【Linux】Linux命令快速学习神器tldr、cheat介绍和使用（一）https://developer.aliyun.com/article/1395256
验证
因为构建了tldr软链接，我们可以再任意路径使用这个命令。如果敲入tldr命令出现下面的提示证明安装成功：
[zxd@localhost bin]$ tldr Usage: tldr command [options] Simplified and community-driven man pages Options: -v, --version Display version -l, --list List all commands for the chosen platform in the cache -a, --list-all List all commands in the cache -1, --single-column List single command per line (use with options -l or -a) -r, --random Show a random command -e, --random-example Show a random example -f, --render [file] Render a specific markdown [file] -m, --markdown Output in markdown format -o, --os [type] Override the operating system [linux, osx, sunos, windows] --linux Override the operating system with Linux --osx Override the operating system with OSX --sunos Override the operating system with SunOS --windows Override the operating system with Windows -t, --theme [theme] Color theme (simple, base16, ocean) -s, --search [keywords] Search pages using keywords -u, --update Update the local cache -c, --clear-cache Clear the local cache -h, --help Show this help message Examples: $ tldr tar $ tldr du --os=linux $ tldr --search "create symbolic link to file" $ tldr --list $ tldr --list-all $ tldr --random $ tldr --random-example To control the cache: $ tldr --update $ tldr --clear-cache To render a local file (for testing): $ tldr --render /path/to/file.md
我们使用tldr ls查看ls命令的用法，确实赏心悦目。
[zxd@localhost ~]$ tldr ls ✔ Page not found. Updating cache... ⠴ Creating index... ✔ Creating index... ls List directory contents. More information: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/ls. - List files one per line: ls -1 - List all files, including hidden files: ls -a - List all files, with trailing / added to directory names: ls -F - Long format list (permissions, ownership, size, and modification date) of all files: ls -la - Long format list with size displayed using human-readable units (KiB, MiB, GiB): ls -lh - Long format list sorted by size (descending): ls -lS - Long format list of all files, sorted by modification date (oldest first): ls -ltr - Only list directories: ls -d */
Cheat
介绍
这个漫画是Cheat恶搞man命令查一个命令需要翻几本书的时间，挺有意思的。
cheat：有欺骗的意思，可以直接理解为舞弊或者作弊。
官方资料
官方安装教程：cheat/INSTALLING.md at master · cheat/cheat (github.com)
手动安装
类Unix
类Unix系统可以使用下面一串命令解决。
cd /tmp \ && wget https://github.com/cheat/cheat/releases/download/4.4.0/cheat-linux-amd64.gz \ && gunzip cheat-linux-amd64.gz \ && chmod +x cheat-linux-amd64 \ && sudo mv cheat-linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cheat
个人的CenterOs实验如下：
[zxd@localhost ~]$ cd /tmp \ > && wget https://github.com/cheat/cheat/releases/download/4.4.0/cheat-linux-amd64.gz \ > && gunzip cheat-linux-amd64.gz \ > && chmod +x cheat-linux-amd64 \ > && sudo mv cheat-linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cheat --2023-01-28 18:34:35-- https://github.com/cheat/cheat/releases/download/4.4.0/cheat-linux-amd64.gz Resolving github.com (github.com)... 20.205.243.166 Connecting to github.com (github.com)|20.205.243.166|:443... connected. Unable to establish SSL connection. [zxd@localhost tmp]$ cd /tmp && wget https://github.com/cheat/cheat/releases/download/4.4.0/cheat-linux-amd64.gz && gunzip cheat-linux-amd64.gz && chmod +x cheat-linux-amd64 && sudo mv cheat-linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cheat --2023-01-28 18:34:59-- https://github.com/cheat/cheat/releases/download/4.4.0/cheat-linux-amd64.gz Resolving github.com (github.com)... ... 省略一些安装提示信息 ... github访问比较慢，耐心等待 100%[=============================================================================>] 4,696,443 9.87KB/s in 6m 11s 2023-01-28 18:41:13 (12.4 KB/s) - ‘cheat-linux-amd64.gz’ saved [4696443/4696443]
个人的Ubuntu云服务器的实验如下：
ubuntu@VM-8-8-ubuntu:~$ cd /tmp \ && wget https://github.com/cheat/cheat/releases/download/4.4.0/cheat-linux-amd64.gz \ && gunzip cheat-linux-amd64.gz \ && chmod +x cheat-linux-amd64 \ && sudo mv cheat-linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cheat --2023-01-28 10:56:00-- https://github.com/cheat/cheat/releases/download/4.4.0/cheat-linux-amd64.gz ... 省略信息 Saving to: ‘cheat-linux-amd64.gz’ cheat-linux-amd64.gz 100%[==========================================================>] 4.48M 871KB/s in 1m 42s 2023-01-28 10:57:43 (44.9 KB/s) - ‘cheat-linux-amd64.gz’ saved [4696443/4696443] ubuntu@VM-8-8-ubuntu:/tmp$ cheat A config file was not found. Would you like to create one now? [Y/n]: y Would you like to download the community cheatsheets? [Y/n]: y Cloning community cheatsheets to /home/ubuntu/.config/cheat/cheatsheets/community. Enumerating objects: 335, done. Counting objects: 100% (335/335), done. Compressing objects: 100% (314/314), done. Total 335 (delta 36), reused 274 (delta 19), pack-reused 0 Cloning personal cheatsheets to /home/ubuntu/.config/cheat/cheatsheets/personal. Created config file: /home/ubuntu/.config/cheat/conf.yml Please read this file for advanced configuration information.
