1.使用$#
$ pg opt.sh
#!/bin/sh
#opt.sh
usage()
{
echo "usage:'basename $0' start|stop process name "
}
OPT=$1
PROCESSID=$1
if [ $# -ne 2 ]
then
usage
exit 1
fi
case $OPT in
start|Start) echo "Starting..$PROCESSID"
;;
stop|Stop) echo "Stopping...$PROCESSID"
;;
*) usage
;;
esac
$# 表示命令行的个数，执行时用
$ opt.sh start named
Starting..start
$ opt.sh start
usage:'basename /home/dongjichao/bin/opt.sh' start|stop process name
2.shift命令
shift可以从左至右的选择命令行参数，如
$ cat -n opt2.sh
1 #!/bin/sh
2 # opt2.sh
3 loop=0
4 while [ $# -ne 0 ]
5 do
6 echo $1
7 shift
8 done
$ history | tail -n 10
1541 cat opt
1542 cat opt.sh
1543 opt.sh start named
1544 opt.sh start
1545 cat -n opt2.sh
1546 history | tail 100
1547 history | tail -n 100
1548 opt2.sh file1 file2 file3
1549 history | tail -n 30
1550 history | tail -n 10
dongjichao@dongjichao:~/bin$ !1548
opt2.sh file1 file2 file3
file1
file2
file3
3.使用shift处理文件转换
$ cat opt3.sh
#!/bin/sh
#opt3.sh
usage()
{
echo "usage:`basename $0` -[l|u] file [files] ">&2
exit 1
}
if [ $# -eq 0 ]; then
usage
fi
while [ $# -gt 0 ]
do
case $1 in
-u|-U) echo "-u option specified"
shift
;;
-l|-L) echo "-l option specifed"
shift
;;
*) usage
;;
esac
done
运行
$ opt3.sh -u -l -k
-u option specified
-l option specifed
usage:opt3.sh -[l|u] file [files]
4.getopts
有时需要写类似 $ 命令 -l -c 23这样的命令，这时需要用到getopts
以下getopts脚本接受下列选项或参数
a 设置变量ALL为true
h 设置变量HELP为true
f 设置变量FILE为true
v 设置变量VERBOSE为true
$ cat getopt1.sh
#!/bin/sh
#getopt1
ALL=false
HELP=false
FILE=false
VERBOSE=false
while getopts ahfgv OPTION
do
case $OPTION in
a)ALL=true
echo "ALL is $ALL"
;;
h)HELP=true
echo "HELP is $HELP"
;;
f)FILE=true
echo "FILE is $FILE"
;;
v)VERBOSE=true
echo "VERBOSE is $VERBOSE"
;;
esac
done
运行上面的脚本
$ getopt1.sh -a -h
ALL is true
HELP is true
