【单片机课程设计】汽车盲区检测系统-阿里云开发者社区

课程设计要求：

汽车盲区检测行人，包括左前、右前、左后、右后。

显示各路距离，当距离比较近蜂鸣器提示报警，且阈值可以设置。

主要设计思想
四个方位分别一个超声波模块，利用程序实现分时检测
每个超声波反应时间不得少于80ms，所以需要处理相隔时间

主要代码：

1602.c

#include "1602.h"
#include "delay.h"
#define CHECK_BUSY
sbit RS = P2^6;   //定义端口 
sbit RW = P2^5;
sbit EN = P2^7;
#define RS_CLR RS=0 
#define RS_SET RS=1
#define RW_CLR RW=0 
#define RW_SET RW=1 
#define EN_CLR EN=0
#define EN_SET EN=1
#define DataPort P0
/*------------------------------------------------
              判忙函数
------------------------------------------------*/
 bit LCD_Check_Busy(void) 
 { 
#ifdef CHECK_BUSY
 DataPort= 0xFF; 
 RS_CLR; 
 RW_SET; 
 EN_CLR; 
 _nop_(); 
 EN_SET;
 return (bit)(DataPort & 0x80);
#else
 return 0;
#endif
 }
/*------------------------------------------------
              写入命令函数
-----------------   ----------------------------*/
 void LCD_Write_Com(unsigned char com) 
 {  
 while(LCD_Check_Busy()); //忙则等待
 RS_CLR; 
 RW_CLR; 
 EN_SET; 
 DataPort= com; 
 _nop_(); 
 EN_CLR;
 }
/*------------------------------------------------
              写入数据函数
------------------------------------------------*/
 void LCD_Write_Data(unsigned char Data) 
 { 
 while(LCD_Check_Busy()); //忙则等待
 RS_SET; 
 RW_CLR; 
 EN_SET; 
 DataPort= Data; 
 _nop_();
 EN_CLR;
 }
/*------------------------------------------------
                清屏函数
------------------------------------------------*/
 void LCD_Clear(void) 
 { 
 LCD_Write_Com(0x01); 
 DelayMs(5);
 }
/*------------------------------------------------
              写入字符串函数
------------------------------------------------*/
 void LCD_Write_String(unsigned char x,unsigned char y,unsigned char *s) 
 {     
 if (y == 0) 
  {     
   LCD_Write_Com(0x80 + x);     //表示第一行
  }
 else 
  {      
  LCD_Write_Com(0xC0 + x);      //表示第二行
  }        
 while (*s) 
  {     
 LCD_Write_Data( *s);     
 s ++;     
  }
 }
/*------------------------------------------------
              初始化函数
------------------------------------------------*/
 void LCD_Init(void) 
 {
   LCD_Write_Com(0x38);    /*显示模式设置*/ 
   DelayMs(5); 
   LCD_Write_Com(0x38); 
   DelayMs(5); 
   LCD_Write_Com(0x38); 
   DelayMs(5); 
   LCD_Write_Com(0x38);  
   LCD_Write_Com(0x08);    /*显示关闭*/ 
   LCD_Write_Com(0x01);    /*显示清屏*/ 
   LCD_Write_Com(0x06);    /*显示光标移动设置*/ 
   DelayMs(5); 
   LCD_Write_Com(0x0C);    /*显示开及光标设置*/
   }

1602.h

#include<reg52.h>
#include<intrins.h>
#ifndef __1602_H__
#define __1602_H__
 bit LCD_Check_Busy(void) ;
 void LCD_Write_Com(unsigned char com) ;
 void LCD_Write_Data(unsigned char Data) ;
 void LCD_Clear(void) ;
 void LCD_Write_String(unsigned char x,unsigned char y,unsigned char *s) ;
 void LCD_Write_Char(unsigned char x,unsigned char y,unsigned char Data) ;
 void LCD_Init(void) ;
 void Lcd_User_Chr(void);   
#endif

delay.c

#include "delay.h"
/*------------------------------------------------
 uS延时函数，含有输入参数 unsigned char t，无返回值
 unsigned char 是定义无符号字符变量，其值的范围是
 0~255 这里使用晶振12M，精确延时请使用汇编,大致延时
 长度如下 T=tx2+5 uS 
------------------------------------------------*/
void DelayUs2x(unsigned char t)
{   
 while(--t);
}
/*------------------------------------------------
 mS延时函数，含有输入参数 unsigned char t，无返回值
 unsigned char 是定义无符号字符变量，其值的范围是
 0~255 这里使用晶振12M，精确延时请使用汇编
------------------------------------------------*/
void DelayMs(unsigned char t)
{
 while(t--)
 {
     //大致延时1mS
     DelayUs2x(245);
   DelayUs2x(245);
 }
}

delay.h

#ifndef __DELAY_H__
#define __DELAY_H__
void DelayUs2x(unsigned char t);
void DelayMs(unsigned char t);
#endif

