第十二章-SpringBoot 与任务和邮件
异步任务
package com.example.demo; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableAsync; @SpringBootApplication @EnableAsync // 开启异步任务 public class DemoApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args); } } package com.example.demo.service; import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Async; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; @Service public class AsyncService { @Async // 异步任务 public void task(){ try { Thread.sleep(3000); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } System.out.println("task success"); } } package com.example.demo.controller; import com.example.demo.service.AsyncService; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; @RestController public class AsyncController { @Autowired AsyncService asyncService; @GetMapping("/task") public String task(){ asyncService.task(); return "success"; } }
定时任务
@EnableScheduling
@Scheduled
Cron 表达式
特殊字符含义
, 枚举
- 区间
* 任意
/ 步长
? 日/星期冲突匹配
L 最后
W 工作日
C 和Calendar联系后计算过的值
# 星期，4#2 第2个星期四
Cron 示例
# 秒 分 时 日 月 周
0 0/5 14,18 * * ? # 每天14点和18点整，每隔5分钟执行一次
0 15 10 ？ * 1-6 # 每个月的周一至周六，10:15执行一次
0 0 2 ? * 6L # 每个月的最后一个周六凌晨2点执行一次
0 0 2 LW * ? # 每隔月的最后一个工作日凌晨2点执行一次
0 0 2-4 ? * 1#1 # 每个月的第一个周一凌晨2点到4点，每个整点执行一次
@EnableScheduling // 开启定时任务 @SpringBootApplication public class DemoApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args); } }
package com.example.demo.service; import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; @Service public class ScheduleService { /** * second, minute, hour, day of month, month, day of week. */ @Scheduled(cron = "0 * * * * MON-FRI") public void task(){ System.out.println("run task"); } }
发送邮件
增加依赖
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId> </dependency>
配置账号信息
spring: # 163邮箱发送邮件 mail: host: smtp.163.com port: 25 username: xxx@163.com password: xxx
发送邮件
package com.example.demo; package com.example.demo; import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest; import org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage; import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl; import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper; import javax.mail.MessagingException; import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage; import java.io.File; @SpringBootTest public class MailTest { @Autowired private JavaMailSenderImpl mailSender; // 发送简单邮件 @Test public void testSimpleMail(){ SimpleMailMessage message = new SimpleMailMessage(); message.setSubject("邮件主题"); message.setText("邮件内容"); message.setFrom("xxx@163.com"); message.setTo("xxx@qq.com"); mailSender.send(message); } // 发送复杂邮件 @Test public void testMail() throws MessagingException { MimeMessage mimeMessage = mailSender.createMimeMessage(); MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage, true); helper.setSubject("邮件主题"); helper.setText("<span style='color:red;'>邮件内容</span>", true); helper.setFrom("xxx@163.com"); helper.setTo("xxx@qq.com"); // 上传文件 helper.addAttachment("timg.jpeg", new File("timg.jpeg")); mailSender.send(mimeMessage); } }
