6;i++)
    Uart_Send_Byte(AS608_Reg_Model[i]);   
}
//É¾³ýÖ¸ÎÆÄ£¿éÀïµÄËùÓÐÖ¸ÎÆÄ£°æ
void FINGERPRINT_Cmd_Delete_All_Model(void)
{
  unsigned char i;    
    AS608_Cmd_Send_Pack_Head(); //·¢ËÍÍ¨ÐÅÐÒé°üÍ·   
    for(i=0;i<6;i++) //ÃüÁîÉ¾³ýÖ¸ÎÆÄ£°æ
        Uart_Send_Byte(AS608_Delete_All_Model[i]);   
}
//±£´æÖ¸ÎÆ
void AS608_Cmd_Save_Finger( unsigned int storeID )
{
  unsigned long temp = 0;
  unsigned char i;
  AS608_Save_Finger[5] =(storeID&0xFF00)>>8;
  AS608_Save_Finger[6] = (storeID&0x00FF);
  for(i=0;i<7;i++)   //¼ÆËãÐ£ÑéºÍ
    temp = temp + AS608_Save_Finger[i]; 
  AS608_Save_Finger[7]=(temp & 0x00FF00) >> 8; //´æ·ÅÐ£ÑéÊý¾Ý
  AS608_Save_Finger[8]= temp & 0x0000FF;       
  AS608_Cmd_Send_Pack_Head(); //·¢ËÍÍ¨ÐÅÐÒé°üÍ·  
  for(i=0;i<9;i++)  
    Uart_Send_Byte(AS608_Save_Finger[i]);      //·¢ËÍÃüÁî ½«Í¼Ïñ×ª»»³É ÌØÕ÷Âë ´æ·ÅÔÚ CHAR_buffer1
}
//²é¿´µ±Ç°Ö¸ÎÆ¿âÖÐÖ¸ÎÆÄ£°åÊý
int AS608_number_of_fingers()
{
  int num=1;//Ä¬ÈÏÄ£°å¿âÖÐÓÐÒ»¸öÄ£°å
  uchar i=0;
  AS608_Cmd_Send_Pack_Head(); //·¢ËÍÍ¨ÐÅÐÒé°üÍ·
  for(i=0;i<6;i++)
      Uart_Send_Byte(AS608_Get_Templete_Count[i]);
  AS608_RECEICE_BUFFER[9]=1;//·½±ãºóÐøÅÐ¶ÏÊÇ·ñ½ÓÊÕ³É¹¦
  AS608_Receive_Data(14);//½ÓÊÕÊý¾Ý
  if(AS608_RECEICE_BUFFER[9]==0) //½ÓÊÕ³É¹¦
    num=AS608_RECEICE_BUFFER[10]*256+AS608_RECEICE_BUFFER[11];//Æ´½ÓÄ£°å×Ü¸öÊý      
  return num;
}
//ÁíÒ»ÖÖ·½·¨²é¿´Ö¸ÎÆ¿âÖÐÊÇ·ñÓÐÄ£°å //±¾À´Ó¦¸Ã²é¿´ËùÓÐ1000¸öÄ£°åÎ»ÖÃÊÇ·ñ´æÔÚÄ£°å£¬µ«Ò»°ãÖ»ÓÃµÃµ½Ç°256¸ö£¬¹Ê´Ó¼ò
/*
bit AS608_notEmpty()
{
  bit exist=0;
  char i=0;
  AS608_Cmd_Send_Pack_Head(); //·¢ËÍÍ¨ÐÅÐÒé°üÍ·
  for(i=0;i<7;i++)
  {
      Uart_Send_Byte(AS608_num_of_finger_in_lib1[i]);
  }
  AS608_Receive_Data(10);//½ÓÊÕÇ°10byteÊý¾Ý,³ýµÚ10×Ö½ÚµÄÈ·ÈÏÂëÍâ£¬ÆäÓàÈ«²¿¶ªÆú
  if(AS608_RECEICE_BUFFER[9]==0) //½ÓÊÕ³É¹¦
  {
  AS608_Receive_Data(32);//½ÓÊÕºóÐø32byteÊý¾Ý£¬´Ë¼´0~255¸öÄ£°åÎªÊÇ·ñ´æÔÚÖ¸ÎÆÄ£°åµÄÊý¾Ý
  for(i=0;i<32;i++)//²é¿´Õâ32byteÊý¾Ý£¬ÈÎºÎÒ»¸öÎ»ÖÃ´æÔÚÄ£°åÔò·µ»ØÖµÎªÕæ£¬·ñÔòÎª¼Ù
  {
    if(AS608_RECEICE_BUFFER[i])
      exist=1;
  }
  return exist;
  }
}
*/
//Ìí¼ÓÖ¸ÎÆ
void AS608_Add_Fingerprint()
{
  unsigned char id_show[]={0,0,0};
  LCD1602_WriteCMD(0x01); //ÇåÆÁ  
  while(1)
  {
    LCD1602_Display(0x80,"   Add  finger  ",0,16);
    LCD1602_Display(0xc0,"    ID is       ",0,16);
    //°´·µ»Ø¼üÖ±½Ó»Øµ½Ö÷²Ëµ¥
    if(KEY_CANCEL == 0) 
    {
    Delay_ms(5);
    if(KEY_CANCEL == 0)
    {
      while(KEY_CANCEL==0);
      break;
    }  
    }
    //°´ÇÐ»»¼üÖ¸ÎÆiDÖµ¼Ó1
    if(KEY_DOWN == 0)
    {
    Delay_ms(5);
    if(KEY_DOWN == 0)
    {
      while(KEY_DOWN==0);
      if(finger_id == 1000)
        finger_id = 1;//±£Áô0ºÅ²»±»¸²¸Ç
      else
        finger_id = finger_id + 1;
    }   
    }
    //Ö¸ÎÆiDÖµÏÔÊ¾´¦Àí 
    LCD1602_WriteCMD(0xc0+10);
    LCD1602_Display_Number(finger_id);
    //°´È·ÈÏ¼ü¿ªÊ¼Â¼ÈëÖ¸ÎÆÐÅÏ¢          
    if(KEY_OK == 0)
    {
