【Silverlight】Bing Maps开发应用与技巧二:自定义图钉标注控件和动态ToolPanel

简介:
 在Bing Maps Silverlight Control中以及为我们提供了地图图钉控件Pushpin,我曾经在《 使用图钉层(Pushpin layer)及地图图层(MapLayer)》一文中介绍过他的使用方法,本篇主要介绍如何自定义图钉标注控件以及对他的一些扩展,比如实现图钉的动态ToolPanel。
 
  关于图钉的UI外观的设计这里就不详细介绍了,通过Blend可以快速的构建UI界面。首先介绍下我的实现思想,通过Path构建图钉标注控件的UI外观,控件整体布局使用Grid布局,分别在Grid容器里设计好图钉UI外观效果和需要动态提示的ToolPanel(使用Border布局设计),默认将ToolPanel隐藏,在后台代码中通过鼠标事件进行控制其是否出现;另外还布局了一个TextBlock控件,用于出现图钉标注上的内容。下面是定义好的图钉风格的样式:
自定义图钉样式
< Style  x:Name ="PushpinStyle"  TargetType ="Controls:PushPinControl" >
    
< Setter  Property ="Template" >
        
< Setter.Value >
            
< ControlTemplate  TargetType ="Controls:PushPinControl" >
                
< Grid  x:Name ="grdRoot"  Height ="Auto"  Width ="Auto"  HorizontalAlignment ="Stretch"  RenderTransformOrigin ="0,0" >
                    
< Grid.RenderTransform >
                        
< TransformGroup >
                            
< ScaleTransform  x:Name ="_ScaleTransform"  ScaleX ="1"  ScaleY ="1" />
                            
< SkewTransform />
                            
< RotateTransform />
                            
< TranslateTransform />
                        
</ TransformGroup >
                    
</ Grid.RenderTransform >
                    
< Path  Stretch ="Fill"  Opacity ="1"  RenderTransformOrigin ="0.501,0.281"  Data ="M0,-250L6.09909264359567,
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                          StrokeThickness
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< Path.RenderTransform >
                            
< TransformGroup >
                                
< ScaleTransform  ScaleX ="1"  ScaleY ="1" />
                                
< SkewTransform  AngleX ="-57.547"  AngleY ="0" />
                                
< RotateTransform  Angle ="0" />
                                
< TranslateTransform  X ="45.252"  Y ="0" />
                            
</ TransformGroup >
                        
</ Path.RenderTransform >
                    
</ Path >
                    
< Path  Stretch ="Fill"  Stroke ="#FF000000"  Opacity ="1"  RenderTransformOrigin ="0.501,0.281"  
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                          StrokeThickness
="2.5"  HorizontalAlignment ="Left"  Margin ="-18,-63.25,0,0"  x:Name ="shpPushpin"  
                          Width
="35"  d:LayoutOverrides ="Width"  Height ="63"  
                          VerticalAlignment
="Top"  Cursor ="Hand" >
                        
< Path.RenderTransform >
                            
< TransformGroup >
                                
< ScaleTransform  ScaleX ="1"  ScaleY ="1" />
                                
< SkewTransform  AngleX ="0"  AngleY ="0" />
                                
< RotateTransform  Angle ="0" />
                                
< TranslateTransform  X ="0"  Y ="0" />
                            
</ TransformGroup >
                        
</ Path.RenderTransform >
                        
< Path.Fill >
                            
< LinearGradientBrush  EndPoint ="0.5,1"  StartPoint ="0.5,0" >
                                
< GradientStop  Color ="#FFFFF77F"  Offset ="0" />
                                
< GradientStop  Color ="#FFFCF14E"  Offset ="1" />
                            
</ LinearGradientBrush >
                        
</ Path.Fill >
                    
</ Path >
                    
< TextBlock  TextWrapping ="Wrap"  d:LayoutOverrides ="Height, GridBox"  RenderTransformOrigin ="0.51,0.491"  VerticalAlignment ="Top"  
                           TextAlignment
="Center"  Margin ="-15.55,-60,0,0"  x:Name ="txtTitle"
                           Width
="30"  FontSize ="24"  Visibility ="Visible"  FontFamily ="Verdana"  HorizontalAlignment ="Left"  IsHitTestVisible ="False"   >
                            
