比特币源代码深入浅出，有最详细的参考资料汇总

IMPLEMENT_APP()->整个程序的入口，详见Ref[1]，Ref[2].

->OnInit2

--->LoadAddresses()

--->LoadBlockIndex()

--->LoadWallet()

--->ReacceptWalletTransactions();

--->StartNode

----->ThreadIRCSeed

----->ThreadSocketHandler

----->ThreadOpenConnections

----->ThreadMessageHandler

--->ThreadBitcoinMiner()

收集广播中还没有被记录账本的原始交易信息

检查每个交易信息中付款地址有没有足够的余额

验证交易是否有正确的签名

把验证通过的交易信息进行打包记录

添加一个奖励交易：给自己的地址增加12.5比特币

->OnInit2

LoadAddresses()

LoadBlockIndex()

LoadWallet()

ReacceptWalletTransactions();// Add wallet transactions that aren't already in a block to mapTransactions

CTxDB txdb("cr");

->CDB("blkindex.dat")

--->pdb->open()//将"blkindex.dat"读入到了数据库

->txdb.LoadBlockIndex()

--->InsertBlockIndex()

----->mapBlockIndex.insert(make_pair(hash, pindexNew))//建立mapBlockIndex

CWalletDB("cr")

->CDB("wallet.dat")

--->pdb->open()//将"wallet.dat"读入到了数据库

CWalletDB("cr").LoadWallet()

->CWalletTx& wtx = mapWallet[hash];

->ssValue >> wtx;//建立mapWallet

CAddrDB("cr+")

->CDB("addr.dat")

--->pdb->open()//将"addr.dat"读入到了数据库

CAddrDB("cr+").LoadAddresses()

->mapIRCAddresses.insert(make_pair(addr.GetKey(), addr));//建立mapIRCAddresses

local node ----->version message----->

<-----version message<----- remote node

local node ----->getblocks message----->

<-----inv message<----- remote node

local node ----->getdata message----->

<-----blocks message<----- remote node

ThreadSocketHandler()

->void ThreadSocketHandler2(void* parg)

--->CNode* pnode = new CNode(hSocket, addr, true);

----->PushMessage("version", VERSION, nLocalServices, nTime, addr);//启动表7的第一个消息包

ThreadOpenConnections()

->ThreadOpenConnections2()

--->pnode=ConnectNode()

--->pnode->PushMessage("addr", vAddrToSend);// Advertise our address

--->pnode->PushMessage("getaddr");// Get as many addresses as we can

AcceptWalletTransaction()

->wtx.AcceptWalletTransaction(txdb, false)

--->AcceptTransaction(txdb, fCheckInputs, pfMissingInputs)//本3参函数唯一调用了下面的函数

----->AddToMemoryPool()

------->mapTransactions[hash] = *this;

1. bool CTransaction::AcceptTransaction(CTxDB& txdb, bool fCheckInputs, bool* pfMissingInputs)

2. {

3.     if (pfMissingInputs)

4.         *pfMissingInputs = false;

5. 

6.     // Coinbase is only valid in a block, not as a loose transaction

7.     if (IsCoinBase())

8.         return error("AcceptTransaction() : coinbase as individual tx");

9. 

10.     if (!CheckTransaction())

11.         return error("AcceptTransaction() : CheckTransaction failed");

12. 

13.     // Do we already have it?

14.     uint256 hash = GetHash();

15.     CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_mapTransactions)

16.         if (mapTransactions.count(hash))

17.             return false;

18.     if (fCheckInputs)

19.         if (txdb.ContainsTx(hash))

20.             return false;

21. 

22.     // Check for conflicts with in-memory transactions

23.     CTransaction* ptxOld = NULL;

24.     for (int i = 0; i < vin.size(); i++)

25.     {

26.         COutPoint outpoint = vin[i].prevout;

27.         if (mapNextTx.count(outpoint))

28.         {

29.             // Allow replacing with a newer version of the same transaction

30.             if (i != 0)

31.                 return false;

32.             ptxOld = mapNextTx[outpoint].ptx;

33.             if (!IsNewerThan(*ptxOld))

34.                 return false;

35.             for (int i = 0; i < vin.size(); i++)

36.             {

37.                 COutPoint outpoint = vin[i].prevout;

38.                 if (!mapNextTx.count(outpoint) || mapNextTx[outpoint].ptx != ptxOld)

39.                     return false;

40.             }

41.             break;

42.         }

43.     }

44. 

45.     // Check against previous transactions

46.     map<uint256, CTxIndex> mapUnused;

47.     int64 nFees = 0;

48.     if (fCheckInputs && !ConnectInputs(txdb, mapUnused, CDiskTxPos(1,1,1), 0, nFees, false, false))

49.     {

50.         if (pfMissingInputs)

51.             *pfMissingInputs = true;

52.         return error("AcceptTransaction() : ConnectInputs failed %s", hash.ToString().substr(0,6).c_str());

53.     }

54. 

55.     // Store transaction in memory

56.     CRITICAL_BLOCK(cs_mapTransactions)

57.     {

58.         if (ptxOld)

59.         {

60.             printf("mapTransaction.erase(%s) replacing with new version\n", ptxOld->GetHash().ToString().c_str());

61.             mapTransactions.erase(ptxOld->GetHash());

62.         }

63.         AddToMemoryPool();

64.     }

65. 

66.     ///// are we sure this is ok when loading transactions or restoring block txes

67.     // If updated, erase old tx from wallet

68.     if (ptxOld)

69.         EraseFromWallet(ptxOld->GetHash());

70. 

71.     printf("AcceptTransaction(): accepted %s\n", hash.ToString().substr(0,6).c_str());

72.     return true;

73. }

74. 

1. Check syntactic correctness

2. Make sure neither in or out lists are empty

3. Size in bytes <= MAX_BLOCK_SIZE

4. Each output value, as well as the total, must be in legal money range

5. Make sure none of the inputs have hash=0, n=-1 (coinbase transactions)

6. Check that nLockTime <= INT_MAX[1], size in bytes >= 100[2], and sig opcount <= 2[3]

7. Reject "nonstandard" transactions: scriptSig doing anything other than pushing numbers on the stack, or scriptPubkey not matching the two usual forms[4]

8. Reject if we already have matching tx in the pool, or in a block in the main branch

9. For each input, if the referenced output exists in any other tx in the pool, reject this transaction.[5]

10. For each input, look in the main branch and the transaction pool to find the referenced output transaction. If the output transaction is missing for any input, this will be an orphan transaction. Add to the orphan transactions, if a matching transaction is not in there already.

11. For each input, if the referenced output transaction is coinbase (i.e. only 1 input, with hash=0, n=-1), it must have at least COINBASE_MATURITY (100) confirmations; else reject this transaction

12. For each input, if the referenced output does not exist (e.g. never existed or has already been spent), reject this transaction[6]

13. Using the referenced output transactions to get input values, check that each input value, as well as the sum, are in legal money range

14. Reject if the sum of input values < sum of output values

15. Reject if transaction fee (defined as sum of input values minus sum of output values) would be too low to get into an empty block

16. Verify the scriptPubKey accepts for each input; reject if any are bad

17. Add to transaction pool[7]

7、187是公钥（大家都知道），23、187是私钥（只有自己知道），用公钥7、187加密明文数字88：

C = 88⁷ mod 187 = 11 （mod就是取余的意思）

得到密文数字11，解密的一方用私钥23、187解密文数字11

M = 11²³ mod 187 = 88

得到明文数字88。这样就完成了加密和解密的过程。