    Delay_ms(5);
    if(KEY_OK == 0)
      { 
      while(KEY_OK==0);
        LCD1602_Display(0x80," Please  finger ",0,16);
        LCD1602_Display(0xc0,"                ",0,16);
      while(KEY_CANCEL == 1)
      {
          //°´ÏÂ·µ»Ø¼üÍË³öÂ¼Èë·µ»ØfingerIDµ÷Õû×´Ì¬   
        if(KEY_CANCEL == 0) 
        {
         Delay_ms(5);
        if(KEY_CANCEL == 0)
        {
          while(KEY_CANCEL==0);
            break;
        }
          }
        AS608_Cmd_Get_Img(); //»ñµÃÖ¸ÎÆÍ¼Ïñ
        AS608_Receive_Data(12);
        //ÅÐ¶Ï½ÓÊÕµ½µÄÈ·ÈÏÂë,µÈÓÚ0Ö¸ÎÆ»ñÈ¡³É¹¦
        if(AS608_RECEICE_BUFFER[9]==0)
        {
          Delay_ms(100);
          FINGERPRINT_Cmd_Img_To_Buffer1();
            AS608_Receive_Data(12);
          LCD1602_Display(0x80,"Successful entry",0,16);
          Beep_Times(1);
          Delay_ms(1000);
          LCD1602_Display(0x80," Please  finger ",0,16);
            LCD1602_Display(0xc0,"                ",0,16);
          while(1)
          {
            if(KEY_CANCEL == 0) 
            {
            Delay_ms(5);
            if(KEY_CANCEL == 0)
            {
              while(KEY_CANCEL==0);
                break;
            }
              }
            AS608_Cmd_Get_Img(); //»ñµÃÖ¸ÎÆÍ¼Ïñ
            AS608_Receive_Data(12);
            //ÅÐ¶Ï½ÓÊÕµ½µÄÈ·ÈÏÂë,µÈÓÚ0Ö¸ÎÆ»ñÈ¡³É¹¦
            if(AS608_RECEICE_BUFFER[9]==0)
            {
              Delay_ms(200);
              LCD1602_Display(0x80,"Successful entry",0,16);
              LCD1602_Display(0xc0,"    ID is       ",0,16);
              //Ö¸ÎÆiDÖµÏÔÊ¾´¦Àí 
              LCD1602_WriteCMD(0xc0+10);
              LCD1602_Display_Number(finger_id);
              FINGERPRINT_Cmd_Img_To_Buffer2();
                AS608_Receive_Data(12);
              AS608_Cmd_Reg_Model();//×ª»»³ÉÌØÕ÷Âë
                  AS608_Receive_Data(12); 
                AS608_Cmd_Save_Finger(finger_id);                            
                    AS608_Receive_Data(12);
              Beep_Times(1);
              Delay_ms(1000);
              finger_id=finger_id+1;
                break;
              }
            }
            break;
        }
      }
    }
    }
  }
}
//ËÑË÷Ö¸ÎÆ
void AS608_Find_Fingerprint()
{
  unsigned int find_fingerid = 0;
  unsigned char id_show[]={0,0,0};
  do
  {
    LCD1602_Display(0x80," Please  finger ",0,16);
    LCD1602_Display(0xc0,"                ",0,16);
    AS608_Cmd_Get_Img(); //»ñµÃÖ¸ÎÆÍ¼Ïñ
    AS608_Receive_Data(12);   
    //ÅÐ¶Ï½ÓÊÕµ½µÄÈ·ÈÏÂë,µÈÓÚ0Ö¸ÎÆ»ñÈ¡³É¹¦
    if(AS608_RECEICE_BUFFER[9]==0)
    {     
      Delay_ms(100);
      FINGERPRINT_Cmd_Img_To_Buffer1();
      AS608_Receive_Data(12);   
      AS608_Cmd_Search_Finger();
      AS608_Receive_Data(16);     
      if(AS608_RECEICE_BUFFER[9] == 0) //ËÑË÷µ½  
      {
        //½âËø³É¹¦//
        
