[Win32]系列2

 接上一篇：

1. case WM_CREATE: 
2. { 
3.     HMENU hMenu, hSubMenu; 
4.     HICON hIcon, hIconSm; 
5.  
6.     hMenu = CreateMenu();//创建主菜单 
7.      
8.     hSubMenu = CreatePopupMenu();//创建弹出菜单 
9.     AppendMenu(hSubMenu,MF_STRING,IDM_FILE_OPEN,TEXT("打开(&O)"));//打开菜单 
10.     AppendMenu(hSubMenu,MF_SEPARATOR,0,NULL);//分隔线 
11.     AppendMenu(hSubMenu, MF_STRING, IDM_FILE_EXIT, TEXT("退出(&X)"));//退出菜单 
12.      
13.     AppendMenu(hMenu, MF_STRING | MF_POPUP, (UINT)hSubMenu, TEXT("文件(&F)"));//加入File菜单 
14.  
15.     hSubMenu = CreatePopupMenu(); 
16.     AppendMenu(hSubMenu, MF_STRING, IDM_EDIT_UNDO, TEXT("撤销(&U)")); 
17.     AppendMenu(hSubMenu,MF_STRING,IDM_EDIT_REDO,TEXT("重做(&R)")); 
18.      
19.     AppendMenu(hMenu, MF_STRING | MF_POPUP, (UINT)hSubMenu, TEXT("编辑(&E)"));//加入编辑菜单 
20.  
21.     SetMenu(hWnd, hMenu);//设置为窗口的主菜单 
22.      
23.     hIcon = (HICON)LoadImage(NULL, TEXT("tao.ico"), IMAGE_ICON, 32, 32, LR_LOADFROMFILE); 
24.     if(hIcon) 
25.         SendMessage(hWnd, WM_SETICON, ICON_BIG, (LPARAM)hIcon); 
26.     else 
27.         MessageBox(hWnd, TEXT("不能加载大图标!"), TEXT("错误"), MB_OK | MB_ICONERROR); 
28.  
29.     hIconSm = (HICON)LoadImage(NULL, TEXT("tao.ico"), IMAGE_ICON, 16, 16, LR_LOADFROMFILE); 
30.     if(hIconSm) 
31.         SendMessage(hWnd, WM_SETICON, ICON_SMALL, (LPARAM)hIconSm); 
32.     else 
33.         MessageBox(hWnd, TEXT("不能加载小图标!"), TEXT("错误"), MB_OK | MB_ICONERROR); 
34.          
35.     return 0; 
36. } 

当然也可以在窗口创建时动态设置菜单，而不是加载资源菜单。

这里同时修改了窗口的图标，通过WM_SETICON消息。

有了菜单，但是现在单击没有什么反应，我们还需要处理WM_COMMAND窗体通告消息。

1. The WM_COMMAND message is sent when the user selects a command item from a menu, when a control sends a notification message to its parent window, or when an accelerator keystroke is translated.  

对应菜单来说,wParam和lParam这2个参数具体说明如下:

wParam这个32位参数的高位字(高16位)为0,低位字存储的菜单的标识符IDM_*那些。lParam这个参数为0.

我们只需要处理WM_COMMAND,根据标识符不同处理每个菜单的行为。

1. case WM_COMMAND: 
2. { 
3.     switch(LOWORD(wParam)) 
4.     { 
5.         case IDM_FILE_EXIT: 
6.             PostMessage(hWnd,WM_CLOSE,0,0); 
7.             break; 
8.         case IDM_FILE_OPEN: 
9.             OPENFILENAME ofn; 
10.             TCHAR szFileName[256]; 
11.             TCHAR title[50]; 
12.              
13.             ZeroMemory(&ofn,sizeof(ofn)); 
14.             ofn.lStructSize=sizeof(ofn); 
15.              
16.             ofn.hwndOwner=hWnd;//Owner窗口 
17.             ofn.lpstrFile=szFileName;//接收文件名的buffer 
18.             ofn.lpstrFile[0] = '\0'; 
19.             ofn.nMaxFile = sizeof(szFileName); 
20.             ofn.lpstrFilter = TEXT("所有文件 (*.*)\0*.*\0文本文件 (*.txt)\0*.TXT\0图片文件 (*.bmp;*.jpg;*.png;*.gif)\0*.bmp;*.jpg;*.png;*.gif\0\0"); 
21.             ofn.nFilterIndex = 2;/*默认显示过滤器:图片文件的*/ 
22.             ofn.lpstrFileTitle = NULL; 
23.             ofn.nMaxFileTitle = 0; 
24.             ofn.lpstrInitialDir = NULL; 
25.             ofn.Flags = OFN_PATHMUSTEXIST | OFN_FILEMUSTEXIST; 
26.             ofn.lpstrTitle=TEXT("打开一个文件吧");//设置对话框的标题 
27.              
28.             if(GetOpenFileName(&ofn)==TRUE) 
29.             { 
30.                 MessageBox(hWnd,szFileName,TEXT("文件名"),0); 
31.             } 
32.             break; 
33.     } 
34.     return 0; 
35. }    

详细的OPENFILENAME结构体，参考MSDN.

