线段树(连载中)

简介: 线段树(连载中)

维护区间加减和区间查询):

模板一:

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
const int N = 1e5 + 10;
int  n, m;
typedef long long ll;
ll ans[N << 2], a[N], tag[N << 2];
inline int ls(int x) {
  return x << 1;
}
inline int rs(int x) {
  return x << 1 | 1;
}
void pushdown(int p, int l, int r) {
  int mid = l + r >> 1;
  ans[ls(p)] += tag[p] * (mid - l + 1);
  ans[rs(p)] += tag[p] * (r - mid);
  tag[ls(p)] += tag[p];
  tag[rs(p)] += tag[p];
  tag[p] = 0;
}
void pushup(int p) {
  ans[p] = ans[ls(p)] + ans[rs(p)];
}
void build(int p, int l, int r) {
  tag[p] = 0;
  if (l == r) {
    ans[p] = a[l];
    return;
  }
  int mid = l + r >> 1;
  build(ls(p), l, mid);
  build(rs(p), mid + 1, r);
  pushup(p);
}
void update(int nl, int nr, int l, int r, int p, int k) {
  if (nl <= l && nr >= r) {
    tag[p] += k;
    ans[p] += k * (r - l + 1);
    return;
  }
  pushdown(p, l, r);
  int  mid = (l + r) >> 1;
  if (nl <= mid) update(nl, nr, l, mid, ls(p), k);
  if (nr > mid) update(nl, nr, mid + 1, r, rs(p), k);
  pushup(p);
}
ll query(int nl, int nr, int l, int r, int p) {
  ll  res = 0;
  if (nl <= l && nr >= r) return ans[p];
  int mid = (l + r) >> 1;
  pushdown(p, l, r);
  if (nl <= mid) res += query(nl, nr, l, mid, ls(p));
  if (nr > mid) res += query(nl, nr, mid + 1, r, rs(p));
  return res;
}
int main() {
  scanf("%d%d", &n, &m);
  for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
    cin >> a[i];
  }
  build(1, 1, n);
  while (m--) {
    int x, y, z, k;
    scanf("%d", &z);
    if (z == 1) {
      scanf("%d%d%d", &x, &y, &k);
      update(x, y, 1, n, 1, k);
    } else {
      scanf("%d%d", &x, &y);
      ll res = query(x, y, 1, n, 1);
      printf("%lld\n", res);
    }
  }
}

线段树模板二:

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
const int N = 1e5 + 10;
int tag[N * 4];
struct node {
  int l;
  int r;
  long long  w;
} tr[N * 4];
int n, m;
int a[N];
int x, y, k;
int s;
void pushup(int p) {
  tr[p].w = tr[p << 1].w + tr[p << 1 | 1].w;
}
void pushdown(int p) {
  int mid = tr[p].r + tr[p].l >> 1;
  tr[p << 1].w += tag[p] * (mid - tr[p].l + 1);
  tr[p << 1 | 1].w += tag[p] * ( tr[p].r - mid);
  tag[p << 1] += tag[p];
  tag[p << 1 | 1] += tag[p];
  tag[p] = 0;
}
void build(int p, int l, int r) {
  tr[p] = {l, r, 0};
  if (l == r) {
    tr[p].w = a[l];
    return ;
  }
  int mid = tr[p].l + tr[p].r >> 1;
  build(p * 2, l, mid);
  build(p * 2 + 1, mid + 1, r);
  pushup(p);
  return ;
}
void  modify(int p, int x, int y, int k) {
  if (tr[p].l >= x && tr[p].r <= y) {
    tr[p].w += k * ( (tr[p].r - tr[p].l + 1));
    tag[p] += k;
    return;
  }
  pushdown(p);
  int mid = tr[p].r + tr[p].l >> 1;
  if (x <= mid) modify(p << 1, x, y, k);
  if (y > mid)  modify(p << 1 | 1, x, y, k);
  pushup(p);
}
long long  query(int p, int x, int y) {
  if (tr[p].l >= x && tr[p].r <= y) {
    return tr[p].w;
  }
  pushdown(p);
  int mid = tr[p].l + tr[p].r >> 1;
  long long t = 0;
  if (x <= mid) t += query(p << 1, x, y);
  if (y > mid)  t += query(p << 1 | 1, x, y);
  return t;
}
int main() {
  cin >> n >> m;
  for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) cin >> a[i];
  build(1, 1, n);
  for (int i = 1; i <= m; i++) {
    cin >> s;
    if (s == 1) {
      cin >> x >> y >> k;
      modify(1, x, y, k);
    } else {
      cin >> x >> y;
      cout << query(1, x, y) << endl;
    }
  }
}

