springboot整合shiro应用-阿里云开发者社区

1、Shiro是Apache下的一个开源项目，我们称之为Apache Shiro。它是一个很易用与Java项目的的安全框架，提供了认证、授权、加密、会话管理，与spring Security 一样都是做一个权限的安全框架，但是与Spring Security 相比，在于 Shiro 使用了比较简单易懂易于使用的授权方式。shiro属于轻量级框架，相对于security简单的多，也没有security那么复杂。所以我这里也是简单介绍一下shiro的使用。

2、非常简单；其基本功能点如下图所示：

Authentication：身份认证/登录，验证用户是不是拥有相应的身份；

Authorization：授权，即权限验证，验证某个已认证的用户是否拥有某个权限；即判断用户是否能做事情，常见的如：验证某个用户是否拥有某个角色。或者细粒度的验证某个用户对某个资源是否具有某个权限；

Session Manager：会话管理，即用户登录后就是一次会话，在没有退出之前，它的所有信息都在会话中；会话可以是普通JavaSE环境的，也可以是如Web环境的；

Cryptography：加密，保护数据的安全性，如密码加密存储到数据库，而不是明文存储；

Web Support：Web支持，可以非常容易的集成到Web环境；

Caching：缓存，比如用户登录后，其用户信息、拥有的角色/权限不必每次去查，这样可以提高效率；

Concurrency：shiro支持多线程应用的并发验证，即如在一个线程中开启另一个线程，能把权限自动传播过去；

Testing：提供测试支持；

Run As：允许一个用户假装为另一个用户（如果他们允许）的身份进行访问；

Remember Me：记住我，这个是非常常见的功能，即一次登录后，下次再来的话不用登录了。

记住一点，Shiro不会去维护用户、维护权限；这些需要我们自己去设计/提供；然后通过相应的接口注入给Shiro即可。

3、这里我就简单介绍一下springboot和shiro整合与基本使用。

　　1）目录结构

　　2）需要的基础包：pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.troy</groupId>
    <artifactId>springshiro</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.5.6.RELEASE</version>
    </parent>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            <version>1.5.6.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
            <version>1.5.6.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-autoconfigure</artifactId>
            <version>1.5.6.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-Java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.9</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
            <artifactId>shiro-spring</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.4</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

　　3）基本配置application.yml　　

server:
  port: 8082
spring:
  datasource:
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/spring_shiro?useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8
    username: root
    password: root
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
  jpa:
    show-sql: true
    hibernate:
      ddl-auto: update
  http:
    encoding:
      charset: utf-8
      enabled: true

　　4）这里我们基本需要3个实体，用户，角色和权限

　　(1)角色：User.class

@Entity
public class User {

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
    private Long id;
    @Column(unique = true)
    private String name;
    private Integer password;
    @OneToMany(cascade = CascadeType.ALL,mappedBy = "user")
    private List<Role> roles;

    public Long getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public List<Role> getRoles() {
        return roles;
    }

    public void setRoles(List<Role> roles) {
        this.roles = roles;
    }

    public Integer getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(Integer password) {
        this.password = password;
    }
}

　　注：这里我只考虑一个用户对多个角色，不考虑多对多的关系

　　(2)角色：Role.class

@Entity
public class Role {

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
    private Long id;
    private String roleName;
    @ManyToOne(fetch = FetchType.EAGER)
    private User user;
    @OneToMany(cascade = CascadeType.ALL,mappedBy = "role")
    private List<Permission> permissions;

    public Long getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getRoleName() {
        return roleName;
    }

    public void setRoleName(String roleName) {
        this.roleName = roleName;
    }

    public User getUser() {
        return user;
    }

    public void setUser(User user) {
        this.user = user;
    }

    public List<Permission> getPermissions() {
        return permissions;
    }

    public void setPermissions(List<Permission> permissions) {
        this.permissions = permissions;
    }
}

　　(3)权限：Permission.class

@Entity
public class Permission {

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
    private Long id;
    private String permission;
    @ManyToOne(fetch = FetchType.EAGER)
    private Role role;

    public Long getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getPermission() {
        return permission;
    }

    public void setPermission(String permission) {
        this.permission = permission;
    }

    public Role getRole() {
        return role;
    }

    public void setRole(Role role) {
        this.role = role;
    }
}

　　5）然后就是配置对应的验证，以及过滤条件

　　(1)验证，以及权限的添加MyShiroRealm.class

//实现AuthorizingRealm接口用户用户认证
public class MyShiroRealm extends AuthorizingRealm{

    //用于用户查询
    @Autowired
    private ILoginService loginService;

    //角色权限和对应权限添加
    @Override
    protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) {
        //获取登录用户名
        String name= (String) principalCollection.getPrimaryPrincipal();
        //查询用户名称
        User user = loginService.findByName(name);
        //添加角色和权限
        SimpleAuthorizationInfo simpleAuthorizationInfo = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo();
        for (Role role:user.getRoles()) {
            //添加角色
            simpleAuthorizationInfo.addRole(role.getRoleName());
            for (Permission permission:role.getPermissions()) {
                //添加权限
                simpleAuthorizationInfo.addStringPermission(permission.getPermission());
            }
        }
        return simpleAuthorizationInfo;
    }