完整代码：

1. #include <windows.h> 
2. #include "resource.h" 
3.  
4. LRESULT CALLBACK WinProc(HWND hWnd,UINT message,WPARAM wParam,LPARAM lParam); 
5.  
6. int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInst,HINSTANCE hPrevInst,LPSTR lpCmdLine,int nShowCmd) 
7. { 
8.     WNDCLASSEX wClass; 
9.     ZeroMemory(&wClass,sizeof(WNDCLASSEX)); 
10.     wClass.cbClsExtra=NULL; 
11.     wClass.cbSize=sizeof(WNDCLASSEX); 
12.     wClass.cbWndExtra=NULL; 
13.     wClass.hbrBackground=(HBRUSH)COLOR_WINDOW; 
14.     wClass.hCursor=LoadCursor(NULL,IDC_ARROW); 
15.     wClass.hIcon=LoadIcon(hInst,MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDI_MYICON)); 
16.     wClass.hIconSm=(HICON)LoadImage(GetModuleHandle(NULL), MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDI_MYICON), IMAGE_ICON, 16, 16, 0); 
17.     wClass.hInstance=hInst; 
18.     wClass.lpfnWndProc=(WNDPROC)WinProc; 
19.     wClass.lpszClassName=TEXT("窗口类名"); 
20.     wClass.lpszMenuName=NULL;/*MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDR_MYMENU)*/ 
21.     wClass.style=CS_HREDRAW|CS_VREDRAW; 
22.  
23.     if(!RegisterClassEx(&wClass)) 
24.     { 
25.         int nResult=GetLastError(); 
26.         MessageBox(NULL, 
27.             TEXT("注册窗口类失败."), 
28.             TEXT("失败"), 
29.             MB_ICONERROR); 
30.     } 
31.      
32.     //HMENU hMenu=LoadMenu(hInst,MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDR_CNMENU)); 
33.     HWND hWnd=CreateWindowEx(NULL, 
34.             TEXT("窗口类名"), 
35.             TEXT("win32应用程序"), 
36.             WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, 
37.             200, 
38.             200, 
39.             640, 
40.             480, 
41.             NULL, 
42.             NULL,/*hMenu*/ 
43.             hInst, 
44.             NULL); 
45.  
46.     if(!hWnd) 
47.     { 
48.         int nResult=GetLastError(); 
49.  
50.         MessageBox(NULL, 
51.             TEXT("窗口创建失败."), 
52.             TEXT("失败"), 
53.             MB_ICONERROR); 
54.     } 
55.  
56.     ShowWindow(hWnd,nShowCmd); 
57.  
58.     MSG msg; 
59.     ZeroMemory(&msg,sizeof(MSG));/*清零*/ 
60.  
61.     while(GetMessage(&msg,NULL,0,0) > 0) 
62.     { 
63.         TranslateMessage(&msg); 
64.         DispatchMessage(&msg); 
65.     } 
66.  
67.     return 0; 
68. } 
69.  
70. LRESULT CALLBACK WinProc(HWND hWnd,UINT msg,WPARAM wParam,LPARAM lParam) 
71. { 
72.     switch(msg) 
73.     { 
74.         case WM_CREATE: 
75.         { 
76.             HMENU hMenu, hSubMenu; 
77.             HICON hIcon, hIconSm; 
78.  
79.             hMenu = CreateMenu();//创建主菜单 
80.              
81.             hSubMenu = CreatePopupMenu();//创建弹出菜单 
82.             AppendMenu(hSubMenu,MF_STRING,IDM_FILE_OPEN,TEXT("打开(&O)"));//打开菜单 
83.             AppendMenu(hSubMenu,MF_SEPARATOR,0,NULL);//分隔线 
84.             AppendMenu(hSubMenu, MF_STRING, IDM_FILE_EXIT, TEXT("退出(&X)"));//退出菜单 
85.              
86.             AppendMenu(hMenu, MF_STRING | MF_POPUP, (UINT)hSubMenu, TEXT("文件(&F)"));//加入File菜单 
87.  
88.             hSubMenu = CreatePopupMenu(); 
89.             AppendMenu(hSubMenu, MF_STRING, IDM_EDIT_UNDO, TEXT("撤销(&U)")); 
90.             AppendMenu(hSubMenu,MF_STRING,IDM_EDIT_REDO,TEXT("重做(&R)")); 
91.              
