使用 os.path 模块中的函数来操作路径名。 下面是一个交互式例子来演示一些关键的特性：

import os path = '/Users/beazley/Data/data.csv'

Get the last component of the path

os.path.basename(path) 'data.csv'

Get the directory name

os.path.dirname(path) '/Users/beazley/Data'

Join path components together

os.path.join('tmp', 'data', os.path.basename(path)) 'tmp/data/data.csv'

Expand the user's home directory

path = '~/Data/data.csv' os.path.expanduser(path) '/Users/beazley/Data/data.csv'

Split the file extension

os.path.splitext(path) ('~/Data/data', '.csv')