        LCD1602_Display(0x80," Search success ",0,16);
        LCD1602_Display(0xc0,"    ID is       ",0,16);
        Beep_Times(1);          
        //Æ´½ÓÖ¸ÎÆIDÊý
        find_fingerid = AS608_RECEICE_BUFFER[10]*256 + AS608_RECEICE_BUFFER[11];          
         //Ö¸ÎÆiDÖµÏÔÊ¾´¦Àí 
         LCD1602_WriteCMD(0xc0+10);
         LCD1602_Display_Number(find_fingerid);
        //ÅäÖÃIO¿Ú£¬Ö´ÐÐ¿ªËø²Ù×÷
        if(flag)
        {
        P1=0xfe;            
        Delay_ms(OpenTime*100);
        P1=0xff;  //µç¶¯»úÍ£Ö¹×ª¶¯
        Delay_ms(1000);
        P1=0xfd;  //µç¶¯»ú·´×ª¸´Î»
        Delay_ms(CloseTime*100);//µç»úÕý×ª×èÁ¦Ô¶´óÓÚ·´×ª£¬Ðý×ªÏàÍ¬½Ç¶ÈÊ±£¬Õý×ªÐèÒª¸ü¶àÊ±¼ä  
        P1=0xff;  //µç¶¯»úÍ£Ö¹×ª¶¯
        }
        flag=1; //ÔÊÐíºóÐøÏà¹Ø²Ù×÷£ºÌí¼Ó»òÉ¾³ýÖ¸ÎÆÄ£°å
        break;              
      }
      else //Ã»ÓÐÕÒµ½
      {
          LCD1602_Display(0x80," Search  failed ",0,16);
          LCD1602_Display(0xc0,"                ",0,16);
          Beep_Times(3);
      }
    }   
  }while(KEY_CANCEL == 1);
}
//É¾³ýËùÓÐ´æÖüµÄÖ¸ÎÆ¿â
void AS608_Delete_All_Fingerprint()
{
    unsigned char i=0;
    LCD1602_Display(0x80,"   empty all    ",0,16);
    LCD1602_Display(0xc0,"   Yes or no ?  ",0,16); 
    do
     {
      if(KEY_OK==0)
      {
      Delay_ms(5);
      if(KEY_OK==0)
      {
        while(KEY_OK==0);
        LCD1602_Display(0x80,"   emptying     ",0,16);
        LCD1602_Display(0xc0,"                ",0,16); 
        Delay_ms(300);
        LCD1602_WriteCMD(0xc0);
        for(i=0;i<16;i++)
         {
          LCD1602_WriteDAT(42);// ¼´'*'
          Delay_ms(100);
         }
        FINGERPRINT_Cmd_Delete_All_Model();
          AS608_Receive_Data(12); 
        LCD1602_Display(0x80,"   All empty    ",0,16);
        LCD1602_Display(0xc0,"                ",0,16);
        Beep_Times(3);
        break;
      }
      }
     }while(KEY_CANCEL==1);
}

