前端开发 第三节BootStrap
BootStrap
BootStrap是别人写好的CSS样式，如何使用BootStrap：
- 下载BootStrap
https://v3.bootcss.com/
- 使用
- 在页面上引入BootStrap
- 编写HTML时，按照BootStrap的规定来编写 + 自定制
开发版本：bootstrap.css
生产版本：bootstrap.min.css （去掉空字符，换行符减少大小，产品上线使用）
1.初识BootStrap
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Title</title> <!--开发版本--> <link rel="stylesheet" href="plugins/bootstrap-3.4.1-dist/css/bootstrap.css"> <!--生产版本--> <link rel="stylesheet" href="plugins/bootstrap-3.4.1-dist/css/bootstrap.min.css"> </head> <body> <input type="button" value="提交"> <input type="button" value="提交" class="btn-primary"> <input type="button" value="提交" class="btn-success"> <input type="button" value="提交" class="btn-danger"> <input type="button" value="提交" class="btn-danger btn-xs"> </body> </html>
2.导航条
Step1：打开BootStrap v3官网的组件
Step2：打开导航条
Step3：找到自己喜欢的导航条样式，复制代码
Step4：粘贴在body中，更改自己所需内容
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Title</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="plugins/bootstrap-3.4.1-dist/css/bootstrap.css"> </head> <body> <nav class="navbar navbar-default"> <div class="container-fluid"> <!-- Brand and toggle get grouped for better mobile display --> <div class="navbar-header"> <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#bs-example-navbar-collapse-1" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> </button> <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">商城</a> </div> <!-- Collect the nav links, forms, and other content for toggling --> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="bs-example-navbar-collapse-1"> <ul class="nav navbar-nav"> <li class="active"><a href="#">上海<span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a></li> <li><a href="#">北京</a></li> <li class="dropdown"> <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">APP下载<span class="caret"></span></a> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li><a href="#">Action</a></li> <li><a href="#">Another action</a></li> <li><a href="#">Something else here</a></li> <li role="separator" class="divider"></li> <li><a href="#">Separated link</a></li> <li role="separator" class="divider"></li> <li><a href="#">One more separated link</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> <form class="navbar-form navbar-left"> <div class="form-group"> <input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Search"> </div> <button type="submit" class="btn btn-default">搜索</button> </form> <ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right"> <li><a href="#">登录</a></li> <li><a href="#">注册</a></li> <li class="dropdown"> <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">我的<span class="caret"></span></a> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li><a href="#">Action</a></li> <li><a href="#">Another action</a></li> <li><a href="#">Something else here</a></li> <li role="separator" class="divider"></li> <li><a href="#">Separated link</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div><!-- /.navbar-collapse --> </div><!-- /.container-fluid --> </nav> </body> </html>
Step5：PyCharm小技巧：Reformat Code 规范缩进
3.栅格系统
Step1：打开官网中的全局CSS样式
Step2：根据官网文档可知，系统会自动分为最多12列。
Step3：使用
使用col-xs-6，各分6格：
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Title</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="plugins/bootstrap-3.4.1-dist/css/bootstrap.css"> </head> <body> <div> <div class="col-xs-6" style="background-color: red">1</div> <div class="col-xs-6" style="background-color: blue">2</div> </div> </body> </html>
- 分类
响应式，根据屏幕宽度不同自动调整
.col-sm- 1170px .col-md- 970px .col-lg- 750px
非响应式
.col-xs
列偏移
<div class="col-sm-offset-2 col-xs-6" style="background-color: blue">2</div>
4.案例：博客页面
Step1：设计页面
Step2：使用BootStrap进行搭建
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Title</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="plugins/bootstrap-3.4.1-dist/css/bootstrap.css"> </head> <body> <nav class="navbar navbar-default"> <div class="container-fluid"> <!-- Brand and toggle get grouped for better mobile display --> <div class="navbar-header"> <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#bs-example-navbar-collapse-1" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> </button> <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">商城</a> </div> <!-- Collect the nav links, forms, and other content for toggling --> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="bs-example-navbar-collapse-1"> <ul class="nav navbar-nav"> <li class="active"><a href="#">上海<span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a></li> <li><a href="#">北京</a></li> <li class="dropdown"> <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">APP下载<span class="caret"></span></a> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li><a href="#">Action</a></li> <li><a href="#">Another action</a></li> <li><a href="#">Something else here</a></li> <li role="separator" class="divider"></li> <li><a href="#">Separated link</a></li> <li role="separator" class="divider"></li> <li><a href="#">One more separated link</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> <form class="navbar-form navbar-left"> <div class="form-group"> <input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Search"> </div> <button type="submit" class="btn btn-default">搜索</button> </form> <ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right"> <li><a href="#">登录</a></li> <li><a href="#">注册</a></li> <li class="dropdown"> <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">我的<span class="caret"></span></a> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li><a href="#">Action</a></li> <li><a href="#">Another action</a></li> <li><a href="#">Something else here</a></li> <li role="separator" class="divider"></li> <li><a href="#">Separated link</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div><!-- /.navbar-collapse --> </div><!-- /.container-fluid --> </nav> <div class="container-fluid clearfix"> <div class="col-sm-9"> <div class="media"> <div class="media-left"> <a href="#"> <img class="media-object" data-src="holder.js/64x64" alt="64x64" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" data-holder-rendered="true" style="width: 64px; height: 64px;"> </a> </div> <div class="media-body"> <h4 class="media-heading">Media heading</h4> Cras sit amet nibh libero, in gravida nulla. Nulla vel metus scelerisque ante sollicitudin commodo. Cras purus odio, vestibulum in vulputate at, tempus viverra turpis. Fusce condimentum nunc ac nisi vulputate fringilla. Donec lacinia congue felis in faucibus. </div> </div> <div class="media"> <div class="media-left"> <a href="#"> <img class="media-object" data-src="holder.js/64x64" alt="64x64" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" data-holder-rendered="true" style="width: 64px; height: 64px;"> </a> </div> <div class="media-body"> <h4 class="media-heading">Media heading</h4> Cras sit amet nibh libero, in gravida nulla. Nulla vel metus scelerisque ante sollicitudin commodo. Cras purus odio, vestibulum in vulputate at, tempus viverra turpis. Fusce condimentum nunc ac nisi vulputate fringilla. Donec lacinia congue felis in faucibus. </div> </div> <div class="media"> <div class="media-left"> <a href="#"> <img class="media-object" data-src="holder.js/64x64" alt="64x64" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" data-holder-rendered="true" style="width: 64px; height: 64px;"> </a> </div> <div class="media-body"> <h4 class="media-heading">Media heading</h4> Cras sit amet nibh libero, in gravida nulla. Nulla vel metus scelerisque ante sollicitudin commodo. Cras purus odio, vestibulum in vulputate at, tempus viverra turpis. Fusce condimentum nunc ac nisi vulputate fringilla. Donec lacinia congue felis in faucibus. </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="panel panel-primary"> <div class="panel-heading">最新推荐</div> <div class="panel-body"> Panel content </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-success"> <div class="panel-heading">榜单排行</div> <div class="panel-body"> Panel content </div> </div> </div> </div> </body> </html>
BootStrap使用笔记+案例（下）：https://developer.aliyun.com/article/1427901
