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第 6 章 Subversion

2018-01-03 1458
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简介：

目录

6.1. Invoking the Server
6.1.1. Installing
6.1.1.1. Ubuntu
6.1.1.2. CentOS 5
6.1.1.2.1. classic Unix-like xinetd daemon
6.1.1.2.2. WebDav
6.1.1.2.3. 项目目录结构
6.1.1.3. CentOS 6
6.1.2. standalone “daemon” process
6.1.2.1. starting subversion for debian/ubuntu
6.1.2.2. starting subversion daemon script for CentOS/Radhat
6.1.3. classic Unix-like inetd daemon
6.1.4. hooks
6.1.4.1. post-commit
6.1.5. WebDav
6.1.5.1. davfs2 - mount a WebDAV resource as a regular file system
6.2. repository 管理
6.2.1. create repository
6.2.2. user admin
6.2.3. authz
6.2.4. dump
6.3. 使用Subversion
6.3.1. Initialized empty subversion repository for project
6.3.2. ignore
6.3.3. 关键字替换
6.3.4. lock 加锁/ unlock 解锁
6.3.5. import
6.3.6. export 指定版本
6.3.7. 修订版本关键字
6.3.8. 恢复旧版本
6.4. branch
6.4.1. create
6.4.2. remove
6.4.3. switch
6.4.4. merge
6.4.5. relocate
6.5. FAQ
6.5.1. 递归添加文件
6.5.2. 清除项目里的所有.svn目录
6.5.3. color diff
6.5.4. cvs2svn
6.5.5. Macromedia Dreamweaver MX 2004 + WebDAV +Subversion
6.5.6. 指定用户名与密码

6.1. Invoking the Server

配置开发环境版本控制Subversion

Squid + Subversion 请参考Squid一节

6.1.1. Installing

6.1.1.1. Ubuntu

过程 6.1. subversion

  1. installation

    $ sudo apt-get install subversion 
    $ sudo apt-get install subversion

  2. create svn group and svnroot user

    $ sudo groupadd svn
$ sudo adduser svnroot --ingroup svn

  3. create repository

    $ svnadmin create /home/svnroot/test

  4. testing

    svnroot@netkiller:~$ svnserve -d --foreground -r /home/svnroot/

    check out

    neo@netkiller:/tmp$ svn list svn://localhost/test

    you may see some file and directory

    neo@netkiller:/tmp$ ls test/.svn/
entries  format  prop-base  props  text-base  tmp

  5. configure

    $ vim repositories/conf/svnserve.conf

    [general]
anon-access = read
auth-access = write
password-db = passwd
# authz-db = authz
# realm = My First Repository

    $ vim repositories/conf/passwd

    [users]
# harry = harryssecret
# sally = sallyssecret
neo = chen

    如果不允许匿名用户checkout代码，配置文件这样写anon-access = none

    [general]
anon-access = none
auth-access = write

  6. firewall

    $ sudo ufw allow svn

6.1.1.2. CentOS 5

		
[root@development ~]# yum -y install subversion
6.1.1.2.1. classic Unix-like xinetd daemon
			
[root@development ~]# vim /etc/xinetd.d/subversion
service subversion
{
    disable = no
    port = 3690
    socket_type = stream
    protocol = tcp
    wait = no
    user = svnroot
    server = /usr/bin/svnserve
    server_args = -i -r /home/svnroot
}

firewall

			
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --sport 3690 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 3690 -j ACCEPT
6.1.1.2.2. WebDav

install webdav module

			
[root@development ~]# yum install mod_dav_svn

create directory

			
mkdir /var/www/repository
svnadmin create /var/www/repository

subversion.conf

			
[root@development ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/subversion.conf
LoadModule dav_module modules/mod_dav.so
LoadModule dav_svn_module modules/mod_dav_svn.so
LoadModule authz_svn_module modules/mod_authz_svn.so

vhost.conf

			
<Location />
DAV svn
SVNPath /var/www/repository
AuthType Basic
AuthName "Subversion Repository"
AuthUserFile /etc/subversion/svn-auth-file
Require valid-user
</Location>

auth file

			
[root@development ~]# htpasswd -c /etc/subversion/svn-auth-file my_user_name
6.1.1.2.3. 项目目录结构

