问题描述如下:
拿起了封尘已久的ThinkPad,输入 sudo apt update 的时候,发现这个命令变得不好使了,具体出现的问题如下图所示:
#( 09/08/19@ 2:44下午 )( python@Sakura ):~/下载/shadowsocksr@manyuser✔ sudo apt update 忽略:1 http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb stable InRelease 命中:2 http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb stable Release 0% [正在连接 cn.archive.ubuntu.com] [正在连接 cz.archive.ubuntu.co0% [正在连接 c0% [错误:4 http://ppa.launchpad.net/obsproject/obs-studio/ubuntu bionic InRelease 无法解析域名“ppa.launchpad.net” 错误:5 http://cz.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic InRelease 无法解析域名“cz.archive.ubuntu.com” 错误:6 https://packages.microsoft.com/ubuntu/18.04/prod bionic InRelease 无法解析域名“packages.microsoft.com” 错误:7 https://download.sublimetext.com apt/stable/ InRelease 无法解析域名“download.sublimetext.com” 错误:8 https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu bionic InRelease 无法解析域名“mirrors.ustc.edu.cn” 错误:9 http://archive.ubuntukylin.com:10006/ubuntukylin xenial InRelease 无法解析域名“archive.ubuntukylin.com” 错误:10 http://ppa.launchpad.net/ondrej/php/ubuntu bionic InRelease 无法解析域名“ppa.launchpad.net” 错误:11 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic InRelease 无法解析域名“cn.archive.ubuntu.com” 错误:12 http://packages.microsoft.com/repos/vscode stable InRelease 无法解析域名“packages.microsoft.com” 错误:13 http://ppa.launchpad.net/openjdk-r/ppa/ubuntu bionic InRelease 无法解析域名“ppa.launchpad.net” 错误:14 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates InRelease 无法解析域名“cn.archive.ubuntu.com” 错误:15 http://ppa.launchpad.net/openshot.developers/ppa/ubuntu bionic InRelease 无法解析域名“ppa.launchpad.net” 错误:16 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security InRelease 无法解析域名“cn.archive.ubuntu.com” 错误:17 http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntu-toolchain-r/test/ubuntu bionic InRelease 无法解析域名“ppa.launchpad.net” 错误:18 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-proposed InRelease 无法解析域名“cn.archive.ubuntu.com” 错误:19 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu bionic InRelease 无法解析域名“ppa.launchpad.net” 正在读取软件包列表... 完成 正在分析软件包的依赖关系树 正在读取状态信息... 完成 有 382 个软件包可以升级。请执行 ‘apt list --upgradable’ 来查看它们。 W: 无法下载 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/bionic/InRelease 无法解析域名“cn.archive.ubuntu.com” W: 无法下载 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/bionic-updates/InRelease 无法解析域名“cn.archive.ubuntu.com” W: 无法下载 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/bionic-security/InRelease 无法解析域名“cn.archive.ubuntu.com” W: 无法下载 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/bionic-proposed/InRelease 无法解析域名“cn.archive.ubuntu.com” W: 无法下载 http://cz.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/bionic/InRelease 无法解析域名“cz.archive.ubuntu.com” W: 无法下载 https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu/dists/bionic/InRelease 无法解析域名“mirrors.ustc.edu.cn” W: 无法下载 https://packages.microsoft.com/ubuntu/18.04/prod/dists/bionic/InRelease 无法解析域名“packages.microsoft.com” W: 无法下载 http://ppa.launchpad.net/obsproject/obs-studio/ubuntu/dists/bionic/InRelease 无法解析域名“ppa.launchpad.net” W: 无法下载 http://ppa.launchpad.net/ondrej/php/ubuntu/dists/bionic/InRelease 无法解析域名“ppa.launchpad.net” W: 无法下载 http://ppa.launchpad.net/openjdk-r/ppa/ubuntu/dists/bionic/InRelease 无法解析域名“ppa.launchpad.net” W: 无法下载 http://ppa.launchpad.net/openshot.developers/ppa/ubuntu/dists/bionic/InRelease 无法解析域名“ppa.launchpad.net” W: 无法下载 http://archive.ubuntukylin.com:10006/ubuntukylin/dists/xenial/InRelease 无法解析域名“archive.ubuntukylin.com” W: 无法下载 https://download.sublimetext.com/apt/stable/InRelease 无法解析域名“download.sublimetext.com” W: 无法下载 http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntu-toolchain-r/test/ubuntu/dists/bionic/InRelease 无法解析域名“ppa.launchpad.net” W: 无法下载 http://packages.microsoft.com/repos/vscode/dists/stable/InRelease 无法解析域名“packages.microsoft.com” W: 无法下载 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu/dists/bionic/InRelease 无法解析域名“ppa.launchpad.net” W: 部分索引文件下载失败。如果忽略它们,那将转而使用旧的索引文件。
我们可以看到,大概我们无法对像"cn.archive.ubuntu.com"、"packages.microsoft.com"之类的网站进行域名解析。出现这一问题主要是因为DNS解析有误,或者是DNS未配置。我们可以查看一下DNS Server:
cat /etc/resolv.conf # This file is managed by man:systemd-resolved(8). Do not edit. # # This is a dynamic resolv.conf file for connecting local clients to the # internal DNS stub resolver of systemd-resolved. This file lists all # configured search domains. # # Run "systemd-resolve --status" to see details about the uplink DNS servers # currently in use. # # Third party programs must not access this file directly, but only through the # symlink at /etc/resolv.conf. To manage man:resolv.conf(5) in a different way, # replace this symlink by a static file or a different symlink. # # See man:systemd-resolved.service(8) for details about the supported modes of # operation for /etc/resolv.conf. nameserver 127.0.0.53 options edns0 search DHCP HOST
