官网说明 ngx_http_proxy_module
https://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_proxy_module.html
proxy_cache_path
Syntax: proxy_cache_path path [levels=levels] [use_temp_path=on|off] keys_zone=name:size [inactive=time] [max_size=size] [min_free=size] [manager_files=number] [manager_sleep=time] [manager_threshold=time] [loader_files=number] [loader_sleep=time] [loader_threshold=time] [purger=on|off] [purger_files=number] [purger_sleep=time] [purger_threshold=time]; Default: — Context: http
proxy_cache_key
Syntax: proxy_cache_key string; Default: proxy_cache_key $scheme$proxy_host$request_uri; Context: http, server, location
Defines a key for caching, for example
proxy_cache_key "$host$request_uri $cookie_user";
By default, the directive’s value is close to the string
proxy_cache_key $scheme$proxy_host$uri$is_args$args;
proxy_cache_valid
Syntax: proxy_cache_valid [code ...] time; Default: — Context: http, server, location
Sets caching time for different response codes. For example, the following directives
proxy_cache_valid 200 302 10m; proxy_cache_valid 404 1m;
set 10 minutes of caching for responses with codes 200 and 302 and 1 minute for responses with code 404.
If only caching time is specified
proxy_cache_valid 5m;
hen only 200, 301, and 302 responses are cached.
In addition, the any parameter can be specified to cache any responses:
proxy_cache_valid 200 302 10m; proxy_cache_valid 301 1h; proxy_cache_valid any 1m;
Parameters of caching can also be set directly in the response header. This has higher priority than setting of caching time using the directive.
The “X-Accel-Expires” header field sets caching time of a response in seconds. The zero value disables caching for a response. If the value starts with the @ prefix, it sets an absolute time in seconds since Epoch, up to which the response may be cached.
If the header does not include the “X-Accel-Expires” field, parameters of caching may be set in the header fields “Expires” or “Cache-Control”.
If the header includes the “Set-Cookie” field, such a response will not be cached.
If the header includes the “Vary” field with the special value “*”, such a response will not be cached (1.7.7). If the header includes the “Vary” field with another value, such a response will be cached taking into account the corresponding request header fields (1.7.7).
Processing of one or more of these response header fields can be disabled using the proxy_ignore_headers directive.
其他参数 按需
实操
环境
nginx 8888 作为反向代理 ， 转发到 后端服务 9999 （用nginx模拟）
nginx 8888 反向代理配置
[root@VM-0-7-centos conf]# cat nginx.conf user root; worker_processes 1; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; proxy_cache_path /tmp/nginxcache levels=1:2 keys_zone=my_cache:10m max_size=10g inactive=60m use_temp_path=off; sendfile on; keepalive_timeout 65; gzip on; gzip_min_length 20; gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml text/javascript application/x-httpd-php image/jpeg image/gif image/png; upstream local { server 127.0.0.1:9999; # 用nginx 模拟 后端的服务 } server { listen 8888; server_name artisan.nginx.pub; location / { proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_cache my_cache; proxy_cache_key $host$uri$is_args$args; proxy_cache_valid 200 304 302 1d; proxy_pass http://local; } error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } } }
重点看
proxy_cache_path /tmp/nginxcache levels=1:2 keys_zone=my_cache:10m max_size=10g inactive=60m use_temp_path=off;
和
proxy_cache my_cache; proxy_cache_key $host$uri$is_args$args; proxy_cache_valid 200 304 302 1d;
重启服务
[root@VM-0-7-centos artisan_ng]# pwd /root/ng/artisan_ng [root@VM-0-7-centos artisan_ng]# ./sbin/nginx -c ./conf/nginx.conf [root@VM-0-7-centos artisan_ng]# [root@VM-0-7-centos artisan_ng]# ps -ef|grep nginx root 841577 1 0 11:26 ? 00:00:00 nginx: master process ./sbin/nginx -c ./conf/nginx.conf root 841578 841577 0 11:26 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process root 841579 841577 0 11:26 ? 00:00:00 nginx: cache manager process root 841580 841577 0 11:26 ? 00:00:00 nginx: cache loader process root 841605 841385 0 11:26 pts/5 00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx [root@VM-0-7-centos artisan_ng]# [root@VM-0-7-centos artisan_ng]# [root@VM-0-7-centos artisan_ng]#
查看nginx的进程，会发现 多了 两个进程 nginx: cache manager 和 nginx: cache loader
nginx 9999 配置 (Mock后端服务)