–trunk #存放主线

–branches #存放分支，可修改

–tags #存放标记，不可修改

6.1.1.3. CentOS 6

CentOS 6 默认没有安装xinetd

# yum install xinetd
# yum install subversion

# mkdir -p /opt/svnroot

xinetd 配置

# vim /etc/xinetd.d/svn
service svn
{
    disable = no
    port = 3690
    socket_type = stream
    protocol = tcp
    wait = no
    user = svnroot
    server = /usr/bin/svnserve
    server_args = -i -r /opt/svnroot
}

# /etc/init.d/xinetd restart
Stopping xinetd:                                           [FAILED]
Starting xinetd:                                           [  OK  ]

# tail /var/log/messages | grep xinetd
May  5 18:57:20 SZVM42-C1-02 yum: Installed: 2:xinetd-2.3.14-16.el5.i386
May  5 18:59:22 SZVM42-C1-02 xinetd[4558]: Unknown user: svnroot [file=/etc/xinetd.d/svn] [line=8]
May  5 18:59:22 SZVM42-C1-02 xinetd[4558]: Error parsing attribute user - DISABLING SERVICE

[file=/etc/xinetd.d/svn] [line=8]
May  5 18:59:22 SZVM42-C1-02 xinetd[4558]: xinetd Version 2.3.14 started with libwrap loadavg labeled-networking

options compiled in.
May  5 18:59:22 SZVM42-C1-02 xinetd[4558]: Started working: 0 available services

service 名字必须与 /etc/services中定义的名字相同，否则将不能启动，同时在/var/log/message中会提示如下

May  4 14:33:08 www xinetd[5656]: service/protocol combination not in /etc/services: subversion/tcp
May  4 14:33:08 www xinetd[5656]: xinetd Version 2.3.14 started with libwrap loadavg labeled-networking options compiled in.
May  4 14:33:08 www xinetd[5656]: Started working: 0 available services
May  4 14:33:33 www pulseaudio[21913]: sink-input.c: Failed to create sink input: too many inputs per sink.
May  4 14:33:33 www pulseaudio[21913]: sink-input.c: Failed to create sink input: too many inputs per sink.
May  4 14:33:33 www pulseaudio[21913]: sink-input.c: Failed to create sink input: too many inputs per sink.
May  4 14:33:33 www pulseaudio[21913]: sink-input.c: Failed to create sink input: too many inputs per sink.
May  4 14:33:33 www pulseaudio[21913]: sink-input.c: Failed to create sink input: too many inputs per sink.
May  4 14:33:33 www pulseaudio[21913]: sink-input.c: Failed to create sink input: too many inputs per sink.
May  4 14:33:33 www pulseaudio[21913]: sink-input.c: Failed to create sink input: too many inputs per sink.
May  4 14:33:33 www pulseaudio[21913]: sink-input.c: Failed to create sink input: too many inputs per sink.
May  4 14:33:41 www xinetd[5656]: Exiting...
May  4 14:33:41 www xinetd[5676]: xinetd Version 2.3.14 started with libwrap loadavg labeled-networking options compiled in.
May  4 14:33:41 www xinetd[5676]: Started working: 1 available service

6.1.2. standalone “daemon” process

svn daemon

$ svnserve --daemon --root /home/svnroot

6.1.2.1. starting subversion for debian/ubuntu

/etc/init.d/subversion for debian/ubuntu

			
debian:/etc/init.d# cat subversion
#!/bin/sh
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides:          subversion
# Required-Start:    $remote_fs $network
# Required-Stop:     $remote_fs $network
# Should-Start:      fam
# Should-Stop:       fam
# Default-Start:     2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop:      0 1 6
# Short-Description: Start the subversion subversion server.
### END INIT INFO