只有一个DNS Server的地址 127.0.0.53,我们可以采取如下方法给其配置DNS Server。
解决方案:
方案一:重启会失效
我们只需要加入DNS服务器地址,让其能够自动去解析即可。不过有个问题就是重启以后可能会失效,需要重新对其进行配置。
1. sudo vim /etc/resolv.conf # 添加如下内容 nameserver 8.8.8.8 nameserver 8.8.4.4 nameserver 127.0.0.1 2. 输入Esc,:wq,保存并退出 3. sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart
我们再输入 sudo apt update 进行更新即可。
方案二:永久有效
1. sudo apt install resolvconf 2. sudo vim /etc/resolvconf/resolv.conf.d/base 在里面插入: nameserver 8.8.8.8 nameserver 8.8.4.4 nameserver 127.0.0.1 3. 输入Esc,:wq,保存并退出 4. sudo resolvconf -u 5. cat /etc/resolv.conf # Dynamic resolv.conf(5) file for glibc resolver(3) generated by resolvconf(8) # DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE BY HAND -- YOUR CHANGES WILL BE OVERWRITTEN nameserver 8.8.8.8 nameserver 8.8.4.4
在这里,我还要提一点相关内容。虽然我按照方案二并没有达到想要的这种结果(理论上应该是没问题的),可能是因为我这边配置全局代理,让它默认自动走本地代理路线,所以DNS Server解析的地址为127.0.0.1,不过至少已经可以使用了,如果方案二行不通的同学,你可以采用方案一,稍微麻烦一点,每次都要进行修改罢了。
最终的结果如下:
#( 09/08/19@ 2:58下午 )( python@Sakura ):~/下载/shadowsocksr@manyuser✔ sudo apt update 忽略:1 http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb stable InRelease 命中:2 http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb stable Release 获取:3 http://archive.ubuntukylin.com:10006/ubuntukylin xenial InRelease [18.1 kB] 获取:4 http://packages.microsoft.com/repos/vscode stable InRelease [3,181 B] 命中:6 http://ppa.launchpad.net/obsproject/obs-studio/ubuntu bionic InRelease 命中:7 https://packages.microsoft.com/ubuntu/18.04/prod bionic InRelease 获取:8 http://packages.microsoft.com/repos/vscode stable/main amd64 Packages [139 kB] 命中:9 http://cz.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic InRelease 命中:10 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic InRelease 命中:11 http://ppa.launchpad.net/ondrej/php/ubuntu bionic InRelease 命中:12 https://download.sublimetext.com apt/stable/ InRelease 获取:13 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates InRelease [88.7 kB] 命中:14 http://ppa.launchpad.net/openjdk-r/ppa/ubuntu bionic InRelease 命中:15 http://ppa.launchpad.net/openshot.developers/ppa/ubuntu bionic InRelease 命中:16 http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntu-toolchain-r/test/ubuntu bionic InRelease 命中:17 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu bionic InRelease 获取:18 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security InRelease [88.7 kB] 获取:19 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-proposed InRelease [242 kB] 命中:20 https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu bionic InRelease 获取:21 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [285 kB] 获取:22 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main DEP-11 48x48 Icons [70.9 kB] 获取:23 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main DEP-11 64x64 Icons [140 kB] 获取:24 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/multiverse amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [2,464 B] 获取:25 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/universe amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [253 kB] 获取:26 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/universe DEP-11 48x48 Icons [197 kB] 获取:27 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/universe DEP-11 64x64 Icons [447 kB] 获取:28 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/main amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [22.7 kB] 获取:29 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/main DEP-11 48x48 Icons [10.4 kB] 获取:30 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/main DEP-11 64x64 Icons [31.7 kB] 获取:31 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/multiverse amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [2,464 B] 获取:32 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/universe amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [42.1 kB] 获取:33 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/universe DEP-11 48x48 Icons [16.4 kB] 获取:34 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/universe DEP-11 64x64 Icons [111 kB] 获取:35 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-proposed/main amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [7,160 B] 已下载 2,220 kB,耗时 35秒 (63.8 kB/s) 正在读取软件包列表... 完成 正在分析软件包的依赖关系树 正在读取状态信息... 完成 有 383 个软件包可以升级。请执行 ‘apt list --upgradable’ 来查看它们。
这样就OK了。