main.c

#include<reg52.h>
#include"1602.h"
#include"delay.h"
#define  K1_MODE  1
#define  K2_ADD  2
#define  K3_DEC  3
#define uchar unsigned char
#define uint unsigned int
sbit trig1=P1^7; // 分别对应四路超声波
sbit echo1=P1^6;
sbit trig2=P1^5;
sbit echo2=P1^4;
sbit trig3=P1^3;
sbit echo3=P1^2;
sbit trig4=P1^1;
sbit echo4=P1^0;
sbit led1=P2^0; // 四个led灯显示哪一路距离过近
sbit led2=P2^1;
sbit led3=P2^2;
sbit led4=P2^3;
sbit beep=P3^4; // 蜂鸣器报警
sbit key3=P3^2; // 模式选择
sbit key2=P3^0; // 减小阈值
sbit key1=P3^1; // 增加阈值
uchar mode=0;                               // 设置阈值模式选择
uchar s1=0,s2=0,s3=0,s4=0;                  // 四路距离
uchar minx1=20,minx2=20,minx3=20,minx4=20;  // 设置阈值默认值
uchar dis_buf[4];                           // 暂存距离值
void delay_us(uint c)
{
  while(--c);
}
void delay_10ms(uchar c1)
{
  uchar a,b;
  for(;c1>0;c1--)
  {
    for(a=38;a>0;a--)
      for(b=130;b>0;b--);
    if(key1==0||key2==0||key3==0)
      return;
  } 
}
void Dis_DataPros()
{
  // 显示四路距离
  LCD_Write_String(0,0,"LF:");
  dis_buf[0]=s1/100+'0';
  dis_buf[1]=s1/10%10+'0';
  dis_buf[2]=s1%10+'0';
  dis_buf[3]='\0';
  LCD_Write_String(3,0,dis_buf);
  LCD_Write_String(8,0,"RF:");
  dis_buf[0]=s2/100+'0';
  dis_buf[1]=s2/10%10+'0';
  dis_buf[2]=s2%10+'0';
  dis_buf[3]='\0';
  LCD_Write_String(11,0,dis_buf);
  LCD_Write_String(0,1,"LB:");
  dis_buf[0]=s3/100+'0';
  dis_buf[1]=s3/10%10+'0';
  dis_buf[2]=s3%10+'0';
  dis_buf[3]='\0';
  LCD_Write_String(3,1,dis_buf);
  LCD_Write_String(8,1,"RB:");
  dis_buf[0]=s4/100+'0';
  dis_buf[1]=s4/10%10+'0';
  dis_buf[2]=s4%10+'0';
  dis_buf[3]='\0';
  LCD_Write_String(11,1,dis_buf);
}
//mode:  0-单次扫描   1~4-连续扫描
uchar KEY_Scan(uchar mode)
{
  static uchar is_key=1;                  // 按键标志位
  if(is_key&&(key1==0||key2==0||key3==0)) // 某一个按键按下
  {
    // 消抖
    delay_10ms(1);
    is_key=0;              // 标志位变0
    if(key3==0)        // 检测三个按键
    {
      return K1_MODE;
    }
    else if(key1==0)
    {
      return K2_ADD;
    }
    else if(key2==0)
    {
      return K3_DEC;  
    }
  }
  else if(key1==1&&key2==1&&key3==1)
  {
    is_key=1;        // 按键抬起，标志位重置
  }
  if(mode)                   // 连续扫描
  {
    is_key=1;
  }
  return 0; 
}
void KEY_Pros()
{
  uchar key;
  key=KEY_Scan(0);
  if(key==K1_MODE)   // 模式选择
  {
    mode++;
    LCD_Clear();
    if(mode==1) LCD_Write_String(0,0,"SETX1:   ");    
    else if(mode==2) LCD_Write_String(0,0,"SETX2:   ");
    else if(mode==3) LCD_Write_String(0,0,"SETX3:   ");   
    else if(mode==4) LCD_Write_String(0,0,"SETX4:   ");
    else 
    {
      mode=0;
      Dis_DataPros(); 
    }
  }
  if(mode==1)  // 左前阈值设置
  {
    switch(key) 
    {
      case K2_ADD:     // 加
            minx1++;
            if(minx1>=200) minx1=0;
            break;
      case K3_DEC:   // 减
            minx1--;
            if(minx1<=0) minx1=200;
            break;
    }
    dis_buf[0]=minx1/100+'0';
    dis_buf[1]=minx1/10%10+'0';
    dis_buf[2]=minx1%10+'0';
    dis_buf[3]='\0';
      LCD_Write_String(6,0,dis_buf);
  } 
  else if(mode==2)  // 右前阈值设置
  {
    switch(key) 
    {
      case K2_ADD:     // 加
            minx2++;
            if(minx2>=200) minx2=0;
            break;
      case K3_DEC:   // 减
            minx2--;
            if(minx2<=0) minx2=200;
            break;
    }
    dis_buf[0]=minx2/100+'0';
    dis_buf[1]=minx2/10%10+'0';
    dis_buf[2]=minx2%10+'0';
    dis_buf[3]='\0';
      LCD_Write_String(6,0,dis_buf);
  }
  else if(mode==3)  // 左后阈值设置
  {
    switch(key) 
    {
