spring事务失效的几种情况与原因
1.service没有托管给spring
public class TranInvalidCaseWithoutInjectSpring { private UserService userService; public TranInvalidCaseWithoutInjectSpring(UserService userService) { this.userService = userService; } @Transactional public boolean add(User user){ boolean isSuccess = userService.save(user); int i = 1 % 0; return isSuccess; } }
@Test public void testServiceWithoutInjectSpring(){ boolean randomBoolean = new Random().nextBoolean(); TranInvalidCaseWithoutInjectSpring tranInvalidCaseWithoutInjectSpring; if(randomBoolean){ tranInvalidCaseWithoutInjectSpring = applicationContext.getBean(TranInvalidCaseWithoutInjectSpring.class); System.out.println("service已经被spring托管"); }else{ tranInvalidCaseWithoutInjectSpring = new TranInvalidCaseWithoutInjectSpring(userService); System.out.println("service没被spring托管"); } boolean isSuccess = tranInvalidCaseWithoutInjectSpring.add(user); Assert.assertTrue(isSuccess); }
失效原因： spring事务生效的前提是，service必须是一个bean对象
解决方案： 将service注入spring
2.抛出受检异常
@Service public class TranInvalidCaseByThrowCheckException { @Autowired private UserService userService; @Transactional public boolean add(User user) throws FileNotFoundException { boolean isSuccess = userService.save(user); new FileInputStream("1.txt"); return isSuccess; } }
@Test public void testThrowCheckException() throws Exception{ boolean randomBoolean = new Random().nextBoolean(); boolean isSuccess = false; TranInvalidCaseByThrowCheckException tranInvalidCaseByThrowCheckException = applicationContext.getBean(TranInvalidCaseByThrowCheckException.class); if(randomBoolean){ System.out.println("配置@Transactional(rollbackFor = Exception.class)"); isSuccess = tranInvalidCaseByThrowCheckException.save(user); }else{ System.out.println("配置@Transactional"); tranInvalidCaseByThrowCheckException.add(user); } Assert.assertTrue(isSuccess); }
失效原因： spring默认只会回滚非检查异常和error异常
解决方案： 配置rollbackFor
3.业务自己捕获了异常
@Transactional public boolean add(User user) { boolean isSuccess = userService.save(user); try { int i = 1 % 0; } catch (Exception e) { } return isSuccess; }
@Test public void testCatchExecption() throws Exception{ boolean randomBoolean = new Random().nextBoolean(); boolean isSuccess = false; TranInvalidCaseWithCatchException tranInvalidCaseByThrowCheckException = applicationContext.getBean(TranInvalidCaseWithCatchException.class); if(randomBoolean){ randomBoolean = new Random().nextBoolean(); if(randomBoolean){ System.out.println("将异常原样抛出"); tranInvalidCaseByThrowCheckException.save(user); }else{ System.out.println("设置TransactionAspectSupport.currentTransactionStatus().setRollbackOnly();"); tranInvalidCaseByThrowCheckException.addWithRollBack(user); } }else{ System.out.println("业务自己捕获了异常"); tranInvalidCaseByThrowCheckException.add(user); } Assert.assertTrue(isSuccess); }
失效原因： spring事务只有捕捉到了业务抛出去的异常，才能进行后续的处理，如果业务自己捕获了异常，则事务无法感知。
解决方案： 1、将异常原样抛出； 2、设置TransactionAspectSupport.currentTransactionStatus().setRollbackOnly();
4.切面顺序导致
@Service public class TranInvalidCaseWithAopSort { @Autowired private UserService userService; @Transactional public boolean save(User user) { boolean isSuccess = userService.save(user); try { int i = 1 % 0; } catch (Exception e) { throw new RuntimeException(); } return isSuccess; } }
@Aspect @Component @Slf4j public class AopAspect { @Around(value = " execution (* com.github.lybgeek.transcase.aopsort..*.*(..))") public Object around(ProceedingJoinPoint pjp){ try { System.out.println("这是一个切面"); return pjp.proceed(); } catch (Throwable throwable) { log.error("{}",throwable); } return null; } }