#########################
# Author: Neo <openunix@163.com>
#########################

PATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
DAEMON=/usr/bin/svnserve
NAME=subversion
DESC="subversion server"
PIDFILE=/var/run/$NAME.pid
SCRIPTNAME=/etc/init.d/$NAME
SVNROOT=/srv/svnroot
DAEMON_OPTS="-d -T -r $SVNROOT --pid-file $PIDFILE"

test -x $DAEMON || exit 0

set -e

. /lib/lsb/init-functions

case "$1" in
    start)
        log_daemon_msg "Starting $DESC" $NAME
        echo
        $DAEMON $DAEMON_OPTS
        echo `pgrep -o $NAME` > $PIDFILE > /dev/null 2> /dev/null
        ;;
    stop)
        log_daemon_msg "Stopping $DESC" $NAME
        echo
        killall `basename $DAEMON` > /dev/null 2> /dev/null
        rm -rf $PIDFILE
        ;;
    restart)
        $0 stop
        $0 start
        ;;
    status)
        ps ax | grep $NAME
        ;;
    *)
        echo "Usage: $SCRIPTNAME {start|stop|restart|status}" >&2
        exit 1
        ;;
esac

exit 0

6.1.2.2. starting subversion daemon script for CentOS/Radhat

			
#!/bin/bash
#
# /etc/rc.d/init.d/subversion
#
# Starts the Subversion Daemon
#
# chkconfig: 345 90 10
#
# description: Subversion Daemon

# processname: svnserve

source /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

[ -x /usr/bin/svnserve ] || exit 1

### Default variables
SYSCONFIG="/etc/sysconfig/subversion"

### Read configuration
[ -r "$SYSCONFIG" ] && source "$SYSCONFIG"

RETVAL=0
USER="svnroot"
prog="svnserve"
desc="Subversion Daemon"

start() {
   echo -n $"Starting $desc ($prog): "
   daemon --user $USER $prog -d $OPTIONS
   RETVAL=$?
   [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && touch /var/lock/subsys/$prog
   echo
}

stop() {
   echo -n $"Shutting down $desc ($prog): "
   killproc $prog
   RETVAL=$?
   [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && success || failure
   echo
   [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && rm -f /var/lock/subsys/$prog
   return $RETVAL
}

case "$1" in
  start)
   start
   ;;
  stop)
   stop
   ;;
  restart)
   stop
   start
   RETVAL=$?
   ;;
  condrestart)
        [ -e /var/lock/subsys/$prog ] && restart
   RETVAL=$?
   ;;
  *)
   echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|condrestart}"
   RETVAL=1
esac

exit $RETVAL

/etc/sysconfig/subversion

# Configuration file for the Subversion service

#
# To pass additional options (for instace, -r root of directory to server) to
# the svnserve binary at startup, set OPTIONS here.
#
#OPTIONS=
OPTIONS="--threads --root /srv/svnroot"

6.1.3. classic Unix-like inetd daemon

/etc/inetd.conf

svn stream tcp nowait svn /usr/bin/svnserve svnserve -i -r /home/svnroot/repositories

xinetd.d

/etc/xinetd.d/subversion

$ sudo apt-get install xinetd
$ sudo vim /etc/xinetd.d/subversion

service subversion
{
    disable = no
    port = 3690
    socket_type = stream
    protocol = tcp
    wait = no
    user = svnroot
    server = /usr/bin/svnserve
    server_args = -i -r /home/svnroot
}

restart xinetd

$ sudo /etc/init.d/xinetd restart

6.1.4. hooks

$ sudo apt-get install subversion-tools

6.1.4.1. post-commit

install SVN::Notify

perl -MCPAN -e 'install SVN::Notify'
				
				
$ sudo cp post-commit.tmpl post-commit
$ sudo chown svnroot:svn post-commit
$ sudo vim post-commit

REPOS="$1"
REV="$2"

