创建角色
语法:
CREATE ROLE role [, role]...
role同user一样也由Name和Host这两部分组成,其中:
- Name不能为空;
- Host需满足如下规则:
-
- 必须是纯IP地址,可以包含下划线(_)和百分号(%),但这两个符号仅代表2个普通字符,并不具备通配符意义;
- Host留空等于%,但也是精准匹配,不具备通配符意义。
示例:
mysql> CREATE ROLE 'role_ro'@'%', 'role_write';
删除角色
语法:
DROP ROLE role [, role] ...
示例:
mysql> DROP ROLE 'role_ro'@'%';
授予角色
将权限授予角色
语法:
GRANT priv_type [, priv_type] ... ON priv_level TO role [, role]... [WITH GRANT OPTION]
示例:
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON db1.* TO 'role_write';
将角色授予用户
语法:
GRANT role [, role] ...
TO user_or_role [, user_or_role] ...[WITH ADMIN OPTION]
说明:
- 执行该命令必须满足如下条件的其中之一:
-
- 当前用户有CREATE_USER权限;
- 当前用户对Role有admin权限;
- 如果包含WITH ADMIN OPTION选项,则目标用户对该Role拥有admin权限;
- 将角色授予用户并不代表此用户已拥有该角色下的权限,您还需要通过
SET DEFAULT ROLE
语句和SET ROLE
语句为用户设置需要激活的角色。
示例:
mysql> GRANT 'role_write' TO 'user1'@'127.0.0.1';
设置默认角色
语法:
SET DEFAULT ROLE
{NONE | ALL | role [, role ] ...}
TO user [, user ] ...
执行该命令必须满足如下条件的其中之一:
- 语句中所提到的Role已通过GRANT命令授予给目标用户;
- 当前用户为目标用户,或当前用户有CREATE_USER权限。
示例:
mysql> SET DEFAULT ROLE 'role_write' TO 'user1'@'127.0.0.1';
设置当前连接角色
语法:
SET ROLE {
DEFAULT
| NONE
| ALL
| ALL EXCEPT role [, role ] ...
| role [, role ] ...
}
说明
- 若选择执行
SET ROLE DEFAULT
,则当前激活的角色为SET DEFAULT ROLE
命令中选择的角色; - 通过该语法激活的角色仅对使用当前连接的用户生效。
示例:
mysql> SET ROLE 'role_write';;
查看角色权限
语法:
SHOW GRANTS
[FOR user_or_role
[USING role [, role] ...]]
示例:
mysql> SHOW GRANTS FOR 'role_write'@'%';
+---------------------------------------------------+
| GRANTS FOR 'ROLE_WRITE'@'%' |
+---------------------------------------------------+
| GRANT USAGE ON . TO 'role_write'@'%' |
| GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON db1.* TO 'role_write'@'%' |
+---------------------------------------------------+
mysql> SHOW GRANTS FOR 'user1'@'127.0.0.1' USING 'role_write';
+------------------------------------------------------+
| GRANTS FOR 'USER1'@'127.0.0.1' |
+------------------------------------------------------+
| GRANT USAGE ON . TO 'user1'@'127.0.0.1' |
| GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON db1.* TO 'user1'@'127.0.0.1' |
| GRANT 'role_write'@'%' TO 'user1'@'127.0.0.1' |
+------------------------------------------------------+
-- 以user1的会话执行
mysql> SELECT CURRENT_ROLE();
+------------------+
| CURRENT_ROLE() |
+------------------+
| 'role_write'@'%' |
+------------------+
回收角色
回收角色的权限
语法:
REVOKE priv_type [, priv_type] ... ON priv_level FROM role [, role]...
示例:
mysql> REVOKE ALL PRIVILEGES ON db1.* FROM 'role_write';
mysql> SHOW GRANTS FOR 'role_write'@'%';
+----------------------------------------+
| GRANTS FOR 'ROLE_WRITE'@'%' |
+----------------------------------------+
| GRANT USAGE ON . TO 'role_write'@'%' |
+----------------------------------------+
回收用户的权限
语法:
REVOKE role [, role ] ... FROM user_or_role [, user_or_role ] ...
示例:
mysql> SHOW GRANTS FOR 'user1'@'127.0.0.1';
+-----------------------------------------------+
| GRANTS FOR 'USER1'@'127.0.0.1' |
+-----------------------------------------------+
| GRANT USAGE ON . TO 'user1'@'127.0.0.1' |
| GRANT SELECT ON db1.* TO 'user1'@'127.0.0.1' |
| GRANT 'role_write'@'%' TO 'user1'@'127.0.0.1' |
+-----------------------------------------------+
mysql> REVOKE 'role_write' FROM 'user1'@'127.0.0.1';
mysql> SHOW GRANTS FOR 'user1'@'127.0.0.1';
+----------------------------------------------+
| GRANTS FOR 'USER1'@'127.0.0.1' |
+----------------------------------------------+
| GRANT USAGE ON . TO 'user1'@'127.0.0.1' |
| GRANT SELECT ON db1.* TO 'user1'@'127.0.0.1' |
+----------------------------------------------+