< TextBlock.RenderTransform >
                                
< TransformGroup >
                                    
< ScaleTransform />
                                    
< SkewTransform  AngleX ="0"  AngleY ="0" />
                                    
< RotateTransform  Angle ="0" />
                                    
< TranslateTransform  X ="0"  Y ="0" />
                                
</ TransformGroup >
                            
</ TextBlock.RenderTransform >
                    
</ TextBlock >
                    
< Border  x:Name ="ToolPanel"  VerticalAlignment ="Stretch"  Background ="#A82D2D2D"  CornerRadius ="8,8,8,8"  Visibility ="Collapsed"  
                        BorderBrush
="#FF626262"  BorderThickness ="2,2,2,2"  ScrollViewer.HorizontalScrollBarVisibility ="Visible"  
                        RenderTransformOrigin
="0.5,0.5"  Grid.Row ="0"  Width ="300"  Height ="200" >
                        
< Border.RenderTransform >
                            
< TransformGroup >
                                
< ScaleTransform />
                                
< SkewTransform />
                                
< RotateTransform />
                                
< TranslateTransform  X ="20"  Y ="-75" />
                            
</ TransformGroup >
                        
</ Border.RenderTransform >
                        
< StackPanel  VerticalAlignment ="Top"  Margin ="5,10, 5, 10" >
                            
< Grid  Height ="29"  VerticalAlignment ="Top" >
                                
< TextBlock  Height ="25"  Width ="346"  Text ="标题内容"  TextWrapping ="Wrap"  Foreground ="#FFF0E7E7"  FontSize ="16"  
                                    HorizontalAlignment
="Left"  Margin ="12,3,0,1" />
                            
</ Grid >
                            
< StackPanel  VerticalAlignment ="Top" >
                                
< Border  x:Name ="ContentBorder"  Background ="#FF000000"  CornerRadius ="8,8,8,8"  VerticalAlignment ="Top"
                                        Margin
="0,3,0,3"  Padding ="0,8,0,8"  Opacity ="0.68"  MinHeight ="200" >
                                    
< TextBlock  Text ="显示内容"  Foreground ="White"  Margin ="3"   ></ TextBlock >
                                
</ Border >
                            
</ StackPanel >
                        
</ StackPanel >
                    
</ Border >
                
</ Grid >
            
</ ControlTemplate >
        
</ Setter.Value >
    
</ Setter >
</ Style >
 
  接下来要做的就是实现图标注控件的定义以及动态控制ToolPanel控件的显示与否了,主要思路就是通过引用上面定义的样式,以模板的方式从样式里获取到相应的控件元素进行动态控制,详细见如下代码:
///   <summary>
///  自定义图钉控件
///   </summary>
public   class  PushPinControl : ContentControl
{
    
private   string  Text;

    
public  PushPinControl(String text)
    {
        
// 设置图钉标注控件的标注内容
         this .Text  =  text  ==   ""   ?   " M "  : text;
        DefaultStyleKey 
=   typeof (PushPinControl);
        
// 为当前对象引用样式,从全局资源里读取
         this .Style  =  Application.Current.Resources[ " PushpinStyle " as  Style;
    }

    
public   override   void  OnApplyTemplate()
    {
        
base .OnApplyTemplate();

        
// 从样式模板中获取TextBlock控件
        var textBlock  =  GetTemplateChild( " txtTitle " as  TextBlock;
        textBlock.Text 
=   this .Text;
        
