post 表单数据
curl -d "user=neo&password=chen" http://www.example.com/login.php curl --data "user=neo&password=chen" http://www.example.com/login.php curl -F "upload=@card.txt;type=text/plain" "http://www.example.com/upload.php"
curl -o /dev/null --connect-timeout 30 -m 30 -s -w %{http_code} http://www.google.com/
-m, --max-time SECONDS Maximum time allowed for the transfer
curl -o /dev/null --max-time 10 http://www.netkiller.cn/
curl --compressed http://www.example.com
有时候你需要设觉察/etc/hosts文件才能访问vhost,下面例子可以不设置/etc/hosts
curl -x 127.0.0.1:80 your.exmaple.com/index.php
计时器 描述 time_connect 建立到服务器的 TCP 连接所用的时间 time_starttransfer 在发出请求之后,Web 服务器返回数据的第一个字节所用的时间 time_total 完成请求所用的时间 time_namelookup DNS解析时间,从请求开始到DNS解析完毕所用时间(记得关掉 Linux 的 nscd 的服务测试) speed_download 下载速度，单位-字节每秒。
curl -o /dev/null -s -w %{time_connect}:%{time_starttransfer}:%{time_total} http://www.example.net
curl -o /dev/null -s -w "Connect: %{time_connect}\nTransfer: %{time_starttransfer}\nTotal: %{time_total}\n" https://www.netkiller.cn/index.html
curl -o /dev/null -s -w "Connect: %{time_connect} \nTransfer: %{time_starttransfer}\nTotal: %{time_total}\nNamelookup: %{time_namelookup}\nDownload: %{speed_download}\n" https://www.netkiller.cn/index.html
Connect: 0.024241
Transfer: 0.117727
Total: 0.117842
Namelookup: 0.004367
Download: 129877.000
测试页面所花费的时间
date ; curl -s -w 'Connect: %{time_connect} TTFB: %{time_starttransfer} Total time: %{time_total} \n' -H "Host: www.example.com" http://172.16.0.1/webapp/test.jsp ; date ;
curl -o /dev/null -s -w %{time_connect}, %{time_starttransfer}, %{time_total}, %{time_namelookup}, %{speed_download} http://www.netkiller.cn
返回HTTP状态码
curl -s -I http://netkiller.sourceforge.net/ | grep HTTP | awk '{print $2" "$3}'
curl -o /dev/null -s -w %{http_code} http://netkiller.sourceforge.net/
curl --connect-timeout 5 --max-time 60 --output /dev/null -s -w %{response_code} http://www.netkiller.cn/
# curl -w '\nLookup time:\t%{time_namelookup}\nConnect time:\t%{time_connect}\nPreXfer time:\t%{time_pretransfer}\nStartXfer time:\t%{time_starttransfer}\n\nTotal time:\t%{time_total}\n' -o /dev/null -s http://www.netkiller.cn
Lookup time: 0.125
Connect time: 0.125
PreXfer time: 0.125
StartXfer time: 0.125
Total time: 0.126
设置用户代理，这样web服务器会认为是其他浏览器访问
curl -A "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 5.01; Windows NT 5.0)" http://www.example.com
curl -v -o /dev/null -e "http://www.example.com" http://www.your.com/
* About to connect() to www.your.com port 80
* Trying 172.16.1.10... connected
* Connected to www.your.com (172.16.1.10) port 80
> GET / HTTP/1.1
> User-Agent: curl/7.15.5 (x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu) libcurl/7.15.5 OpenSSL/0.9.8b zlib/1.2.3 libidn/0.6.5
> Host: www.your.com
> Accept: */*
> Referer: http://www.example.com
>
< HTTP/1.1 200 OK
< Date: Thu, 30 Sep 2010 07:59:47 GMT
< Server: Apache/2.2.16 (Unix) mod_ssl/2.2.16 OpenSSL/0.9.8e-fips-rhel5 PHP/5.2.14
< Accept-Ranges: bytes
< Transfer-Encoding: chunked
< Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
% Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current
Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed
100 172k 0 172k 0 0 10.2M 0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 11.9M* Connection #0 to host www.your.com left intact
* Closing connection #0
curl -o /dev/null http://www.example.com curl -o index.html http://www.example.com
If-Modified-Since
