一、
xen虚拟状态：
r: 运行
b: 阻塞
p: 暂停
s: 停止
c: 崩溃
d: dying, 正在关闭的过程中
二、创建xen的pv模式虚拟机
1、kernel (本身系统内核既可运行dom0中也可运行在domu中)
2、initrd或initramfs
3、DomU内核模块
4、根文件系统
5、swap设备
6、DomU的配置文件
三、xm的配置文件：
kernel：内核
ramdisk: initramfs或initrd
name: 域名称
memory: 内存大小
disk: 磁盘设备文件列表，格式disk=["disk1", "disk2",], 每个disk都由三个参数进行定义：“backend-dev”，“frontend-dev”，“mode”
backend-dev: 有两种类型，物理设备，虚拟磁盘映像文件，格式为分别为phy:device和file:/path/to/image_file;
front-dev: 定义其在DomU中设备类型；虚拟磁盘映像文件对应的设备文件名称通常为xvd[a-z]
mode: 访问权限模型，r, w
vcpus: 虚拟CPU的个数；
root: 根文件系统所在的设备；
extra: 传递给内核的额外参数；selinux=0
on_reboot: 执行xm reboot命令时的操作，有destroy和restart;
on_crash: 有destroy, restart, preserve(保存崩溃时的信息以用于调试)
vif ：vif = ['ip="172.16.100.11", bridge=br0']
type: 设备类型，默认为netfront
mac: 指定mac地址；
bridge: 指定桥接到的物理设备
ip: ip地址；
script: 配置此接口的脚本文件
vifname: 后端设备名称
bootloader: 引导器文件的路径，一般指的PyGrub的路径；
四、根文件系统制作步聚
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root@logicserver ~]# mkdir /xen/vm1 -pv
mkdir: 已创建目录
"/xen"
mkdir: 已创建目录
"/xen/vm1"
[root@logicserver ~]# cd /xen/vm1
[root@logicserver vm1]# dd
if
=/dev/zero of=centos6.img bs=1M oflag=direct seek=
1023
count=
1
[root@logicserver vm1]# ll -lh
总用量
1
.0M
-rw-r--r--.
1
root root
1
.0G
9
月
8
16
:
48
centos6.img
[root@logicserver vm1]# du -sh centos6.img
1
.0M centos6.img
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格式化centos6.img和挂载到/mnt
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[root@logicserver vm1]# mke2fs -t ext4 centos6.img
mke2fs
1.41
.
12
(
17
-May-
2010
)
centos6.img
is
not a block special device.
无论如何也要继续? (y,n) y
文件系统标签=
操作系统:Linux
块大小=
4096
(log=
2
)
分块大小=
4096
(log=
2
)
Stride=
0
blocks, Stripe width=
0
blocks
65536
inodes,
262144
blocks
13107
blocks (
5.00
%) reserved
for
the
super
user
第一个数据块=
0
Maximum filesystem blocks=
268435456
8
block groups
32768
blocks per group,
32768
fragments per group
8192
inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768
,
98304
,
163840
,
229376
正在写入inode表: 完成
Creating journal (
8192
blocks): 完成
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: 完成
This filesystem will be automatically checked every
35
mounts or
180
days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to
override
.