92.             AppendMenu(hMenu, MF_STRING | MF_POPUP, (UINT)hSubMenu, TEXT("编辑(&E)"));//加入编辑菜单 
93.  
94.             SetMenu(hWnd, hMenu);//设置为窗口的主菜单 
95.              
96.             hIcon = (HICON)LoadImage(NULL, TEXT("tao.ico"), IMAGE_ICON, 32, 32, LR_LOADFROMFILE); 
97.             if(hIcon) 
98.                 SendMessage(hWnd, WM_SETICON, ICON_BIG, (LPARAM)hIcon); 
99.             else 
100.                 MessageBox(hWnd, TEXT("不能加载大图标!"), TEXT("错误"), MB_OK | MB_ICONERROR); 
101.  
102.             hIconSm = (HICON)LoadImage(NULL, TEXT("tao.ico"), IMAGE_ICON, 16, 16, LR_LOADFROMFILE); 
103.             if(hIconSm) 
104.                 SendMessage(hWnd, WM_SETICON, ICON_SMALL, (LPARAM)hIconSm); 
105.             else 
106.                 MessageBox(hWnd, TEXT("不能加载小图标!"), TEXT("错误"), MB_OK | MB_ICONERROR); 
107.                  
108.             return 0; 
109.         } 
110.         case WM_COMMAND: 
111.         { 
112.             switch(LOWORD(wParam)) 
113.             { 
114.                 case IDM_FILE_EXIT: 
115.                     PostMessage(hWnd,WM_CLOSE,0,0); 
116.                     break; 
117.                 case IDM_FILE_OPEN: 
118.                     OPENFILENAME ofn; 
119.                     TCHAR szFileName[256]; 
120.                     TCHAR title[50]; 
121.                      
122.                     ZeroMemory(&ofn,sizeof(ofn)); 
123.                     ofn.lStructSize=sizeof(ofn); 
124.                      
125.                     ofn.hwndOwner=hWnd;//Owner窗口 
126.                     ofn.lpstrFile=szFileName;//接收文件名的buffer 
127.                     ofn.lpstrFile[0] = '\0'; 
128.                     ofn.nMaxFile = sizeof(szFileName); 
129.                     ofn.lpstrFilter = TEXT("所有文件 (*.*)\0*.*\0文本文件 (*.txt)\0*.TXT\0图片文件 (*.bmp;*.jpg;*.png;*.gif)\0*.bmp;*.jpg;*.png;*.gif\0\0"); 
130.                     ofn.nFilterIndex = 2;/*默认显示过滤器:图片文件的*/ 
131.                     ofn.lpstrFileTitle = NULL; 
132.                     ofn.nMaxFileTitle = 0; 
133.                     ofn.lpstrInitialDir = NULL; 
134.                     ofn.Flags = OFN_PATHMUSTEXIST | OFN_FILEMUSTEXIST; 
135.                     ofn.lpstrTitle=TEXT("打开一个文件吧");//设置对话框的标题 
136.                      
137.                     if(GetOpenFileName(&ofn)==TRUE) 
138.                     { 
139.                         MessageBox(hWnd,szFileName,TEXT("文件名"),0); 
140.                     } 
141.                     break; 
142.             } 
143.             return 0; 
144.         }    
145.         case WM_LBUTTONDOWN: 
146.         { 
147.             TCHAR szFileName[MAX_PATH]; 
148.             HINSTANCE hInstance = GetModuleHandle(NULL); 
149.             GetModuleFileName(hInstance, szFileName, MAX_PATH); 
150.             MessageBox(hWnd, szFileName, TEXT("此程序是:"), MB_OK | MB_ICONINFORMATION);     
151.             return 0;         
152.         } 
153.         case WM_DESTROY: 
154.         { 
155.             PostQuitMessage(0); 
156.             return 0; 
157.         } 
158.         break; 
159.     } 
160.  
161.     return DefWindowProc(hWnd,msg,wParam,lParam); 
162. } 

注:不足,字符串都是硬编码的。 

 本文转自 xcf007 51CTO博客，原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/xcf007/754758，如需转载请自行联系原作者