neo@neo-OptiPlex-780:/tmp$ curl -I http://images.example.com/test/test.html HTTP/1.0 200 OK Cache-Control: s-maxage=7200, max-age=900 Expires: Mon, 16 May 2011 08:10:37 GMT Content-Type: text/html Accept-Ranges: bytes ETag: "1205579110" Last-Modified: Mon, 16 May 2011 06:57:39 GMT Content-Length: 11 Date: Mon, 16 May 2011 07:55:37 GMT Server: lighttpd/1.4.26 Age: 604 X-Via: 1.0 ls71:80 (Cdn Cache Server V2.0), 1.0 lydx136:8105 (Cdn Cache Server V2.0) Connection: keep-alive neo@neo-OptiPlex-780:/tmp$ curl -H "If-Modified-Since: Fri, 12 May 2011 18:53:33 GMT" -I http://images.example.com/test/test.html HTTP/1.0 304 Not Modified Date: Mon, 16 May 2011 07:56:19 GMT Content-Type: text/html Expires: Mon, 16 May 2011 08:11:19 GMT Last-Modified: Mon, 16 May 2011 06:57:39 GMT ETag: "1205579110" Cache-Control: s-maxage=7200, max-age=900 Age: 790 X-Via: 1.0 wzdx168:8080 (Cdn Cache Server V2.0) Connection: keep-alive
neo@neo-OptiPlex-780:/tmp$ curl -I http://images.example.com/test/test.html HTTP/1.1 200 OK Cache-Control: s-maxage=7200, max-age=900 Expires: Mon, 16 May 2011 09:48:45 GMT Content-Type: text/html Accept-Ranges: bytes ETag: "1984705864" Last-Modified: Mon, 16 May 2011 09:01:07 GMT Content-Length: 22 Date: Mon, 16 May 2011 09:33:45 GMT Server: lighttpd/1.4.26
neo@neo-OptiPlex-780:/tmp$ curl -H 'If-None-Match: "1984705864"' -I http://images.example.com/test/test.html HTTP/1.1 304 Not Modified Cache-Control: s-maxage=7200, max-age=900 Expires: Mon, 16 May 2011 09:48:32 GMT Content-Type: text/html Accept-Ranges: bytes ETag: "1984705864" Last-Modified: Mon, 16 May 2011 09:01:07 GMT Date: Mon, 16 May 2011 09:33:32 GMT Server: lighttpd/1.4.26
$ curl -H Accept-Encoding:gzip,defalte -I http://www.example.com/product/374218.html HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Mon, 16 May 2011 09:13:18 GMT Server: Apache Accept-Ranges: bytes Content-Encoding: gzip Content-Length: 16660 Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8 X-Pad: avoid browser bug Age: 97 X-Via: 1.1 dg44:8888 (Cdn Cache Server V2.0) Connection: keep-alive
$ curl -H Accept-Encoding:gzip,defalte http://www.example.com/product/374218.html | gunzip
未认证返回401
# curl --compressed http://webservice.example.com/members <html> <head><title>401 Authorization Required</title></head> <body bgcolor="white"> <center><h1>401 Authorization Required</h1></center> <hr><center>nginx</center> </body> </html>
-u/--user <user[:password]> Set server user and password
使用 -u或者 --user 指定用户与密码
# curl --compressed -uneo:chen http://webservice.example.com/members
--interface INTERFACE Use network INTERFACE (or address)
curl --interface 127.0.0.1 http://www.netkiller.cn
cookie 可以从 http header 设置
curl -LO -H "Cookie: oraclelicense=accept-securebackup-cookie" http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/8u131-b11/d54c1d3a095b4ff2b6607d096fa80163/jdk-8u131-linux-x64.rpm
curl 还提供两个参数用于处理 cookie
-b, --cookie STRING/FILE Read cookies from STRING/FILE (H) 读取 cookie 文件 -c, --cookie-jar FILE Write cookies to FILE after operation (H) 将 cookie 写入文件
curl -c cookie.txt -d "user=neo&password=123456" http://www.netkiller.cn/login curl -b cookie.txt http://www.netkiller.cn/user/profile
下面提供一些使用 curl 操作 restful 的实例
GET 操作
curl http://api.netkiller.cn/v1/withdraw/get/15.json
用户认证的情况
curl http://test:123456@api.netkiller.cn/v1/withdraw/get/id/815.json
POST 操作
curl -i -H "Accept: application/json" -H "Content-Type: application/json" -X POST -d '
{
"id":"B040200000000000000","name":"Neo","amount":12,"password":"12345","createdate":"2016-09-12 13:10:10"
}' https://test:123456@api.netkiller.cn/v1/withdraw/create.json
Error in TLS handshake, trying SSLv3...
解决方案
curl -v --cipher rsa_rc4_128_sha https://www.mpaymall.com/MPay/MerchantPay.do
原文出处：Netkiller 系列 手札
本文作者：陈景峯
转载请与作者联系，同时请务必标明文章原始出处和作者信息及本声明。