[root@logicserver vm1]# mount -o loop centos6.img /mnt
[root@logicserver vm1]# ls /mnt
lost+found
[root@logicserver vm1]# df -lh
文件系统 容量 已用 可用 已用%% 挂载点
/dev/sda2 50G
4
.6G 43G
10
% /
tmpfs 462M
0
462M
0
% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 120M 62M 50M
56
% /boot
/dev/sda5 400G 41G 339G
11
% /data0
/xen/vm1/centos6.img 976M
1
.3M 908M
1
% /mnt
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创建系统用到基本目录
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[root@logicserver mnt]# mkdir -pv etc/{init,rc.d} bin sbin lib64 dev proc sys tmp
var
mkdir: 已创建目录
"etc"
mkdir: 已创建目录
"etc/init"
mkdir: 已创建目录
"etc/rc.d"
mkdir: 已创建目录
"bin"
mkdir: 已创建目录
"sbin"
mkdir: 已创建目录
"lib64"
mkdir: 已创建目录
"dev"
mkdir: 已创建目录
"proc"
mkdir: 已创建目录
"sys"
mkdir: 已创建目录
"tmp"
mkdir: 已创建目录
"var"
[root@logicserver mnt]# ls
bin dev etc lib64 lost+found proc sbin sys tmp
var
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执行脚本程序移植
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[root@logicserver ~]# vim bincp.sh
#!/bin/bash
#
declare -i DebugLevel=
0
Target=/mnt
[ -d $Target ] || mkdir $Target &> /dev/
null
read -p
"A command: "
Command
while
[ $Command !=
'q'
-a $Command !=
'Q'
];
do
Command=`which $Command | grep -v
"^alias"
| grep -o
"[^[:space:]]*"
`
[ $DebugLevel -eq
1
] && echo $Command
ComDir=${Command%
/*}
[ $DebugLevel -eq 1 ] && echo $ComDir
[ -d ${Target}${ComDir} ] || mkdir -p ${Target}${ComDir}
[ ! -f ${Target}${Command} ] && cp $Command ${Target}${Command} && echo "Copy $Command to $Target finished."
for Lib in `ldd $Command | grep -o "[^[:space:]]*/
lib[^[:space:]]*"`;
do
LibDir=${Lib%/*}
[root@logicserver ~]# sh bincp.sh
A command: init
Copy /sbin/init to /mnt finished.
Copy /lib64/libnih.so.
1
to /mnt finished.
Copy /lib64/libnih-dbus.so.
1
to /mnt finished.
Copy /lib64/libdbus-
1
.so.
3
to /mnt finished.
Copy /lib64/libpthread.so.
0
to /mnt finished.
Copy /lib64/librt.so.
1
to /mnt finished.
Copy /lib64/libgcc_s.so.
1
to /mnt finished.
Copy /lib64/libc.so.
6
to /mnt finished.
Copy /lib64/ld-linux-x86-
64
.so.
2
to /mnt finished.
A command: bash
Copy /bin/bash to /mnt finished.
Copy /lib64/libtinfo.so.
5
to /mnt finished.
Copy /lib64/libdl.so.
2
to /mnt finished.
A command: ls
Copy /bin/ls to /mnt finished.
Copy /lib64/libselinux.so.
1
to /mnt finished.
Copy /lib64/libcap.so.
2
to /mnt finished.
Copy /lib64/libacl.so.
1
to /mnt finished.
Copy /lib64/libattr.so.
1
to /mnt finished.
A command: cat
Copy /bin/cat to /mnt finished.
A command: vim
Copy /usr/bin/vim to /mnt finished.
Copy /lib64/libm.so.
6
to /mnt finished.
Copy /usr/lib64/libgpm.so.
2
to /mnt finished.
Copy /usr/lib64/perl5/CORE/libperl.so to /mnt finished.
Copy /lib64/libresolv.so.
2
to /mnt finished.
Copy /lib64/libnsl.so.
1
to /mnt finished.
Copy /lib64/libcrypt.so.
1
to /mnt finished.
Copy /lib64/libutil.so.
1
to /mnt finished.
Copy /lib64/libfreebl3.so to /mnt finished.
A command: wget
Copy /usr/bin/wget to /mnt finished.
Copy /usr/lib64/libssl.so.
10
to /mnt finished.
Copy /usr/lib64/libcrypto.so.
10
to /mnt finished.
Copy /lib64/libgssapi_krb5.so.
2
to /mnt finished.
Copy /lib64/libkrb5.so.
3
to /mnt finished.
Copy /lib64/libcom_err.so.
2
to /mnt finished.
Copy /lib64/libk5crypto.so.
3
to /mnt finished.
Copy /lib64/libz.so.
1
to /mnt finished.
Copy /lib64/libkrb5support.so.
0
to /mnt finished.
Copy /lib64/libkeyutils.so.