该程序负责与AS608指纹模块进行通信，实现指纹的采集、特征提取和比对。程序通过串口发送指令，控制指纹模块的工作状态，并接收模块返回的比对结果。

用户界面控制程序

//Òº¾§·±Ã¦¼ì²â
void LCD1602_CheckBusy(void)
{
  
  uchar busy;
  DataPort=0xff; 
  RS=0;
  RW=1;
  do
  {
    EN=1;
    busy=DataPort;
    EN=0;
  }while(busy&0x80);  
}
//Òº¾§³õÊ¼»¯º¯Êý
void LCD1602_Init(void)  
{
  Delay_ms(15);         //ÉÏµçÑÓÊ±15ms
    LCD1602_WriteCMD(0x38); //Ð´ÏÔÊ¾Ö¸Áî(²»¼ì²âÃ¦ÐÅºÅ)
    Delay_ms(5);
    LCD1602_CheckBusy();
    LCD1602_WriteCMD(0x38); //Ð´ÏÔÊ¾Ö¸Áî
    LCD1602_CheckBusy();
    LCD1602_WriteCMD(0x01); //ÇåÆÁ
    LCD1602_CheckBusy();
    LCD1602_WriteCMD(0x06); //ÏÔÊ¾¹â±êÒÆ¶¯ÉèÖÃ
    LCD1602_CheckBusy();
    LCD1602_WriteCMD(0x0c); //ÏÔÊ¾¿ª¼°¹â±êÉèÖÃ  
}
//Òº¾§ÏÔÊ¾º¯Êý    Èë¿Ú²ÎÊý£ºaddrÆðÊ¼µØÖ·£¬pointerÖ¸ÕëµØÖ·£¬indexÏÂ±ê£¬num¸öÊý
void LCD1602_Display(unsigned char addr,unsigned char* pointer,unsigned char index,unsigned char num)
{
    unsigned char i;
    LCD1602_CheckBusy();  //ÅÐ¶ÏÃ¦ÐÅºÅ
    LCD1602_WriteCMD(addr); //Ð´ÈëµØÖ·
    for(i=0;i<num;i++)    //Ð´ÈëÊý¾Ý
    {
      LCD1602_CheckBusy();         //ÅÐ¶ÏÃ¦ÐÅºÅ
      LCD1602_WriteDAT(pointer[index+i]);//Ð´ÈëÊý¾Ý     
    }
}
//Òº¾§ÏÔÊ¾ËÄÎ»Êý
void LCD1602_Display_Number(unsigned int num)
{
  if(num/1000)
    LCD1602_WriteDAT(num/1000+48);  
  LCD1602_WriteDAT(num%1000/100+48);
  LCD1602_WriteDAT(num%100/10+48);
  LCD1602_WriteDAT(num%10+48);
}

该程序负责控制LCD1602显示屏，显示系统状态和用户操作指引。程序根据系统的工作状态，动态更新显示内容，提供清晰的用户交互界面。

主控制程序

//Ö÷º¯Êý
void main()
{             
  finger_id=0;
  I2C_init();//I2C³õÊ¼»¯
  LCD1602_Init();     //³õÊ¼»¯Òº¾§
  LCD1602_Display(0x80," Designer : lsy ",0,16);   //Òº¾§¿ª»úÏÔÊ¾½çÃæ
  Delay_ms(500);  
  LCD1602_Display(0x80,"Fingerprint Test",0,16);   //Òº¾§¿ª»úÏÔÊ¾½çÃæ
    Uart_Init();      //³õÊ¼»¯´®¿Ú
  Key_Init();       //³õÊ¼»¯°´¼ü
  Delay_ms(200);          //ÑÓÊ±200MS£¬µÈ´ýÖ¸ÎÆÄ£¿é¸´Î»
  Device_Check();       //Ð£¶ÔÖ¸ÎÆÄ£¿éÊÇ·ñ½ÓÈëÕýÈ·£¬Òº¾§×ö³öÏàÓ¦µÄÌáÊ¾
  Delay_ms(1000);     //¶Ô½Ó³É¹¦½çÃæÍ£ÁôÒ»¶¨Ê±¼ä
  OpenTime=I2C_ReadData(254);//´ÓAT24C02µÚ254¸öµ¥ÔªÖÐ¶ÁÈ¡Êý¾Ý
  CloseTime=I2C_ReadData(250);//´ÓAT24C02µÚ255¸öµ¥ÔªÖÐ¶ÁÈ¡Êý¾Ý
  while(1)
  {
      
