安装环境
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系统环境:CentOS 6.5-x86_64
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所需软件包:
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apr-1.5.0.tar.bz2
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apr-util-1.5.3.tar.bz2
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httpd-2.4.9.tar.bz2
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-
下载地址:
安装步骤
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注:httpd-2.4版本依赖于更高版本(1.5版本以上)的apr和apr-util;apr全称为apache portable runtime,能实现httpd跨平台运行
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解决依赖关系
123yum -y groupinstall
"Development tools"
# 安装开发包组,包括gcc,automake等
yum -y groupinstall
"Server Platform Development"
# 安装开发包组
yum -y
install
pcre-devel
# 兼容Perl的正则表达式库
-
编译安装apr-1.5.0
1234tar
xf apr-1.5.0.
tar
.bz2
cd
apr-1.5.0
.
/configure
--prefix=
/usr/local/apr
make
&&
make
install
-
编译安装apr-util-1.5.3
1234tar
xf apr-util-1.5.3.
tar
.bz2
cd
apr-util-1.5.3
.
/configure
--prefix=
/usr/local/apr-util
--with-apr=
/usr/local/apr/
make
&&
make
install
-
httpd编译安装
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tar
xf httpd-2.4.9.
tar
.bz2
cd
httpd-2.4.9
.
/configure
--prefix=
/usr/local/apache
--sysconfdir=
/etc/httpd249
--
enable
-so --
enable
-ssl --
enable
-cgi --
enable
-rewrite --
enable
-deflate --with-z --with-pcre --with-apr=
/usr/local/apr
--with-apr-util=
/usr/local/apr-util/
--
enable
-modules=most --
enable
-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event
make
&&
make
install
# 各编译参数详解
--prefix:
#安装路径
--sysconfdir:
#指定配置文件路径
--
enable
-so:
#DSO兼容,DSO=Dynamic Shared Object,动态共享对象,可实现模块动态生效
--
enable
-ssl:
#支持SSL/TLS,可以实现https访问
--
enable
-cgi:
#支持CGI脚本(默认对非线程的MPM模式开启)
--
enable
-rewrite:
#启用Rewrite功能
--
enable
-deflate:
#支持压缩
--with-z:
#使用指定的zlib库,不指定路径会自动寻找
--with-pcre:
#使用指定的PCRE库,不指定路径会自动寻找
--with-apr:
#指定apr安装路径
--with-apr-util:
#指定apr-util安装路径
--
enable
-modules:
#支持动态启用的模块,可选参数有“all”,“most”,“few”,“reallyall”
--
enable
-mpms-shared:
#支持动态加载的MPM模块,可选“all”
--with-mpm:
#设置默认启用的MPM模式
|
后续配置
i.修改httpd的主配置文件,设置其Pid文件的路径
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# vi /etc/httpd249/httpd.conf
PidFile
"/var/run/httpd.pid"
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ii.导出头文件
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ln
-sv
/usr/local/apache/include
/usr/include/httpd
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iii.导出man手册
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vi
/etc/man
.config
MANPATH
/usr/local/apache/man
# man文件在apache安装目录下哦
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iv.编写服务脚本(因是编译安装,不会自动生成服务脚本)
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# vi /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd
#!/bin/bash
#
# httpd Startup script for the Apache HTTP Server
#
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# description: Apache is a World Wide Web server. It is used to serve \
# HTML files and CGI.
# processname: httpd
# config: /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
# config: /etc/sysconfig/httpd
# pidfile: /var/run/httpd.pid
# Source function library.
.
/etc/rc
.d
/init
.d
/functions
if
[ -f
/etc/sysconfig/httpd
];
then
.
/etc/sysconfig/httpd
fi
# Start httpd in the C locale by default.
HTTPD_LANG=${HTTPD_LANG-
"C"
}
# This will prevent initlog from swallowing up a pass-phrase prompt if
# mod_ssl needs a pass-phrase from the user.
INITLOG_ARGS=
""
# Set HTTPD=/usr/sbin/httpd.worker in /etc/sysconfig/httpd to use a server
# with the thread-based "worker" MPM; BE WARNED that some modules may not
# work correctly with a thread-based MPM; notably PHP will refuse to start.
# Path to the apachectl script, server binary, and short-form for messages.
apachectl=
/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl
httpd=${HTTPD-
/usr/local/apache/bin/httpd
}
prog=httpd
pidfile=${PIDFILE-
/var/run/httpd
.pid}
lockfile=${LOCKFILE-
/var/lock/subsys/httpd
}
RETVAL=0
start() {
echo
-n $
"Starting $prog: "
LANG=$HTTPD_LANG daemon --pidfile=${pidfile} $httpd $OPTIONS
RETVAL=$?
echo
[ $RETVAL = 0 ] &&
touch
${lockfile}
return
$RETVAL
}
stop() {
echo
-n $
"Stopping $prog: "
killproc -p ${pidfile} -d 10 $httpd
RETVAL=$?
echo
[ $RETVAL = 0 ] &&
rm
-f ${lockfile} ${pidfile}
}
reload() {
echo
-n $
"Reloading $prog: "
if
! LANG=$HTTPD_LANG $httpd $OPTIONS -t >&
/dev/null
;
then
RETVAL=$?
echo
$
"not reloading due to configuration syntax error"
failure $
"not reloading $httpd due to configuration syntax error"
else
killproc -p ${pidfile} $httpd -HUP
RETVAL=$?
fi
echo
}
# See how we were called.
case
"$1"
in
start)
start;;
stop)
stop;;
status)
status -p ${pidfile} $httpd
RETVAL=$?;;
restart)
stop
start;;
condrestart)
if
[ -f ${pidfile} ] ;
then
stop
start
fi
;;
reload)
reload;;
graceful|help|configtest|fullstatus)
$apachectl $@
RETVAL=$?;;
*)
echo
$
"Usage: $prog {start|stop|restart|condrestart|reload|status|fullstatus|graceful|help|configtest}"
exit
1
esac
exit
$RETVAL
|
启动服务并测试
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# 为服务脚本赋予执行权限:
chmod
+x
/etc/rc
.d
/init
.d
/httpd
# 加入服务列表:
chkconfig --add httpd
# 启动服务
service httpd start
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浏览器访问:http://Server_IP/ # 显示“It works”,即表示httpd服务启动成功
httpd 2.4新特性说明
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新增特性
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MPM支持在运行时装载
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支持event MPM类型
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支持异步读写
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在每模块及每目录上指定日志级别
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每请求配置:<If>,<Elseif>
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增强版的表达式分析器
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毫秒级的keepalive timeout
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基于FQDN的虚拟主机不再需要NameVirtualHost指令
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支持使用自定义变量
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新增模块
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mod_proxy_fcgi
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mod_ratelimit
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mod_request
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mod_remoteip
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修改
-
对于基于IP的访问控制做了修改,不再支持使用order, allow, deny这些机制,而是统一使用require进行
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本文转自 xxrenzhe11 51CTO博客,原文链接:http://blog.51cto.com/xxrenzhe/1380704,如需转载请自行联系原作者