2.线段树模板(同时支持区间加法和乘法,以及求区间和):

#include<cstdio>
#include<iostream>
#include<cstring>
#include<string>
#include<algorithm>
#include<iomanip>
#include<vector>
#include<queue>
#include<map>
#include<unordered_map>
#include<set>
#include<stack>
#include<utility>
#include<cstdlib>
#include<cmath>
using namespace std;
const int N = 1e5 + 10;
typedef long long ll;
struct node {
  ll l;
  ll  r;
  ll add;
  ll mul;
  ll w;
} tr[N * 4];
ll n, m, p;
ll a[N];
inline void pushup(ll u) {
  tr[u].w = (tr[u << 1].w + tr[u << 1 | 1].w) % p;
}
inline void pushdown(ll u) {
  tr[u << 1].w = (tr[u].mul * tr[u << 1].w + tr[u].add * (tr[u << 1].r - tr[u << 1].l + 1)) % p;
  tr[u << 1 | 1].w = (tr[u].mul * tr[u << 1 | 1].w + tr[u].add * (tr[u << 1 | 1].r - tr[u << 1 | 1].l + 1)) % p;
  tr[u << 1].mul = (tr[u].mul * tr[u << 1].mul) % p;
  tr[u << 1 | 1].mul = (tr[u].mul * tr[u << 1 | 1].mul) % p;
  tr[u << 1].add = (tr[u << 1].add * tr[u].mul + tr[u].add) % p;
  tr[u << 1 | 1].add = (tr[u << 1 | 1].add * tr[u].mul + tr[u].add) % p;
  tr[u].mul = 1;
  tr[u].add = 0;
  return;
}
void build(ll u, ll l, ll r) {
  tr[u] = { l, r, 0, 1, 0 };
  if (l == r) {
    tr[u].w = a[l] % p;
    return;
  }
  int mid = l + r >> 1;
  build(u << 1, l, mid);
  build(u << 1 | 1, mid + 1, r);
  pushup(u);
  tr[u].w %= p;
  return;
}
void up1(ll u, ll l, ll r, ll k) {
  if (tr[u].l >= l && tr[u].r <= r) {
    tr[u].w = (tr[u].w * k) % p;
    tr[u].mul = (tr[u].mul * k) % p;
    tr[u].add = (tr[u].add * k) % p;
    return;
  }
  pushdown(u);
  pushup(u);
  int mid = tr[u].l + tr[u].r >> 1;
  if (l <= mid) up1(u << 1, l, r, k);
  if (r > mid) up1(u << 1 | 1, l, r, k);
  pushup(u);
}
void up2(ll u, ll l, ll r, ll k) {
  if (tr[u].l >= l && r >= tr[u].r) {
    tr[u].add = (tr[u].add + k) % p;
    tr[u].w = (tr[u].w + k * (tr[u].r - tr[u].l + 1)) % p;
    return;
  }
  pushdown(u);
  pushup(u);
  int mid = tr[u].l + tr[u].r >> 1;
  if (l <= mid) up2(u << 1, l, r, k);
  if (r > mid)  up2(u << 1 | 1, l, r, k);
  pushup(u);
  return;
}
ll query(ll u, ll l, ll r, ll p) {
  if (tr[u].l >= l && tr[u].r <= r) {
    return tr[u].w % p;
  }
  pushdown(u);
  ll ans = 0;
  int mid = tr[u].l + tr[u].r >> 1;
  if (l <= mid) ans = (query(u << 1, l, r, p)) % p;
  if (r > mid) ans = (ans + query(u << 1 | 1, l, r, p)) % p;
  return ans % p;
}
int main() {
  scanf("%lld%lld%lld", &n, &m, &p);
  for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) scanf("%lld", &a[i]);
  build(1, 1, n);
  for (int i = 1; i <= m; i++) {
    long long x, y, k;
    ll op;
    scanf("%lld", &op);
    if (op == 1) {
      scanf("%lld%lld%lld", &x, &y, &k);
      up1(1, x, y, k);
    }
    else if (op == 2) {
      scanf("%lld%lld%lld", &x, &y, &k);
      up2(1, x, y, k);
    }
    else {
      scanf("%lld%lld", &x, &y);
      printf("%lld\n", query(1, x, y, p));
    }
  }
  return 0;
}