user root; worker_processes 1; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; sendfile on; keepalive_timeout 65; gzip on; gzip_min_length 20; gzip_types *; server { listen 127.0.0.1:9999; # 仅允许本地访问 #listen 9999; server_name localhost; location / { alias document/; # 模拟静态资源文件 } # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } }
重启 nginx
[root@VM-0-7-centos ng]# cd artisan_ng_backserver/ [root@VM-0-7-centos artisan_ng_backserver]# ll total 40 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Oct 4 10:12 client_body_temp drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Oct 4 10:43 conf drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Oct 4 10:12 document drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Oct 4 10:12 fastcgi_temp drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Oct 4 10:12 html drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Oct 4 10:12 logs drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Oct 4 10:12 proxy_temp drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 4096 Oct 4 10:12 sbin drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Oct 4 10:12 scgi_temp drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Oct 4 10:12 uwsgi_temp [root@VM-0-7-centos artisan_ng_backserver]# ./sbin/nginx -c /root/ng/artisan_ng_backserver/conf/nginx.conf [root@VM-0-7-centos artisan_ng_backserver]# [root@VM-0-7-centos artisan_ng_backserver]#
验证
[root@VM-0-7-centos tmp]# /root/ng/artisan_ng/sbin/nginx -c /root/ng/artisan_ng/conf/nginx.conf [root@VM-0-7-centos tmp]# [root@VM-0-7-centos tmp]# [root@VM-0-7-centos tmp]# /root/ng/artisan_ng_backserver/sbin/nginx -c /root/ng/artisan_ng_backserver/conf/nginx.conf [root@VM-0-7-centos tmp]# [root@VM-0-7-centos tmp]# [root@VM-0-7-centos tmp]# [root@VM-0-7-centos tmp]# ps -ef|grep nginx root 847458 1 0 12:04 ? 00:00:00 nginx: master process /root/ng/artisan_ng/sbin/nginx -c /root/ng/artisan_ng/conf/nginx.conf root 847459 847458 0 12:04 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process root 847460 847458 0 12:04 ? 00:00:00 nginx: cache manager process root 847461 847458 0 12:04 ? 00:00:00 nginx: cache loader process root 847512 1 0 12:05 ? 00:00:00 nginx: master process /root/ng/artisan_ng_backserver/sbin/nginx -c /root/ng/artisan_ng_backserver/conf/nginx.conf root 847513 847512 0 12:05 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process root 847533 841385 0 12:05 pts/5 00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx [root@VM-0-7-centos tmp]# [root@VM-0-7-centos tmp]# [root@VM-0-7-centos tmp]# ll total 4 drwx------ 2 root root 4096 Oct 4 12:04 nginxcache -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Oct 4 12:04 stargate.lock [root@VM-0-7-centos tmp]# [root@VM-0-7-centos tmp]# [root@VM-0-7-centos tmp]# 启动后 就有 nginxcache 目录了，只不过为空 [root@VM-0-7-centos tmp]# cd nginxcache/ [root@VM-0-7-centos nginxcache]# ll total 0 [root@VM-0-7-centos nginxcache]#
我们看到 2个 进程都起好了 .
访问 http://ip:8888/a.html
查看/tmp/nginxcache目录
[root@VM-0-7-centos nginxcache]# ll total 4 drwx------ 3 root root 4096 Oct 4 12:05 b [root@VM-0-7-centos nginxcache]# [root@VM-0-7-centos nginxcache]# tree b/ b/ └── d0 └── a2621ddcb53455c06f238e9b4e5a1d0b 1 directory, 1 file [root@VM-0-7-centos nginxcache]#
停掉 9999 后台服务
[root@VM-0-7-centos nginxcache]# netstat -anp|grep 9999 tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:9999 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 847512/nginx: maste tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:9999 127.0.0.1:45968 TIME_WAIT - [root@VM-0-7-centos nginxcache]# kill 847512 [root@VM-0-7-centos nginxcache]# [root@VM-0-7-centos nginxcache]# [root@VM-0-7-centos nginxcache]#
再此访问 http://ip:8888/a.html
如果删掉 b 这个目录呢 （后台服务也是停掉的）
再次启动9999 ，一切正常了，又重新缓存了
[root@VM-0-7-centos nginxcache]# /root/ng/artisan_ng_backserver/sbin/nginx -c /root/ng/artisan_ng_backserver/conf/nginx.conf [root@VM-0-7-centos nginxcache]# [root@VM-0-7-centos nginxcache]# [root@VM-0-7-centos nginxcache]# netstat -anp|grep 9999 tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:9999 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 848053/nginx: maste [root@VM-0-7-centos nginxcache]# [root@VM-0-7-centos nginxcache]# ll total 4 drwx------ 3 root root 4096 Oct 4 12:09 b [root@VM-0-7-centos nginxcache]# [root@VM-0-7-centos nginxcache]# [root@VM-0-7-centos nginxcache]# [root@VM-0-7-centos nginxcache]# [root@VM-0-7-centos nginxcache]# tree b/ b/ └── d0 └── a2621ddcb53455c06f238e9b4e5a1d0b 1 directory, 1 file [root@VM-0-7-centos nginxcache]#
又重新缓存了。
