一文搞懂使用Go语言快速搭建HTTP服务

第一个http程序：Hello World

package main

import "net/http"

//最简单的HTTP服务
func RunHttp1() {
   http.HandleFunc("/", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
      w.Write([]byte("Hello Http!"))
   })
   http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil)
}

func main() {
   RunHttp1()
}

PostMan测试：

一般请求

一般参数请求：

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "net/http"
)

func GetMethod1() {
   http.HandleFunc("/", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
      //获取参数
      str := r.URL.Query().Get("str")
      fmt.Println("Get Method Str is " + str)
      w.Write([]byte("Hello Http Get!"))
   })
   http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil)
}


func main() {
    GetMethod1()
}

测试：

表单请求

package main

import (
   "fmt"
   "net/http"
   "strconv"
)

type Student struct {
   Name string
   Age  int
}

func GetMethod2() {
   http.HandleFunc("/", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
      //获取参数
      name := r.URL.Query().Get("name")
      age := r.URL.Query().Get("age")
      //将string类型转为int类型
      ageStr, err := strconv.Atoi(age)
      if err != nil {
         fmt.Println("err...")
      }
      stu := Student{Name: name, Age: ageStr}
      fmt.Println("Get Method Str is ", stu)
      w.Write([]byte("Hello Http Get Form!"))
   })
   http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil)
}

func main() {
   GetMethod2()
}

JSON格式的HTTP报文

package main

import (
   "encoding/json"
   "fmt"
   "io/ioutil"
   "net/http"
)

//自定义结构体 对应JSON结构体
type Student struct {
   Id   int64  `json:"id"`
   Name string `json:"name"`
   Age  int    `json:"age"`
}

func TakeJSON() {
   http.HandleFunc("/", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
      //获取请求方法
      fmt.Println("req method : ", r.Method)
      //获取请求题
      body, err := ioutil.ReadAll(r.Body)
      if err != nil {
         fmt.Printf("获取请求体错误 , %v\n", err)
         return
      }
      fmt.Println("请求体 :", string(body))
      //将请求的JSON转化为结构体
      var stu Student
      if err = json.Unmarshal(body, &stu); err != nil {
         fmt.Printf("反序列化失败 , %v\n", err)
         return
      }
      fmt.Printf("反序列化成功，JSON解析结果 %+v", stu)
      w.Write([]byte("Hello Http Get Form!"))
   })
   http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil)
}

func main() {
   TakeJSON()
}