    //用户认证
    @Override
    protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException {
        //加这一步的目的是在Post请求的时候会先进认证，然后在到请求
        if (authenticationToken.getPrincipal() == null) {
            return null;
        }
        //获取用户信息
        String name = authenticationToken.getPrincipal().toString();
        User user = loginService.findByName(name);
        if (user == null) {
            //这里返回后会报出对应异常
            return null;
        } else {
            //这里验证authenticationToken和simpleAuthenticationInfo的信息
            SimpleAuthenticationInfo simpleAuthenticationInfo = new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(name, user.getPassword().toString(), getName());
            return simpleAuthenticationInfo;
        }
    }
}

　　(2)过滤配置：ShiroConfiguration.class

@Configuration
public class ShiroConfiguration {

    //将自己的验证方式加入容器
    @Bean
    public MyShiroRealm myShiroRealm() {
        MyShiroRealm myShiroRealm = new MyShiroRealm();
        return myShiroRealm;
    }

    //权限管理，配置主要是Realm的管理认证
    @Bean
    public SecurityManager securityManager() {
        DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager = new DefaultWebSecurityManager();
        securityManager.setRealm(myShiroRealm());
        return securityManager;
    }

    //Filter工厂，设置对应的过滤条件和跳转条件
    @Bean
    public ShiroFilterFactoryBean shiroFilterFactoryBean(SecurityManager securityManager) {
        ShiroFilterFactoryBean shiroFilterFactoryBean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean();
        shiroFilterFactoryBean.setSecurityManager(securityManager);
        Map<String,String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
        //登出
        map.put("/logout","logout");
        //对所有用户认证
        map.put("/**","authc");
        //登录
        shiroFilterFactoryBean.setLoginUrl("/login");
        //首页
        shiroFilterFactoryBean.setSuccessUrl("/index");
        //错误页面，认证不通过跳转
        shiroFilterFactoryBean.setUnauthorizedUrl("/error");
        shiroFilterFactoryBean.setFilterChainDefinitionMap(map);
        return shiroFilterFactoryBean;
    }

    //加入注解的使用，不加入这个注解不生效
    @Bean
    public AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor(SecurityManager securityManager) {
        AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor = new AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor();
        authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor.setSecurityManager(securityManager);
        return authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor;
    }
}

　　6）接下来就是数据访问层、业务层、以及控制层

　　(1)数据层：BaseRepository.class,UserRepository.class,RoleRepository.class

@NoRepositoryBean
public interface BaseRepository<T,I extends Serializable> extends PagingAndSortingRepository<T,I>,JpaSpecificationExecutor<T>{

}

public interface UserRepository extends BaseRepository<User,Long>{
    User findByName(String name);
}

public interface RoleRepository extends BaseRepository<Role,Long> {

}

　　(2)业务层：LoginServiceImpl.class

@Service
@Transactional
public class LoginServiceImpl implements ILoginService {

    @Autowired
    private UserRepository userRepository;
    @Autowired
    private RoleRepository roleRepository;

    //添加用户
    @Override
    public User addUser(Map<String, Object> map) {
        User user = new User();
        user.setName(map.get("username").toString());
        user.setPassword(Integer.valueOf(map.get("password").toString()));
        userRepository.save(user);
        return user;
    }

    //添加角色
    @Override
    public Role addRole(Map<String, Object> map) {
        User user = userRepository.findOne(Long.valueOf(map.get("userId").toString()));
        Role role = new Role();
        role.setRoleName(map.get("roleName").toString());
        role.setUser(user);
        Permission permission1 = new Permission();
        permission1.setPermission("create");
        permission1.setRole(role);
        Permission permission2 = new Permission();
        permission2.setPermission("update");
        permission2.setRole(role);
        List<Permission> permissions = new ArrayList<Permission>();
        permissions.add(permission1);
        permissions.add(permission2);
        role.setPermissions(permissions);
        roleRepository.save(role);
        return role;
    }

    //查询用户通过用户名
    @Override
    public User findByName(String name) {
        return userRepository.findByName(name);
    }
}

　　(3)控制层：LoginResource.class

@RestController
public class LoginResource {

    @Autowired
    private ILoginService loginService;

    //退出的时候是get请求，主要是用于退出
    @RequestMapping(value = "/login",method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String login(){
        return "login";
    }

    //post登录
    @RequestMapping(value = "/login",method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public String login(@RequestBody Map map){
        //添加用户认证信息
        Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
        UsernamePasswordToken usernamePasswordToken = new UsernamePasswordToken(
                map.get("username").toString(),
                map.get("password").toString());
        //进行验证，这里可以捕获异常，然后返回对应信息
        subject.login(usernamePasswordToken);
        return "login";
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/index")
    public String index(){
        return "index";
    }

    //登出
    @RequestMapping(value = "/logout")
    public String logout(){
        return "logout";
    }

    //错误页面展示
    @RequestMapping(value = "/error",method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public String error(){
        return "error ok!";
    }

    //数据初始化
    @RequestMapping(value = "/addUser")
    public String addUser(@RequestBody Map<String,Object> map){
        User user = loginService.addUser(map);
        return "addUser is ok! \n" + user;
    }

    //角色初始化
    @RequestMapping(value = "/addRole")
    public String addRole(@RequestBody Map<String,Object> map){
        Role role = loginService.addRole(map);
        return "addRole is ok! \n" + role;
    }

    //注解的使用
    @RequiresRoles("admin")
    @RequiresPermissions("create")
    @RequestMapping(value = "/create")
    public String create(){
        return "Create success!";
    }
}