失效原因： spring事务切面的优先级顺序最低，但如果自定义的切面优先级和他一样，且自定义的切面没有正确处理异常，则会同业务自己捕获异常的那种场景一样
解决方案： 1、在切面中将异常原样抛出； 2、在切面中设置TransactionAspectSupport.currentTransactionStatus().setRollbackOnly();
5.非public方法
@Service public class TranInvalidCaseWithAccessPerm { @Autowired private UserService userService; @Transactional protected boolean save(User user){ boolean isSuccess = userService.save(user); try { int i = 1 % 0; } catch (Exception e) { throw new RuntimeException(); } return isSuccess; } }
public class TranInvalidCaseWithAccessPermTest { public static void main(String[] args) { ConfigurableApplicationContext context = SpringApplication.run(Application.class); TranInvalidCaseWithAccessPerm tranInvalidCaseWithAccessPerm = context.getBean(TranInvalidCaseWithAccessPerm.class); boolean isSuccess = tranInvalidCaseWithAccessPerm.save(UserUtils.getUser()); System.out.println(isSuccess); } }
失效原因： spring事务默认生效的方法权限都必须为public
解决方案：
1、将方法改为public；
2、修改TansactionAttributeSource,将publicMethodsOnly改为false
6.父子容器
失效原因： 子容器扫描范围过大，将未加事务配置的serivce扫描进来
解决方案： 1、父子容器个扫个的范围； 2、不用父子容器，所有bean都交给同一容器管理
注： 因为示例是使用springboot，而springboot启动默认没有父子容器,只有一个容器，因此就该场景就演示示例了
7.方法用final修饰
@Transactional public final boolean add(User user, UserService userService) { boolean isSuccess = userService.save(user); try { int i = 1 % 0; } catch (Exception e) { throw new RuntimeException(); } return isSuccess; }
失效原因： 因为spring事务是用动态代理实现，因此如果方法使用了final修饰，则代理类无法对目标方法进行重写，植入事务功能
解决方案： 1、方法不要用final修饰
8.方法用static修饰
@Transactional public static boolean save(User user, UserService userService) { boolean isSuccess = userService.save(user); try { int i = 1 % 0; } catch (Exception e) { throw new RuntimeException(); } return isSuccess; }
失效原因： 原因和final一样
解决方案： 1、方法不要用static修饰
9.调用本类方法
public boolean save(User user) { return this.saveUser(user); } @Transactional public boolean saveUser(User user) { boolean isSuccess = userService.save(user); try { int i = 1 % 0; } catch (Exception e) { throw new RuntimeException(); } return isSuccess; }
失效原因： 本类方法不经过代理，无法进行增强
解决方案： 1、注入自己来调用； 2、使用@EnableAspectJAutoProxy(exposeProxy = true) + AopContext.currentProxy()
10.多线程调用
@Transactional(rollbackFor = Exception.class) public boolean save(User user) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException { Future future = executorService.submit(() -> { boolean isSuccess = userService.save(user); try { int i = 1 % 0; } catch (Exception e) { throw new Exception(); } return isSuccess; }); return future.get(); }
失效原因： 因为spring的事务是通过数据库连接来实现，而数据库连接spring是放在threadLocal里面。同一个事务，只能用同一个数据库连接。而多线程场景下，拿到的数据库连接是不一样的，即是属于不同事务
11.错误的传播行为
@Transactional(propagation = Propagation.NOT_SUPPORTED) public boolean save(User user) { boolean isSuccess = userService.save(user); try { int i = 1 % 0; } catch (Exception e) { throw new RuntimeException(); } return isSuccess; }
失效原因： 使用的传播特性不支持事务
12.使用了不支持事务的存储引擎
失效原因： 使用了不支持事务的存储引擎。比如mysql中的MyISAM
13.数据源没有配置事务管理器
注： 因为springboot，他默认已经开启事务管理器。org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceTransactionManagerAutoConfiguration。因此示例略过
14.被代理的类过早实例化
@Service public class TranInvalidCaseInstantiatedTooEarly implements BeanPostProcessor , Ordered { @Autowired private UserService userService; @Transactional public boolean save(User user) { boolean isSuccess = userService.save(user); try { int i = 1 % 0; } catch (Exception e) { throw new RuntimeException(); } return isSuccess; } @Override public int getOrder() { return 1; } }
失效原因： 当代理类的实例化早于AbstractAutoProxyCreator后置处理器，就无法被AbstractAutoProxyCreator后置处理器增强
总结
本文列举了14种spring事务失效的场景，其实这14种里面有很多都是归根结底都是属于同一类问题引起，比如因为动态代理原因、方法限定符原因、异常类型原因等
