题目
Table: Users
+----------------+---------+ | Column Name | Type | +----------------+---------+ | user_id | int | | join_date | date | | favorite_brand | varchar | +----------------+---------+ 此表主键是 user_id。 表中描述了购物网站的用户信息，用户可以在此网站上进行商品买卖。
Table: Orders
+---------------+---------+ | Column Name | Type | +---------------+---------+ | order_id | int | | order_date | date | | item_id | int | | buyer_id | int | | seller_id | int | +---------------+---------+ 此表主键是 order_id。 外键是 item_id 和（buyer_id，seller_id）。
Table: Items
+---------------+---------+ | Column Name | Type | +---------------+---------+ | item_id | int | | item_brand | varchar | +---------------+---------+ 此表主键是 item_id。
请写出一条SQL语句以查询每个用户的注册日期和在 2019 年作为买家的订单总数。
以 任意顺序 返回结果表。
查询结果格式如下。
示例 1:
输入： Users 表: +---------+------------+----------------+ | user_id | join_date | favorite_brand | +---------+------------+----------------+ | 1 | 2018-01-01 | Lenovo | | 2 | 2018-02-09 | Samsung | | 3 | 2018-01-19 | LG | | 4 | 2018-05-21 | HP | +---------+------------+----------------+ Orders 表: +----------+------------+---------+----------+-----------+ | order_id | order_date | item_id | buyer_id | seller_id | +----------+------------+---------+----------+-----------+ | 1 | 2019-08-01 | 4 | 1 | 2 | | 2 | 2018-08-02 | 2 | 1 | 3 | | 3 | 2019-08-03 | 3 | 2 | 3 | | 4 | 2018-08-04 | 1 | 4 | 2 | | 5 | 2018-08-04 | 1 | 3 | 4 | | 6 | 2019-08-05 | 2 | 2 | 4 | +----------+------------+---------+----------+-----------+ Items 表: +---------+------------+ | item_id | item_brand | +---------+------------+ | 1 | Samsung | | 2 | Lenovo | | 3 | LG | | 4 | HP | +---------+------------+ 输出： +-----------+------------+----------------+ | buyer_id | join_date | orders_in_2019 | +-----------+------------+----------------+ | 1 | 2018-01-01 | 1 | | 2 | 2018-02-09 | 2 | | 3 | 2018-01-19 | 0 | | 4 | 2018-05-21 | 0 | +-----------+------------+----------------+
解题
注意要用and year(order_date)='2019’而不能用where year(order_date)=‘2019’
由于left join，使用前者可以保留user_id
如果使用后者，会滤去user_id
select Users.user_id as buyer_id, Users.join_date as join_date, count(order_id) as orders_in_2019 from Users left join Orders on Users.user_id=Orders.buyer_id and year(order_date)='2019' group by Users.user_id;