      case K2_ADD:     // 加
            minx3++;
            if(minx3>=200) minx3=0;
            break;
      case K3_DEC:   // 减
            minx3--;
            if(minx3<=0) minx3=200;
            break;
    }
    dis_buf[0]=minx3/100+'0';
    dis_buf[1]=minx3/10%10+'0';
    dis_buf[2]=minx3%10+'0';
    dis_buf[3]='\0';
      LCD_Write_String(6,0,dis_buf);;
  }
  else if(mode==4)  // 右后阈值设置
  {
    switch(key) 
    {
      case K2_ADD:     // 加
            minx4++;
            if(minx3>=200) minx3=0;
            break;
      case K3_DEC:   // 减
            minx4--;
            if(minx3<=0) minx3=200;
            break;
    }
    dis_buf[0]=minx4/100+'0';
    dis_buf[1]=minx4/10%10+'0';
    dis_buf[2]=minx4%10+'0';
    dis_buf[3]='\0';
      LCD_Write_String(6,0,dis_buf);
  }
}
void sound()
{
  uchar i=100;
  while(i--)
  {
    beep=!beep;
    delay_us(10);
  }
}
void dis_compare()
{
  if(s1<=minx1||s2<=minx2||s3<=minx3||s4<=minx4)
    if(s1!=0&&s2!=0&&s3!=0&&s4!=0)
      sound();
}
void update_1()
{
  s1=(TH0*256+TL0)/58;
  Dis_DataPros();
  if(s1<=minx1)
  {
    LCD_Write_Com(0x86);
    LCD_Write_Data('!');
    led1=0; sound();
  }
  else if(s1>minx1)
  {
    LCD_Write_Com(0x86);
    LCD_Write_Data(' ');
    led1=1;
  }
}
void update_2()
{
  s2=(TH0*256+TL0)/58;
  Dis_DataPros();
  if(s2<=minx2)
  {
    LCD_Write_Com(0x8e);
    LCD_Write_Data('!');
    led2=0; sound();
  }
  else if(s2>minx2)
  {
    LCD_Write_Com(0x8e);
    LCD_Write_Data(' ');
    led2=1;
  }
}
void update_3()
{
  s3=(TH0*256+TL0)/58;
  Dis_DataPros();
  if(s3<=minx3)
  {
    LCD_Write_Com(0xc6);
    LCD_Write_Data('!');
    led3=0; sound();
  }
  else if(s3>minx3)
  {
    LCD_Write_Com(0xc6);
    LCD_Write_Data(' ');
    led3=1;
  }
}
void update_4()
{
  s4=(TH0*256+TL0)/58;
  Dis_DataPros();
  if(s4<=minx4)
  {
    LCD_Write_Com(0xce);
    LCD_Write_Data('!');
    led4=0; sound();
  }
  else if(s4>minx4)
  {
    LCD_Write_Com(0xce);
    LCD_Write_Data(' ');
    led4=1;
  }
}
void send_1()
{
  trig1=1;
  delay_us(5);
  trig1=0;
  while(echo1==0)
  {
    if(key1==0||key2==0||key3==0)
      return;
  }
  TR0=1;
  TH0=0;
  TL0=0;
  while(echo1==1)
  {
    if(key1==0||key2==0||key3==0)
      return;
  }
  TR0=0;    
  update_1();
  delay_10ms(2);
}
void send_2()
{
  trig2=1;
  delay_us(5);
  trig2=0;
  while(echo2==0)
  {
    if(key1==0||key2==0||key3==0)
      return;
  }
  TR0=1;
  TH0=0;
  TL0=0;
  while(echo2==1)
  {
    if(key1==0||key2==0||key3==0)
      return;
  }
  TR0=0;    
  update_2();
  delay_10ms(2);
}
void send_3()
{
  trig3=1;
  delay_us(5);
  trig3=0;
  while(echo3==0)
  {
    if(key1==0||key2==0||key3==0)
    return;
  }
  TR0=1;
  TH0=0;
  TL0=0;
  while(echo3==1)
  {
    if(key1==0||key2==0||key3==0)
      return;
  }
  TR0=0;    
  update_3();
  delay_10ms(2);
}
void send_4()
{
  trig4=1;
  delay_us(5);
  trig4=0;
  while(echo4==0)
  {
    if(key1==0||key2==0||key3==0)
      return;
  }
  TR0=1;
  TH0=0;
  TL0=0;
  while(echo4==1)
  {
    if(key1==0||key2==0||key3==0)
      return;
  }
  TR0=0;    
  update_4();
  delay_10ms(2);
}
void main()
{
  TMOD=0X01;  
  TH0=0;
  TL0=0;
  ET0=1;
  EA=1;
  LCD_Init();  // LCD初始化
  DelayMs(20); //延时有助于稳定
  LCD_Clear(); // 清屏
  while(1)
  {
    send_1();   
    send_2();   
    send_3();   
    send_4();   
    dis_compare();  
    if(mode==0) Dis_DataPros();   
    KEY_Pros();
    while(mode!=0) KEY_Pros();
  }
}

【单片机课程设计】汽车盲区检测系统

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