SwiftUI—使用TextField文本输入框接收用户的数据

struct ContentView : View {
    @State var username : String //用于接收用户在TextField中输入的内容，并在左侧添加@state关键词
//@State是指属性代理，它表示username属性将和界面上的元素进行绑定。当属性的值发生变化时，SwiftUI会立即通知绑定的视觉元素进行内容的更新
    @State var nickname : String
    var body: some View {
        VStack{
            Text("Your username is \(username)!") //由于username属性拥有@State标记，所以一旦username属性的值发生变化，文本视图上的文字内容也会立即刷新
            Text("Your nickname is \(nickname)!")
            TextField("User Name", text: $username, onEditingChanged: { (value) in //设置text属性为username的值，$是指Binding wrapper绑定包装，表示可以修改属性的值
                print("onEditingChanged:\(self.username)") //当用户修改文本输入框里的内容时，在控制台输出属性的值，实时观察属性的值的变化
            }) {
                print("onCommit:\(self.username)") //当用户完成文本框里的输入时，在控制台输出username属性的值
            }.textFieldStyle(RoundedBorderTextFieldStyle()) //设置TextField的样式为圆角边框样式
            TextField("Nick Name", text: $nickname)
                .textFieldStyle(RoundedBorderTextFieldStyle()) 
        }
        .padding()
        //只有实时预览模式才可以和界面中的元素进行交互
    } //通过绑定包装特性，即可实现界面元素和数据内容的实时绑定
}
#if DEBUG
struct ContentView_Previews : PreviewProvider {
    static var previews: some View {
        ContentView(username: "", nickname: "") //由于给ContentView结构体添加了两个属性，所以需要更新PreviewProvider的属性的值，这样才可以在右侧的预览窗口显示正确的内容
    }
}
#endif

class SceneDelegate: UIResponder, UIWindowSceneDelegate {
    var window: UIWindow?
    func scene(_ scene: UIScene, willConnectTo session: UISceneSession, options connectionOptions: UIScene.ConnectionOptions) {
        // Use this method to optionally configure and attach the UIWindow `window` to the provided UIWindowScene `scene`.
        // If using a storyboard, the `window` property will automatically be initialized and attached to the scene.
        // This delegate does not imply the connecting scene or session are new (see `application:configurationForConnectingSceneSession` instead).
        // Create the SwiftUI view that provides the window contents.
        let contentView = ContentView(username: "", nickname: "") //由于ContentView新增了两个属性，所以需要修改此处的初始化方法。
        // Use a UIHostingController as window root view controller.
        if let windowScene = scene as? UIWindowScene {
            let window = UIWindow(windowScene: windowScene)
            window.rootViewController = UIHostingController(rootView: contentView)
            self.window = window
            window.makeKeyAndVisible()
        }
    }
    func sceneDidDisconnect(_ scene: UIScene) {
        // Called as the scene is being released by the system.
        // This occurs shortly after the scene enters the background, or when its session is discarded.
        // Release any resources associated with this scene that can be re-created the next time the scene connects.
        // The scene may re-connect later, as its session was not neccessarily discarded (see `application:didDiscardSceneSessions` instead).
    }
    func sceneDidBecomeActive(_ scene: UIScene) {
        // Called when the scene has moved from an inactive state to an active state.
        // Use this method to restart any tasks that were paused (or not yet started) when the scene was inactive.
    }
    func sceneWillResignActive(_ scene: UIScene) {
        // Called when the scene will move from an active state to an inactive state.
        // This may occur due to temporary interruptions (ex. an incoming phone call).
    }
    func sceneWillEnterForeground(_ scene: UIScene) {
        // Called as the scene transitions from the background to the foreground.
        // Use this method to undo the changes made on entering the background.
    }
    func sceneDidEnterBackground(_ scene: UIScene) {
        // Called as the scene transitions from the foreground to the background.
        // Use this method to save data, release shared resources, and store enough scene-specific state information
        // to restore the scene back to its current state.
    }
}