// 从样式模板中获取ToolPanel(既Border布局实现的,详细见样式的定义)控件
        var ToolPanelBorder  =  GetTemplateChild( " ToolPanel " as  Border;
        
// 通过事件动态控制ToolPanel的显示和隐藏
         this .MouseEnter  +=  (mes, meo)  =>  { ToolPanelBorder.Visibility  =  Visibility.Visible; };
        
this .MouseLeave  +=  (mls, mlo)  =>  { ToolPanelBorder.Visibility  =  Visibility.Collapsed; };
    }
}
        
  到这里就成功的完成了图钉标注控件的自定义了,接下来看看如何使用这个自定义的图钉标注控件,详见如下代码块:
private   void  AddPushPin()
{
    
// 添加Bing Maps Silverlight Control自带的图钉
    
// var pushpin = new Pushpin();
    
// pushpin.Location = new Location(29.5076372217973, 106.489384971208);
    
// 添加自定义的图钉
    var pushpin  =   new  PushPinControl( " D " );
    MapLayer.AddChild(pushpin, 
new  Location( 29.5076372217973 106.489384971208 ));
}
 
       
 
  或许会有人问道,如何动态的实现ToolPanel里显示的内容?要实现这个功能也是非常简单的,首先我们来分析下上面定义的样式里对ToolPanel部分的定义:
< Border  x:Name ="ToolPanel"  VerticalAlignment ="Stretch"  Background ="#A82D2D2D"  CornerRadius ="8,8,8,8"  Visibility ="Collapsed"  
    BorderBrush
="#FF626262"  BorderThickness ="2,2,2,2"  ScrollViewer.HorizontalScrollBarVisibility ="Visible"  
    RenderTransformOrigin
="0.5,0.5"  Grid.Row ="0"  Width ="300"  Height ="200" >
    
< Border.RenderTransform >
        
< TransformGroup >
            
< ScaleTransform />
            
< SkewTransform />
            
< RotateTransform />
            
< TranslateTransform  X ="20"  Y ="-75" />
        
</ TransformGroup >
    
</ Border.RenderTransform >
    
< StackPanel  VerticalAlignment ="Top"  Margin ="5,10, 5, 10" >
        
< Grid  Height ="29"  VerticalAlignment ="Top" >
            
< TextBlock  Height ="25"  Width ="346"  Text ="标题内容"  TextWrapping ="Wrap"  Foreground ="#FFF0E7E7"  FontSize ="16"  
                HorizontalAlignment
="Left"  Margin ="12,3,0,1" />
        
</ Grid >
        
< StackPanel  VerticalAlignment ="Top" >
            
< Border  x:Name ="ContentBorder"  Background ="#FF000000"  CornerRadius ="8,8,8,8"  VerticalAlignment ="Top"
                    Margin
="0,3,0,3"  Padding ="0,8,0,8"  Opacity ="0.68"  MinHeight ="200" >
                
< TextBlock  Text ="显示内容"  Foreground ="White"  Margin ="3"   ></ TextBlock >
            
</ Border >
        
</ StackPanel >
    
</ StackPanel >
</ Border >
 
  使用了Border进行圆角布局,在其内部通过StackPanel垂直布局实现了ToolPanel的的标题和内容两大部分,内容部分并通过Border进行设计,取名为ContentBorder,这是为了实现动态呈现显示内容而设计,整体Border通过 TranslateTransform进行一个偏移的处理,也就是让ToolPanel始终显示在图钉标注的右边相应的位置,详细见本文前面提供的截图。
 