1
to /mnt finished.
|
给init准备好配置文件并且编辑保存
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[root@logicserver ~]# cp /etc/init/rcS.conf /mnt/etc/init/
[root@logicserver ~]# vim /mnt/etc/init/rcS.conf
# rcS - runlevel compatibility
#
# This task runs the old sysv-rc startup scripts.
start on startup
stop on runlevel
task
# Note: there can be no previous runlevel here,
if
we have one it's bad
# information (we enter rc1 not rcS
for
maintenance). Run /etc/rc.d/rc
# without information so that it defaults to previous=N runlevel=S.
exec /etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit
~
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创建rc.sysinit脚本并用chroot验证
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[root@logicserver ~]# vim /mnt/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit
#!/bin/bash
#
echo -e
"\tWelcom to Xen DomU Linux"
/bin/bash
~
[root@logicserver ~]# chmod +x /mnt/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit
[root@logicserver ~]# chroot /mnt
bash-
4.1
# ls
bin dev etc lib64 lost+found proc sbin sys tmp usr
var
bash-
4.1
#
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同步sync到硬盘，并卸载
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[root@logicserver ~]# sync
[root@logicserver ~]# sync
[root@logicserver ~]# sync
[root@logicserver ~]# sync
[root@logicserver ~]# umount /mnt
[root@logicserver ~]# df -lh
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五、DomU的配置文件
由于他版号太长，把他们这么复制
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[root@logicserver ~]# cp /boot/vmlinuz-
2.6
.
32
-
279
.el6.x86_64 /tmp/vmlinux
[root@logicserver ~]# cp /boot/initramfs-
2.6
.
32
-
279
.el6.x86_64.img /tmp/initramfs
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复制/etc/xen下例子配置文件
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[root@logicserver ~]# cd /etc/xen/
[root@logicserver xen]# cp xmexample1 centos6
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修改配置文件选项有
kernel = "/tmp/vmlinux"
ramdisk="/tmp/initramfs"
memory = 512
name = "centos6"
vcpus = 2
disk = [ 'file:/xen/vm1/centos6.img,xvda,w' ]
extra = "3 selinux=0"
#vif = [ '' ] /注释
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[root@logicserver xen]# vim centos6
# -*- mode: python; -*-
#============================================================================
# Python configuration setup
for
'xm create'
.
# You
use
a separate script
for
each
domain you want to create, or
# you can
set
the parameters
for
the domain on the xm command line.
#============================================================================
#----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Kernel image file.
kernel =
"/tmp/vmlinux"
ramdisk=
"/tmp/initramfs"
# Optional ramdisk.
#ramdisk =
"/boot/initrd.gz"
# The domain build
function
. Default
is
'linux'
.
#builder=
'linux'
# Initial memory allocation (
in
megabytes)
for
the
new
domain.
#
# WARNING: Creating a domain
with
insufficient memory may cause out of
# memory errors. The domain needs enough memory to boot kernel
# and modules. Allocating less than 32MBs
is
not recommended.
memory =
512
# A name
for
your domain. All domains must have different names.
name =
"centos6"
#
128
-bit UUID
for
the domain. The
default
behavior
is
to generate a
new
UUID
# on
each
call to
'xm create'
.
#uuid =
"06ed00fe-1162-4fc4-b5d8-11993ee4a8b9"
# List of which CPUS
this
domain
is
allowed to
use
,
default
Xen picks
#cpus =
""
# leave to Xen to pick
#cpus =
"0"
# all vcpus run on CPU0
#cpus =
"0-3,5,^1"
# all vcpus run on cpus
0
,
2
,
3
,
5
#cpus = [
"2"
,
"3"
] # VCPU0 runs on CPU2, VCPU1 runs on CPU3
#
Number
of Virtual CPUS to
use
,
default
is
1
#vcpus =
1
vcpus =
2
#----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Define network interfaces.
# By
default
, no network interfaces are configured. You may have one created
#
with
sensible defaults using an empty vif clause:
#
# vif = [
''
]
#
# or optionally
override
backend, bridge, ip, mac, script, type, or vifname:
#
# vif = [
'mac=00:16:3e:00:00:11, bridge=xenbr0'
]
#
# or more than one
interface
may be configured:
#
# vif = [
''
,
'bridge=xenbr1'
]
vif = [
''
]
#----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Define the disk devices you want the domain to have access to, and
# what you want them accessible
as
.