    /**************½øÈëÖ÷¹¦ÄÜ½çÃæ****************/
    LCD1602_Display(0x80,"  search finger ",0,16);   //µÚÒ»ÅÅÏÔÊ¾ËÑË÷Ö¸ÎÆ
    LCD1602_Display(0xc0,"  Add     delete",0,16);   //Ìí¼ÓºÍÉ¾³ýÖ¸ÎÆ
    switch(local_date)
    {
      case 0:
        LCD1602_Display(0x80,  " *",0,2);
        LCD1602_Display(0xc0,  "  ",0,2);
        LCD1602_Display(0xc0+8,"  ",0,2);
      break;
      case 1:
        LCD1602_Display(0x80,  "  ",0,2);
        LCD1602_Display(0xc0,  " *",0,2);
        LCD1602_Display(0xc0+8,"  ",0,2);
      break;
      case 2:
        LCD1602_Display(0x80,  "  ",0,2);
        LCD1602_Display(0xc0,  "  ",0,2);
        LCD1602_Display(0xc0+8," *",0,2);
      break;  
    }
    //È·ÈÏ¼ü
    if(KEY_OK == 0)
    {
    Delay_ms(5);
    if(KEY_OK == 0)
    {  
      while(KEY_OK == 0);//µÈ´ýËÉ¿ª°´¼ü               
      switch(local_date)
      {
        case 0:  //ËÑË÷Ö¸ÎÆ 
          flag=1;         
          AS608_Find_Fingerprint();                                               
          break;    
        case 1:  //Ìí¼ÓÖ¸ÎÆ
          flag=1; //flag=1£¬ÈôÖ¸ÎÆ¿âÎª¿Õ£¬Ôò¿ÉÒÔÖ±½ÓÌí¼ÓÖ¸ÎÆ        
          if(AS608_number_of_fingers())
          {
            flag=0;//flagÖÃ0ÓÉÁ½ÖØ×÷ÓÃ£º
            //1¡¢Ö¸ÎÆ¿âÖÐÒÑÓÐÖ¸ÎÆ£¬ÔòÐèÒªËÑË÷Æ¥Åä³É¹¦£¬ÓÉAS608_Find_Fingerprint()½«flagÖÃ1£¬²ÅÄÜÌí¼ÓÖ¸ÎÆ
            //2¡¢flag=0£¬ÔòÔÚËÑË÷Ö¸ÎÆ³É¹¦ºó²»Ö´ÐÐ¿ªËø²Ù×÷
            AS608_Find_Fingerprint();
          }
          if(flag)
            AS608_Add_Fingerprint();
          break;          
        case 2: //Çå¿ÕÖ¸ÎÆ
          flag=0; //1¡¢ÔÚËÑË÷Ö¸ÎÆ³É¹¦ºó²»Ö´ÐÐ¿ªËø²Ù×÷£»2¡¢ÈôËÑË÷²»³É¹¦£¬²»Ö´ÐÐÇå¿Õ²Ù×÷
          AS608_Find_Fingerprint();//ËÑË÷Æ¥Åä³É¹¦ºó£¬º¯ÊýÄÚ²¿½«flagÖÃ1£¬²ÅÄÜÇå¿ÕÖ¸ÎÆ¿â
          if(flag)
            AS608_Delete_All_Fingerprint();
          break;
      }
    }
    }
    //ÇÐ»»¼ü
    if(KEY_DOWN == 0)
    {
    Delay_ms(5);
    if(KEY_DOWN == 0)
    {
      while(KEY_DOWN == 0); //µÈ´ýËÉ¿ª°´¼ü
      local_date++;
      if(local_date==3) 
        local_date=0; 
    }
    }
    //°´Key_Mode½øÈëÊ±¼äµ÷ÕûÄ£Ê½
    if (KEY_Mode == 0)
    {
    Delay_ms(5);
    if(KEY_Mode == 0)
    {
      while(KEY_Mode == 0);
      flag=0;
      AS608_Find_Fingerprint();
      if(flag)
        Refresh_time();
    }
    }           
    
    Delay_ms(100); //ÑÓÊ±ÅÐ¶Ï100MS¼ì²âÒ»´Î    
  }
}

主控制程序负责协调各个模块的工作，实现系统的开锁逻辑。当用户进行指纹验证或密码输入时，主程序会调用相应的驱动程序，根据验证结果控制L298N芯片，实现锁具的开闭。

系统功能

本指纹锁系统具备以下功能：

指纹开锁：用户可以通过验证指纹来开锁。
状态显示：LCD显示屏会实时显示系统状态，如开锁成功、密码错误等。
安全报警：如果连续多次输入错误的指纹，系统会触发报警。

结论

基于51单片机的指纹锁系统设计，不仅提高了家庭安全的水平，也为用户提供了便捷的开锁方式。通过结合现代电子技术和生物识别技术，该系统在保证安全性的同时，也提供了良好的用户体验。随着技术的不断进步，未来指纹锁系统将更加智能化、多样化，为家庭安全提供更加可靠的保障。

原理图

PCB设计

希望你喜欢这个项目，并在构建过程中找到乐趣！如果你有任何问题或需要帮助，欢迎在评论区交流。

作者：Svan.

注意：本博文为不得在未经本人同意进行转载或者二次创作，违者必究！！！

基于51单片机的指纹锁设计