为什么会出现这个技术？需要解决哪些问题？
在微服务框架中，一个由客户端发起的请求在后端系统中会经过多个不同的的服务节点调用来协同产生最后的请求结果，每一个前段请求都会形成一条复杂的分布式服务调用链路，链路中的任何一环出现高延时或错误都会引起整个请求最后的失败。
是什么
学习地址
https://github.com/spring-cloud/spring-cloud-sleuth
Spring Cloud Sleuth提供了一套完整的服务跟踪的解决方案
在分布式系统中提供追踪解决方案并且兼容支持了zipkin
搭建链路监控步骤
zipkin
SpringCloud从F版起已不需要自己构建Zipkin Server了，只需调用jar包即可
下载地址
https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/io/zipkin/zipkin-server/
运行jar包
java -jar zipkin-server-2.12.9-exec.jar
测试1：
访问http://localhost:9411/zipkin/
术语
完整的调用链路
表示一请求链路，一条链路通过Trace Id唯一标识，Span标识发起的请求信息，各span通过parent id 关联起来
一条链路通过Trace Id唯一标识，Span标识发起的请求信息，各span通过parent id 关联起来
名词解释
Trace:类似于树结构的Span集合，表示一条调用链路，存在唯一标识
span:表示调用链路来源，通俗的理解span就是一次请求信息
服务提供者cloud-provider-payment8001
POM文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <parent> <artifactId>mscloud03</artifactId> <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <artifactId>cloud-provider-payment8001</artifactId> <dependencies> <!--包含了sleuth+zipkin--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zipkin</artifactId> </dependency> <!--eureka-client--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>1.1.10</version> </dependency> <!--mysql-connector-java--> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> </dependency> <!--jdbc--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>
yml文件
server: port: 8001 spring: application: name: cloud-payment-service zipkin: base-url: http://localhost:9411 sleuth: sampler: #采样率值介于 0 到 1 之间，1 则表示全部采集 probability: 1 datasource: type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource # 当前数据源操作类型 driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver # mysql驱动包 url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/2019db?useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&serverTimezone=UTC username: root password: newroot mybatis: mapperLocations: classpath:mapper/*.xml type-aliases-package: com.lun.springcloud.entities # 所有Entity别名类所在包 eureka: client: #表示是否将自己注册进EurekaServer默认为true。 register-with-eureka: true #是否从EurekaServer抓取已有的注册信息，默认为true。单节点无所谓，集群必须设置为true才能配合ribbon使用负载均衡 fetchRegistry: true service-url: defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka # 集群版 # defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/eureka instance: instance-id: payment8001 prefer-ip-address: true
spring: application: name: cloud-payment-service zipkin: base-url: http://localhost:9411 sleuth: sampler: #采样率值介于 0 到 1 之间，1 则表示全部采集 probability: 1
服务注册中心7001端口自行注册
业务类
@RestController @Slf4j public class PaymentController { @GetMapping("/payment/zipkin") public String paymentZipkin() { return "hi ,i'am paymentzipkin server fall back，welcome to atguigu，O(∩_∩)O哈哈~"; } }
服务消费者(调用方)
pom文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <parent> <artifactId>mscloud03</artifactId> <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <artifactId>cloud-consumer-order80</artifactId> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-ribbon</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId> </dependency> <!--包含了sleuth+zipkin--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zipkin</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency><!-- 引入自己定义的api通用包，可以使用Payment支付Entity --> <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId> <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId> <version>${project.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>
yml文件
server: port: 80 spring: application: name: cloud-order-service zipkin: base-url: http://localhost:9411 sleuth: sampler: probability: 1 eureka: client: #表示是否将自己注册进EurekaServer默认为true。 register-with-eureka: true #是否从EurekaServer抓取已有的注册信息，默认为true。单节点无所谓，集群必须设置为true才能配合ribbon使用负载均衡 fetchRegistry: true service-url: #defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka/,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka/ defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka
业务类
@RestController @Slf4j public class orderController { @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/zipkin") public String paymentZipkin() { String result = restTemplate.getForObject("http://localhost:8001"+"/payment/zipkin/", String.class); return result; } }
测试：
打开浏览器访问：http://localhost:9411
查看依赖关系
原理图：