# Each disk entry
is
of the form phy:UNAME,DEV,MODE
# where UNAME
is
the device, DEV
is
the device name the domain will see,
# and MODE
is
r
for
read-only, w
for
read-write.
#disk = [
'phy:hda1,hda1,w'
]
disk = [
'file:/xen/vm1/centos6.img,xvda,w'
]
#----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Define frame buffer device.
#
# By
default
, no frame buffer device
is
configured.
#
# To create one using the SDL backend and sensible defaults:
#
# vfb = [
'sdl=1'
]
#
# This uses environment
var
iables XAUTHORITY and DISPLAY. You
# can
override
that:
#
# vfb = [
'sdl=1,xauthority=/home/bozo/.Xauthority,display=:1'
]
#
# To create one using the VNC backend and sensible defaults:
#
# vfb = [
'vnc=1'
]
#
# The backend listens on
127.0
.
0.1
port
5900
+N by
default
, where N
is
# the domain ID. You can
override
both address and N:
#
# vfb = [
'vnc=1,vnclisten=127.0.0.1,vncdisplay=1'
]
#
# Or you can bind the first unused port above
5900
:
#
# vfb = [
'vnc=1,vnclisten=0.0.0.0,vncunused=1'
]
#
# You can
override
the password:
#
# vfb = [
'vnc=1,vncpasswd=MYPASSWD'
]
#
# Empty password disables authentication. Defaults to the vncpasswd
# configured
in
xend-config.sxp.
#----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Set the kernel command line
for
the
new
domain.
# You only need to define the IP parameters and hostname
if
the domain's
# IP config doesn't, e.g.
in
ifcfg-eth0 or via DHCP.
# You can
use
'extra'
to
set
the runlevel and custom environment
#
var
iables used by custom rc scripts (e.g. VMID=, usr= ).
# Set
if
you want dhcp to allocate the IP address.
#dhcp=
"dhcp"
# Set netmask.
#netmask=
# Set
default
gateway.
#gateway=
# Set the hostname.
#hostname=
"vm%d"
% vmid
# Set root device.
root =
"/dev/xvda ro"
# Root device
for
nfs.
#root =
"/dev/nfs"
# The nfs server.
#nfs_server =
'192.0.2.1'
# You only need to define the IP parameters and hostname
if
the domain's
# IP config doesn't, e.g.
in
ifcfg-eth0 or via DHCP.
# You can
use
'extra'
to
set
the runlevel and custom environment
#
var
iables used by custom rc scripts (e.g. VMID=, usr= ).
# Set
if
you want dhcp to allocate the IP address.
#dhcp=
"dhcp"
# Set netmask.
#netmask=
# Set
default
gateway.
#gateway=
# Set the hostname.
#hostname=
"vm%d"
% vmid
# Set root device.
root =
"/dev/xvda ro"
# Root device
for
nfs.
#root =
"/dev/nfs"
# The nfs server.
#nfs_server =
'192.0.2.1'
# Root directory on the nfs server.
#nfs_root =
'/full/path/to/root/directory'
# Sets runlevel
4
.
extra =
"3 selinux=0"
#----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Configure the behaviour when a domain exits. There are three
'reasons'
#
for
a domain to stop: poweroff, reboot, and crash. For
each
of these you
# may specify:
#
#
"destroy"
, meaning that the domain
is
cleaned up
as
normal;
#
"restart"
, meaning that a
new
domain
is
started
in
place of the old
# one;
#
"preserve"
, meaning that no clean-up
is
done until the domain
is
# manually destroyed (using xm destroy,
for
example); or
#
"rename-restart"
, meaning that the old domain
is
not cleaned up, but
is
# renamed and a
new
domain started
in
its place.
#
# In the event a domain stops due to a crash, you have the additional options:
#
#
"coredump-destroy"
, meaning dump the crashed domain's core and then destroy;
# "coredump-restart
', meaning dump the crashed domain'
s core and the restart.
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六 启动虚拟机
本文转自 zouqingyun 51CTO博客，原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/zouqingyun/1692831，如需转载请自行联系原作者