#/usr/share/subversion/hook-scripts/commit-email.pl "$REPOS" "$REV" openunix@163.com
/usr/share/subversion/hook-scripts/commit-email.pl "$1" "$2" --from neo@netkiller.8800.org -h localhost  -s "[SVN]" --diff y openunix@163.com openx@163.com

另一种方法

				
#!/bin/sh

REPOS="$1"
REV="$2"

/usr/local/bin/svnnotify                    \
    --repos-path    "$REPOS"                \
    --revision      "$REV"                  \
    --subject-cx                            \
    --with-diff                             \
    --handler       HTML::ColorDiff         \
    --to            <your e-mail address>   \
    --from          <from e-mail address>
    			
				
/usr/bin/svnnotify --repos-path "$REPOS" --revision "$REV" \
--from neo@netkiller.8800.org --to openunix@163.com --smtp localhost \
--handler "HTML::ColorDiff"  --with-diff --charset zh_CN:GB2312  -g zh_CN --svnlook /usr/bin/svnlook --subject-prefix '[SVN]'

如果你没有安装邮件服务器，你可以使用服务商的SMTP如163.com

/usr/bin/svnnotify --repos-path "$REPOS" --revision "$REV" \
--from openx@163.com --to openunix@163.com --smtp smtp.163.com  --smtp-user openunix --smtp-pass ****** \
--handler "HTML::ColorDiff"  --with-diff --charset UTF-8 --language zh_CN --svnlook /usr/bin/svnlook --subject-prefix '[SVN]'

Charset

REPOS="$1"
REV="$2"

svnnotify --repos-path "$REPOS" --revision "$REV" \
        --subject-cx \
        --from neo.chen@example.com \
        --to group@example.com,manager@example.com \
        --with-diff \
        --svnlook /usr/bin/svnlook \
        --subject-prefix '[SVN]' \
        --charset UTF-8  --language zh_CN

6.1.5. WebDav

Apache SVN

$ sudo apt-get install libapache2-svn 
netkiller@neo:/etc/apache2$ sudo apt-get install libapache2-svn

vhost

			
<VirtualHost *>
        ServerName svn.netkiller.8800.org
        DocumentRoot /var/svn

      <Location />
                DAV svn
                SVNPath /var/svn
                AuthType Basic
                AuthName "Subversion Repository"
                AuthUserFile /etc/apache2/svn.passwd
                <LimitExcept GET PROPFIND OPTIONS REPORT>
                        Require valid-user
                </LimitExcept>
        </Location>
</VirtualHost>

建立密码文件

建立第一个用户需要加-c参数

netkiller@neo:/etc/apache2$ sudo htpasswd2 -c /etc/apache2/svn.passwd svn
New password:
Re-type new password:
Adding password for user svn

输入两次密码

建立其他用户

sudo htpasswd2 /etc/apache2/svn.passwd otheruser

6.1.5.1. davfs2 - mount a WebDAV resource as a regular file system

install

$ sudo apt-get install davfs2

mount a webdav to directory

$ sudo mount.davfs https://opensvn.csie.org/netkiller /mnt/davfs/
Please enter the username to authenticate with server
https://opensvn.csie.org/netkiller or hit enter for none.
Username: svn
Please enter the password to authenticate user svn with server
https://opensvn.csie.org/netkiller or hit enter for none.
Password:
mount.davfs: the server certificate is not trusted
  issuer:      CSIE.org, CSIE.org, Taipei, Taiwan, TW
  subject:     CSIE.org, CSIE.org, Taipei, TW
  identity:    *.csie.org
  fingerprint: e6:05:eb:fb:69:5d:25:4e:11:3c:83:e8:7c:44:ee:bf:a9:85:a3:64
You only should accept this certificate, if you can
verify the fingerprint! The server might be faked
or there might be a man-in-the-middle-attack.
Accept certificate for this session? [y,N] y

test

$ ls davfs/
branches  lost+found  tags  trunk





原文出处：Netkiller 系列 手札
本文作者：陈景峯
转载请与作者联系，同时请务必标明文章原始出处和作者信息及本声明。

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