cf例题,区间改变和单点改变

/*********************************************************************
    程序名:
    版权:
    作者: Joecai
    日期: 2022-05-16 13:57
    说明:
*********************************************************************/
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
#define x first
#define y second
# define rep(i,be,en) for(int i=be;i<=en;i++)
# define pre(i,be,en) for(int i=be;i>=en;i--)
#define ll long long
#define endl "\n"
#define LOCAL
#define pb push_back
#define int long long
typedef pair<ll, ll> PII;
#define eb emplace_back
#define sp(i) setprecision(i)
const int N = 2e5 + 10, INF = 0x3f3f3f3f;
int n, q;
struct node
{
  int l;
  int r;
  int sum;
  int tag;
} tr[N << 2];
int a[N];
void pushup(int u)
{
  tr[u].sum = tr[u << 1].sum + tr[u << 1 | 1].sum;
}
void pushdown(int u)
{
  tr[u << 1].sum = (tr[u << 1].r - tr[u << 1].l + 1) * tr[u].tag;
  tr[u << 1 | 1].sum = (tr[u << 1 | 1].r - tr[u << 1 | 1].l + 1) * tr[u].tag;
  tr[u << 1].tag = tr[u].tag;
  tr[u << 1 | 1].tag = tr[u].tag;
  tr[u].tag = 0;
}
void build(int u, int l, int r)
{
  tr[u] = {l, r};
  if (l == r)
    {
      tr[u].sum = a[l];
      return;
    }
  int mid = l + r >> 1;
  build(u << 1, l, mid);
  build(u << 1 | 1, mid + 1, r);
  pushup(u);
}
void update(int u, int l, int r, int s)
{
  if (tr[u].r <= r && tr[u].l >= l)
    {
      tr[u].sum = (tr[u].r - tr[u].l + 1) * s;
      tr[u].tag = s;
      return;
    }
  if (tr[u].tag)
    pushdown(u);
  int mid = tr[u].l + tr[u].r >> 1;
  if (l <= mid)
    update(u << 1, l, r, s);
  if (r > mid)
    update(u << 1 | 1, l, r, s);
  pushup(u);
}
int query(int u, int l, int r)
{
  if (tr[u].r <= r && tr[u].l >= l)
    {
      return tr[u].sum;
    }
  if (tr[u].tag)
    pushdown(u);
  int sum = 0;
  int mid = tr[u].r + tr[u].l >> 1;
  if (l <= mid)
    sum += query(u << 1, l, r);
  if (r > mid)
    sum += query(u << 1 | 1, l, r);
  return sum;
}
void solve()
{
  cin >> n >> q;
  for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
    {
      cin >> a[i];
    }
  build(1, 1, n);
  for (int i = 1; i <= q; i++)
    {
      int op, x, y;
      cin >> op;
      if (op == 1)
        {
          cin >> x >> y;
          update(1, x, x, y);
          cout << query(1, 1, n) << endl;
        }
      else
        {
          cin >> y;
          update(1, 1, n, y);
          cout << query(1, 1, n) << endl;
        }
    }
}
signed main()
{
  std::ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
  std::cin.tie(nullptr);
  //#ifdef LOCAL
  //freopen("data.in.txt","r",stdin);
  //freopen("data.out.txt","w",stdout);
  //#endif
  int __ = 1;
  //cin>>__;
  while (__--)
    {
      solve();
    }
  return 0;
}
/*
5 5
1 2 3 4 5
1 1 5
2 10
1 5 11
1 4 1
2 1
19
50
51
42
5
*/


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