  从上面的实现知道ToolPanel是在鼠标的MouseEnter事件执行的时候才会显示的,当鼠标离开就会将其可见性设置为隐藏。了解了这个原理后就可以想到,是否可以从MouseEnter事件中通过某种方法去处理?事件是个非常强大的技术点,这里我们就可以通过事件,将显示内容的Border容器派发处理,通过事件的监听来动态更新其显示内容。首先需要扩展一个事件类:
public   delegate   void  PushpinContentChangedHandler( object  sender,PushpinContentChangedEvantAgrs e);

public   class  PushpinContentChangedEvantAgrs : EventArgs
{
    
public  Border ContentBorder {  get set ; }

    
public  PushpinContentChangedEvantAgrs() { }

    
public  PushpinContentChangedEvantAgrs(Border ContentBorder)
    {
        
this .ContentBorder  =  ContentBorder;
    }
}
 
     接下来为自定义的图钉标注类定义一个事件,事件类型就为上面所定义好的委托类型,传递的事件为PushpinContentChangedEventArgs.
///   <summary>
///  自定义图钉控件
///   </summary>
public   class  PushPinControl : ContentControl
{
    
public   event  PushpinContentChangedHandler ContentChangedEvent;
    现在需要做的就是在当前对象的MouseEnter事件中去触发这个事件,将样式里所定义好的用于显示内容的Border对象获取出来,通过事件参数传递派发出去,让事件监听段可以通过该事件获取事件参数进行ToolPanel内容的呈现更新。所有我们需要改写PushPinControl的OnApplyTemplate方法:
public   override   void  OnApplyTemplate()
{
    
base .OnApplyTemplate();

    
// 从样式模板中获取TextBlock控件
    var textBlock  =  GetTemplateChild( " txtTitle " as  TextBlock;
    textBlock.Text 
=   this .Text;
    
// 从样式模板中获取ToolPanel(既Border布局实现的,详细见样式的定义)控件
    var ToolPanelBorder  =  GetTemplateChild( " ToolPanel " as  Border;
    
// 获取内容Border对象,通过事件将该对象派发出去,在使用段可以通过监听这个事件而获取到内容Border
    var ContentBorder  =  GetTemplateChild( " ContentBorder " as  Border;
    
// 通过事件动态控制ToolPanel的显示和隐藏
     this .MouseEnter  +=  (mes, meo)  =>  
    { 
        ToolPanelBorder.Visibility 
=  Visibility.Visible;  
        
if  (ContentChangedEvent  !=   null )
        {
            ContentChangedEvent(
this new  PushpinContentChangedEvantAgrs(ContentBorder));
        }
    };
    
this .MouseLeave  +=  (mls, mlo)  =>  { ToolPanelBorder.Visibility  =  Visibility.Collapsed; };
}
 
   通过ContentChangedEvent事件的监听动态的去改变ToolPanel里的显示内容就可以达到我们的目的了,比如我们动态的将ToolPanel里的显示内容更改为一张图片,上面使用自定义图钉标注的代码将变成下面这样的。
 
private   void  AddPushPin()
{
    
// 添加Bing Maps Silverlight Control自带的图钉
    
// var pushpin = new Pushpin();
    
// pushpin.Location = new Location(29.5076372217973, 106.489384971208);
    
// 添加自定义的图钉
    var pushpin  =   new  PushPinControl( " D " );
    pushpin.ContentChangedEvent 
+=  (sender, o)  =>
        {
            
// 构造Image对象 用于显示在ToolPanel中
            var image  =   new  Image { Width  =   100 , Height  =   100 , Margin  =   new  Thickness( 8 ) };
            image.Source 
=   new  BitmapImage( new  Uri( " Resources/Smbecker.png " , UriKind.RelativeOrAbsolute));
            Border border 
=  o.ContentBorder;

            border.Child 
=  image;
        };
    MapLayer.AddChild(pushpin, 
new  Location( 29.5076372217973 106.489384971208 ));
}
 
          
 
  之前有网友问到如何实现可拖拽的图钉标注控件,鉴于篇幅的原因这里就不做介绍,不清楚的朋友可以留言讨论。本篇就介绍到这里,欢迎大家前来交流、讨论、拍砖。




本文转自 beniao 51CTO博客,原文链接:http://blog.51cto.com/beniao/300734,如需转载请自行联系原作者

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