注意：这里可能需要更改版本号（“4.4.0”）和存档（“cheat-linux-amd64.gz”），具体取决于安装平台。
可以阅读 releases page 了解当前命令支持的平台。
通过 go install安装
如果有GO 1.17 以上的版本，可以通过go install安装cheat。
go install github.com/cheat/cheat/cmd/cheat@latest
其他安装方式
下面是官方介绍的其他安装方式。
| Package manager | Package(s) |
| aur | cheat, cheat-bin |
| brew | cheat |
| docker | docker-cheat |
| nix | nixos.cheat |
| snap | cheat |
基础使用
和tldr类似，第一次使用cheat也需要构建“数据库”，但是cheat比tldr的使用体验更好，我们只需要按照提示输入两次y确认即可：
[zxd@localhost tmp]$ cheat A config file was not found. Would you like to create one now? [Y/n]: y Would you like to download the community cheatsheets? [Y/n]: y Cloning community cheatsheets to /home/zxd/.config/cheat/cheatsheets/community. Enumerating objects: 335, done. Counting objects: 100% (335/335), done. Compressing objects: 100% (314/314), done. Total 335 (delta 36), reused 274 (delta 19), pack-reused 0 Cloning personal cheatsheets to /home/zxd/.config/cheat/cheatsheets/personal. Created config file: /home/zxd/.config/cheat/conf.yml Please read this file for advanced configuration information.
最后是直接使用，个人感觉要比tldr麻烦事情少很多：
和 tldr的区别是排版的方式有点不同
[zxd@localhost tmp]$ cheat ls # To display everything in <dir>, excluding hidden files: ls <dir> # To display everything in <dir>, including hidden files: ls -a <dir> # To display all files, along with the size (with unit suffixes) and timestamp: ls -lh <dir> # To display files, sorted by size: ls -S <dir> # To display directories only: ls -d */ <dir> # To display directories only, include hidden: ls -d .*/ */ <dir> # To display all files sorted by changed date, most recent first: ls -ltc # To display files sorted by create time: ls -lt # To display files in a single column: ls -1 # To show ACLs (MacOS): # see also `cheat chmod` for `/bin/chmod` options for ACLs /bin/ls -le # To show all the subtree files (Recursive Mode): ls -R
Uuntu的使用类似：
# 基础使用 ubuntu@VM-8-8-ubuntu:/tmp$ cheat cp # To copy a file: cp ~/Desktop/foo.txt ~/Downloads/foo.txt # To copy a directory: cp -r ~/Desktop/cruise_pics/ ~/Pictures/ # To create a copy but ask to overwrite if the destination file already exists: cp -i ~/Desktop/foo.txt ~/Documents/foo.txt # To create a backup file with date: cp foo.txt{,."$(date +%Y%m%d-%H%M%S)"} # To copy a symlink that points to a directory (and is thus soft) and not # 'expand' the symlink (aka, preserve its nature as a symlink): # Note this does NOT work (note trailing '/'): cp -P /path/to/symlink-dir/ cp -P <symlink-dir> <dest-dir> # To copy sparsely: cp --sparse=always <src> <dest>
类似项目
还有更多和cheat以及tldr类似的项目，这里就不过多介绍了。
Cheat 允许您在命令行上创建和查看交互式备忘单。它旨在帮助提醒 Linux 系统管理员他们经常使用但不够频繁而无法记住的命令的选项。
cheat.sh 将来自多个来源（包括 tldr-pages）的备忘单聚合到 1 个统一界面中。
devhints Rico 的备忘单不仅仅关注命令行，还包括大量与编程相关的其他备忘单。
eg 在命令行上提供了详细的示例和解释。示例来自存储库，但例如支持显示自定义示例和命令以及默认值。
kb 是一个极简的命令行知识库管理器。 kb 可用于以极简主义和干净的方式组织您的笔记和备忘单。它还支持非文本文档。
navi 是一个交互式备忘单工具，它允许您即时浏览特定示例或完整命令。
bropages（已弃用）是对手册页的高度可读性补充。它显示了 Unix 命令的简明、常见示例。这些示例由用户群提交，可以投票赞成或反对；最好的条目是人们在查找命令时最先看到的内容。
写在最后
整体体验下来个人比较偏向cheat一点，类Unix系统安装官方的教程一个名称就可以完成，而tldr需要Node环境，同时因为Node更新速度就像喝汤容易导致Linux系统版本或者内核版本低而不支持的问题。
