引入spring及测试的依赖
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>5.3.16</version>
</dependency>
<!-- org.springframework/spring-test -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>5.3.16</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- org.junit.jupiter/junit-jupiter-api -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId>
<version>5.8.2</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- org.projectlombok/lombok -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>1.18.22</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
在cn.chenxiejia.entity包下建一个Entity和Student类
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Entity {
private Set<Student> set;
private Map<Integer, Student> map;
private List<Student> list;
private String[] s;}
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Student {
private int sid;
private String name;
public void init() {
System.out.println("初始化");
}
public void close() {
System.out.println("执行了销毁");
}}
然后建一个spring的配置文件,spring的所有配置都在这里进行，当然，也可以使用注解的方式配置随后进行注解方式演示
配置文件applicationContext.xml
这里演示的各种类型属性的配置 配置思路是先进性扫包加载文件 再进行bean的配置 加载文件只加载一次即可
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beanshttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!-- 扫描包-->
<context:component-scan base-package="cn.chenxiejia.entity"/>
<!-- 加载properties文件-->
<context:property-placeholder location="db.properties"/>
<!--创建实例 init-method 初始化执行 destroy-method 销毁时执行-->
<bean id="zhang" class="cn.chenxiejia.entity.Student" init-method="init" destroy-method="close">
<constructor-arg index="0" value="1"/>
<constructor-arg index="1" value="张同学"/>
</bean>
<bean id="li" class="cn.chenxiejia.entity.Student">
<constructor-arg name="name" value="李同学"/>
<constructor-arg name="sid" value="2"/>
</bean>
<bean id="wang" class="cn.chenxiejia.entity.Student">
<constructor-arg value="3"/>
<constructor-arg value="王同学"/>
</bean>
<!-- id name 不能相同 唯一识别-->
<bean id="entity" class="cn.chenxiejia.entity.Entity">
<property name="set">
<set>
<!--ref 为链接对象-->
<ref bean="zhang"/>
<ref bean="li"/>
<ref bean="wang"/>
</set>
</property>
<property name="list">
<list>
<ref bean="wang"/>
<ref bean="zhang"/>
</list>
</property>
<property name="map">
<map>
<entry key="1" value-ref="li"/>
<entry key="2" value-ref="wang"/>
</map>
</property>
<property name="s">
<array value-type="java.lang.String">
<value>ss</value>
<value>dd</value>
<value>ff</value>
</array>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="entity1" name="entity2" class="cn.chenxiejia.entity.Entity">
<property name="set">
<set>
<ref bean="zhang"/>
<ref bean="li"/>
<ref bean="wang"/>
</set>
</property>
<property name="list">
<list>
<ref bean="wang"/>
<ref bean="zhang"/>
</list>
</property>
<property name="map">
<map>
<entry key="1" value-ref="li"/>
<entry key="2" value-ref="wang"/>
</map>
</property>
<property name="s">
<array value-type="java.lang.String">
<value>11</value>
<value>sq</value>
<value>ee</value>
</array>
</property>
</bean>
测试类1演示
//加载xml配置
@SpringJUnitConfig(locations = {"classpath:applicationContext.xml"})
public class Springdemo {
//@Autowired为自动装配 写清楚类型及实例名，实例名必须唯一或者该类型只有一个实例
@Autowired
Student li;
@Autowired
ApplicationContext ac;
@Autowired
Entity entity1;
@Autowired
Entity entity;
@Autowired
Student zhang;
@Test
public void demo() {
//getDeanDefinitionNames为bean实例化的名称列表
for (String b : ac.getBeanDefinitionNames()) {
System.out.println(b);
}
System.out.println(li);
}
//@Qualifier("") 将该对象属性赋值给另一个
@Test
public void demo1(@Qualifier("entity1") Entity e) {
System.out.println(e.getList());
System.out.println(e.getMap());
System.out.println(e.getSet());
for (String s : e.getS()) {
System.out.println(s);
}
}测试类2演示
@SpringJUnitConfig(locations = "classpath:applicationContext.xml")
//@PropertySource("db.properties")
public class SpringDemo1 {
//#用于获取实例属性 $用于获取配置文件内容
@Value("#{'zhang,li1,wang,zhao,li'.split(',')}")
private List<String> list;
@Value("${db.url}")
private String url;
@Value("#{li.name}")
private String map;
@Test
public void demo1() {
System.out.println(list);
System.out.println(url);
System.out.println(map);
}}
接下来使用注解的形式演示
在刚才的两个实体类上加个注解@Service表示标记为被扫描类
然后创建一个配置类相当于之前的applicationContext.xml
里面的@Bean相当于的配置
//标注为配置类
@Configuration
//扫描包
@ComponentScan("cn.chenxiejia.entity")
//加载配置文件
@PropertySource("classpath:db.properties")
public class AppConfig {
@Bean(name = "s1", initMethod = "init", destroyMethod = "close")
public Student Student(@Value("1") int id, @Value("张同学") String name) {
return new Student(id, name);
}
@Bean(name = "s2", initMethod = "init", destroyMethod = "close")
public Student Student2(@Value("2") int id, @Value("王同学") String name) {
return new Student(id, name);
}
@Bean("e1")
public Entity e1(@Value("#{{s1,s2}}") Set<Student> set, @Value("#{{3:s1,4:s2}}") Map<Integer, Student> map, @Value("#{{s1,s2}}") List<Student> list, @Value("#{'java,phton,js,c,html'.split(',')}") String[] s) {
return new Entity(set, map, list, s);
}
@Bean("e2")
public Entity e2(@Value("#{{s1,s2}}") Set<Student> set, @Value("#{{3:s1,4:s2}}") Map<Integer, Student> map, @Value("#{{s1,s2}}") List<Student> list, @Value("#{'aa,bb,cc,dd,ee'.split(',')}") String[] s) {
return new Entity(set, map, list, s);
}}
然后简单测试一下
//加载配置类
@SpringJUnitConfig(AppConfig.class)
public class SpringDemo2 {
@Autowired
Student s2;
@Autowired
Entity e1;
@Test
public void demo1() {
System.out.println(e1);
}}
