pip
pip(Python Package Index)是一个以 Python 语言写成的软件包管理系統，使用 pip 可以非常方便的安装和管理 python 软件包
帮助文档
pip --help ░▒▓ ✔ 10:41:20 Usage: pip <command> [options] Commands: install Install packages. download Download packages. uninstall Uninstall packages. freeze Output installed packages in requirements format. list List installed packages. show Show information about installed packages. check Verify installed packages have compatible dependencies. config Manage local and global configuration. search Search PyPI for packages. cache Inspect and manage pip's wheel cache. index Inspect information available from package indexes. wheel Build wheels from your requirements. hash Compute hashes of package archives. completion A helper command used for command completion. debug Show information useful for debugging. help Show help for commands. General Options: -h, --help Show help. --isolated Run pip in an isolated mode, ignoring environment variables and user configuration. -v, --verbose Give more output. Option is additive, and can be used up to 3 times. -V, --version Show version and exit. -q, --quiet Give less output. Option is additive, and can be used up to 3 times (corresponding to WARNING, ERROR, and CRITICAL logging levels). --log <path> Path to a verbose appending log. --no-input Disable prompting for input. --proxy <proxy> Specify a proxy in the form [user:passwd@]proxy.server:port. --retries <retries> Maximum number of retries each connection should attempt (default 5 times). --timeout <sec> Set the socket timeout (default 15 seconds). --exists-action <action> Default action when a path already exists: (s)witch, (i)gnore, (w)ipe, (b)ackup, (a)bort. --trusted-host <hostname> Mark this host or host:port pair as trusted, even though it does not have valid or any HTTPS. --cert <path> Path to PEM-encoded CA certificate bundle. If provided, overrides the default. See 'SSL Certificate Verification' in pip documentation for more information. --client-cert <path> Path to SSL client certificate, a single file containing the private key and the certificate in PEM format. --cache-dir <dir> Store the cache data in <dir>. --no-cache-dir Disable the cache. --disable-pip-version-check Don't periodically check PyPI to determine whether a new version of pip is available for download. Implied with --no-index. --no-color Suppress colored output. --no-python-version-warning Silence deprecation warnings for upcoming unsupported Pythons. --use-feature <feature> Enable new functionality, that may be backward incompatible. --use-deprecated <feature> Enable deprecated functionality, that will be removed in the future.
版本
pip --version # Python2.x 版本命令
pip3 --version # Python3.x 版本命令
升级 pip
pip install -U pip
列出已安装的包
pip list
pip freeze
安装包
五种方式
pip install [options] <requirement specifier> [package-index-options] ... pip install [options] -r <requirements file> [package-index-options] ... pip install [options] [-e] <vcs project url> ... pip install [options] [-e] <local project path> ... pip install [options] <archive url/path> ...
常用一
pip install [options] [package-index-options]
栗子
pip install request
指定版本安装
pip install package # 最新版本
pip install package==1.0.4 # 指定版本
pip install'package>=1.0.4' # 最小版本
指定国内源安装
pip install -i https://pypi.douban.com/simple/ package
国内源
清华：https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple 阿里云：http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/ 中国科技大学 https://pypi.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/simple/ 华中理工大学：http://pypi.hustunique.com/ 山东理工大学：http://pypi.sdutlinux.org/ 豆瓣：http://pypi.douban.com/simple/
常用二
pip install [options] -r [package-index-options]
通过 requirements 文件批量安装软件包
生成 requirements.txt 文件
https://www.cnblogs.com/poloyy/p/13953232.html
批量安装软件包
pip install -r requirements.txt
下载包但不安装
pip install <包名> -d <目录>
pip install -d <目录> -r requirements.txt
卸载包
pip uninstall package
pip uninstall -r requirements.txt
更新包
pip install --upgrade package
pip install -U package # --upgrade 可简写为 -U
显示包所在的目录
pip show -f <包名>
查询可升级的包
pip list --outdated # 列出所有过期的库
pip list -o # --outdated的简写，列出所有过期的库
卸载 pip
python -m pip uninstall pip
