前面的文章中介绍过《Step by Step 创建一个WCF Service 》以及《如何使用WCF的Trace与Message Log功能》，本文介绍如何创建一个AJAX-Enabled WCF Service。
（一）创建一个WCF AJAX-enabled service
1. 打开Visual Studio 2012，创建一个ASP.NET Empty Web Application Project，命名为SandwichServices。这时Visual Studio的web.config文件内容为：
<?xml version="1.0"?> <configuration> <system.web> <compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.0" /> </system.web> </configuration>
2. 添加一个AJAX-enabled WCF Service，命名为CostService.svc
using System.ServiceModel; using System.ServiceModel.Activation; namespace SandwichServices { [ServiceContract(Namespace = "SandwichServices")] [AspNetCompatibilityRequirements(RequirementsMode = AspNetCompatibilityRequirementsMode.Allowed)] public class CostService { // To use HTTP GET, add [WebGet] attribute. (Default ResponseFormat is WebMessageFormat.Json) // To create an operation that returns XML, // add [WebGet(ResponseFormat=WebMessageFormat.Xml)], // and include the following line in the operation body: // WebOperationContext.Current.OutgoingResponse.ContentType = "text/xml"; [OperationContract] public void DoWork() { // Add your operation implementation here return; } } }
因为我们不打算使用TCP等HTTP之外的Protocol，所以设置为AspNetCompatibilityEnabled。
3. 修改Namespace ServiceContractAttribute，并添加一个CostOfSandwiches方法
using System.ServiceModel; using System.ServiceModel.Activation; namespace SandwichServices { [ServiceContract(Namespace = "SandwichServices")] [AspNetCompatibilityRequirements(RequirementsMode = AspNetCompatibilityRequirementsMode.Allowed)] public class CostService { // To use HTTP GET, add [WebGet] attribute. (Default ResponseFormat is WebMessageFormat.Json) // To create an operation that returns XML, // add [WebGet(ResponseFormat=WebMessageFormat.Xml)], // and include the following line in the operation body: // WebOperationContext.Current.OutgoingResponse.ContentType = "text/xml"; [OperationContract] public void DoWork() { // Add your operation implementation here return; } [OperationContract] public double CostOfSandwiches(int quantity) { return 1.25 * quantity; } } }
4. 这时Visual Studio生成的web.config文件
<?xml version="1.0"?> <configuration> <system.web> <compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.0" /> </system.web> <system.serviceModel> <behaviors> <endpointBehaviors> <behavior name="SandwichServices.CostServiceAspNetAjaxBehavior"> <enableWebScript /> </behavior> </endpointBehaviors> </behaviors> <serviceHostingEnvironment aspNetCompatibilityEnabled="true" multipleSiteBindingsEnabled="true" /> <services> <service name="SandwichServices.CostService"> <endpoint address="" behaviorConfiguration="SandwichServices.CostServiceAspNetAjaxBehavior" binding="webHttpBinding" contract="SandwichServices.CostService" /> </service> </services> </system.serviceModel> </configuration>
如果在浏览器中访问CostService.svc，得到如下错误
5. 修改web.config文件
<?xml version="1.0"?> <configuration> <system.web> <compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.0" /> </system.web> <system.serviceModel> <behaviors> <endpointBehaviors> <behavior name="SandwichServices.CostServiceAspNetAjaxBehavior"> <enableWebScript /> </behavior> </endpointBehaviors> <serviceBehaviors> <behavior name="SandwichServices.CostServiceServiceBehavior" > <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" /> </behavior> </serviceBehaviors> </behaviors> <serviceHostingEnvironment aspNetCompatibilityEnabled="true" multipleSiteBindingsEnabled="true" /> <services> <service name="SandwichServices.CostService" behaviorConfiguration="SandwichServices.CostServiceServiceBehavior"> <endpoint address="" behaviorConfiguration="SandwichServices.CostServiceAspNetAjaxBehavior" binding="webHttpBinding" contract="SandwichServices.CostService" /> <endpoint contract="IMetadataExchange" binding="mexHttpBinding" address="mex" /> </service> </services> </system.serviceModel> </configuration>
再次在浏览器中打开CostService.svc，可以正常访问了。
（二）创建Client端，调用WCF Service
1. 创建一个aspx Page
<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="WebForm2.aspx.cs" Inherits="WebClient.WebForm2" %> <!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head runat="server"> <title></title> <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript"> function Button1_onclick() { var service = new SandwichServices.CostService(); service.CostOfSandwiches(3, onSuccess, null, null); } function onSuccess(result) { alert(result); } </script> </head> <body> <form id="form1" runat="server"> <div> <p> <input id="Button1" type="button" value="Price for 3 Sandwiches" onclick="return Button1_onclick()" /> </p> </div> <asp:ScriptManager ID="ScriptManager1" runat="server"> <Services> <asp:ServiceReference Path="http://192.168.6.47:8080/CostService.svc" /> </Services> </asp:ScriptManager> </form> </body> </html>
2. 在浏览器中打开该页面，然后用F12工具可以看到加载进来的JavaScript，是WCF Service生成的。
Fiddler
3. 点击按钮调用WCF Service
(三) 总结
WCF Service的配置文件中的endpoint的binding要使用webHttpBinding，endpointBehavior要设置成enableWebScript。
WebForm中要在ScriptManager中添加WCF Service的引用。
本文转自JF Zhu博客园博客，原文链接： http://www.cnblogs.com/jfzhu/p/4041638.html ，如需转载请自行联系原作者
