参考资料：http://blog.csdn.net/freeelinux/article/details/52350257
《Linux高性能服务器编程，游双》第15章，进程池和线程池
1、线程池服务器程序
进程池的实现processpool.h
#ifndef PROCESSPOOL_H #define PROCESSPOOL_H #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <netinet/in.h> #include <arpa/inet.h> #include <assert.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <errno.h> #include <string.h> #include <fcntl.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <sys/epoll.h> #include <signal.h> #include <sys/wait.h> #include <sys/stat.h> class process { public: process() : m_pid( -1 ){} public: pid_t m_pid; int m_pipefd[2]; }; template< typename T > class processpool { private: processpool( int listenfd, int process_number = 8 ); public: static processpool< T >* create( int listenfd, int process_number = 8 ) { if( !m_instance ) { m_instance = new processpool< T >( listenfd, process_number ); } return m_instance; } ~processpool() { delete [] m_sub_process; } void run(); private: void setup_sig_pipe(); void run_parent(); void run_child(); private: static const int MAX_PROCESS_NUMBER = 16; static const int USER_PER_PROCESS = 65536; static const int MAX_EVENT_NUMBER = 10000; int m_process_number; int m_idx; int m_epollfd; int m_listenfd; int m_stop; process* m_sub_process; static processpool< T >* m_instance; }; template< typename T > processpool< T >* processpool< T >::m_instance = NULL; static int sig_pipefd[2]; static int setnonblocking( int fd ) { int old_option = fcntl( fd, F_GETFL ); int new_option = old_option | O_NONBLOCK; fcntl( fd, F_SETFL, new_option ); return old_option; } static void addfd( int epollfd, int fd ) { epoll_event event; event.data.fd = fd; event.events = EPOLLIN | EPOLLET; epoll_ctl( epollfd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, fd, &event ); setnonblocking( fd ); } static void removefd( int epollfd, int fd ) { epoll_ctl( epollfd, EPOLL_CTL_DEL, fd, 0 ); close( fd ); } static void sig_handler( int sig ) { int save_errno = errno; int msg = sig; send( sig_pipefd[1], ( char* )&msg, 1, 0 ); errno = save_errno; } static void addsig( int sig, void( handler )(int), bool restart = true ) { struct sigaction sa; memset( &sa, '\0', sizeof( sa ) ); sa.sa_handler = handler; if( restart ) { sa.sa_flags |= SA_RESTART; } sigfillset( &sa.sa_mask ); assert( sigaction( sig, &sa, NULL ) != -1 ); } template< typename T > processpool< T >::processpool( int listenfd, int process_number ) : m_listenfd( listenfd ), m_process_number( process_number ), m_idx( -1 ), m_stop( false ) { assert( ( process_number > 0 ) && ( process_number <= MAX_PROCESS_NUMBER ) ); m_sub_process = new process[ process_number ]; assert( m_sub_process ); for( int i = 0; i < process_number; ++i ) { int ret = socketpair( PF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0, m_sub_process[i].m_pipefd ); assert( ret == 0 ); m_sub_process[i].m_pid = fork(); assert( m_sub_process[i].m_pid >= 0 ); if( m_sub_process[i].m_pid > 0 ) { close( m_sub_process[i].m_pipefd[1] ); continue; } else { close( m_sub_process[i].m_pipefd[0] ); m_idx = i; break; } } } template< typename T > void processpool< T >::setup_sig_pipe() { m_epollfd = epoll_create( 5 ); assert( m_epollfd != -1 ); int ret = socketpair( PF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0, sig_pipefd ); assert( ret != -1 ); setnonblocking( sig_pipefd[1] ); addfd( m_epollfd, sig_pipefd[0] ); addsig( SIGCHLD, sig_handler ); addsig( SIGTERM, sig_handler ); addsig( SIGINT, sig_handler ); addsig( SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN ); } template< typename T > void processpool< T >::run() { if( m_idx != -1 ) { run_child(); return; } run_parent(); } template< typename T > void processpool< T >::run_child() { setup_sig_pipe(); int pipefd = m_sub_process[m_idx].m_pipefd[ 1 ]; addfd( m_epollfd, pipefd ); epoll_event events[ MAX_EVENT_NUMBER ]; T* users = new T [ USER_PER_PROCESS ]; assert( users ); int number = 0; int ret = -1; while( ! m_stop ) { number = epoll_wait( m_epollfd, events, MAX_EVENT_NUMBER, -1 ); if ( ( number < 0 ) && ( errno != EINTR ) ) { printf( "epoll failure\n" ); break; } for ( int i = 0; i < number; i++ ) { int sockfd = events[i].data.fd; if( ( sockfd == pipefd ) && ( events[i].events & EPOLLIN ) ) { int client = 0; ret = recv( sockfd, ( char* )&client, sizeof( client ), 0 ); if( ( ( ret < 0 ) && ( errno != EAGAIN ) ) || ret == 0 ) { continue; } else { struct sockaddr_in client_address; socklen_t client_addrlength = sizeof( client_address ); int connfd = accept( m_listenfd, ( struct sockaddr* )&client_address, &client_addrlength ); if ( connfd < 0 ) { printf( "errno is: %d\n", errno ); continue; } addfd( m_epollfd, connfd ); users[connfd].init( m_epollfd, connfd, client_address ); } } else if( ( sockfd == sig_pipefd[0] ) && ( events[i].events & EPOLLIN ) ) { int sig; char signals[1024]; ret = recv( sig_pipefd[0], signals, sizeof( signals ), 0 ); if( ret <= 0 ) { continue; } else { for( int i = 0; i < ret; ++i ) { switch( signals[i] ) { case SIGCHLD: { pid_t pid; int stat; while ( ( pid = waitpid( -1, &stat, WNOHANG ) ) > 0 ) { continue; } break; } case SIGTERM: case SIGINT: { m_stop = true; break; } default: { break; } } } } } else if( events[i].events & EPOLLIN ) { users[sockfd].process(); } else { continue; } } } delete [] users; users = NULL; close( pipefd ); //close( m_listenfd ); close( m_epollfd ); } template< typename T > void processpool< T >::run_parent() { setup_sig_pipe(); addfd( m_epollfd, m_listenfd ); epoll_event events[ MAX_EVENT_NUMBER ]; int sub_process_counter = 0; int new_conn = 1; int number = 0; int ret = -1; while( ! m_stop ) { number = epoll_wait( m_epollfd, events, MAX_EVENT_NUMBER, -1 ); if ( ( number < 0 ) && ( errno != EINTR ) ) { printf( "epoll failure\n" ); break; } for ( int i = 0; i < number; i++ ) { int sockfd = events[i].data.fd; if( sockfd == m_listenfd ) { int i = sub_process_counter; do { if( m_sub_process[i].m_pid != -1 ) { break; } i = (i+1)%m_process_number; } while( i != sub_process_counter ); if( m_sub_process[i].m_pid == -1 ) { m_stop = true; break; } sub_process_counter = (i+1)%m_process_number; //send( m_sub_process[sub_process_counter++].m_pipefd[0], ( char* )&new_conn, sizeof( new_conn ), 0 ); send( m_sub_process[i].m_pipefd[0], ( char* )&new_conn, sizeof( new_conn ), 0 ); printf( "send request to child %d\n", i ); //sub_process_counter %= m_process_number; } else if( ( sockfd == sig_pipefd[0] ) && ( events[i].events & EPOLLIN ) ) { int sig; char signals[1024]; ret = recv( sig_pipefd[0], signals, sizeof( signals ), 0 ); if( ret <= 0 ) { continue; } else { for( int i = 0; i < ret; ++i ) { switch( signals[i] ) { case SIGCHLD: { pid_t pid; int stat; while ( ( pid = waitpid( -1, &stat, WNOHANG ) ) > 0 ) { for( int i = 0; i < m_process_number; ++i ) { if( m_sub_process[i].m_pid == pid ) { printf( "child %d join\n", i ); close( m_sub_process[i].m_pipefd[0] ); m_sub_process[i].m_pid = -1; } } } m_stop = true; for( int i = 0; i < m_process_number; ++i ) { if( m_sub_process[i].m_pid != -1 ) { m_stop = false; } } break; } case SIGTERM: case SIGINT: { printf( "kill all the clild now\n" ); for( int i = 0; i < m_process_number; ++i ) { int pid = m_sub_process[i].m_pid; if( pid != -1 ) { kill( pid, SIGTERM ); } } break; } default: { break; } } } } } else { continue; } } } //close( m_listenfd ); close( m_epollfd ); } #endif
主程序的实现：
#include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <netinet/in.h> #include <arpa/inet.h> #include <assert.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <errno.h> #include <string.h> #include <fcntl.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <sys/epoll.h> #include <signal.h> #include <sys/wait.h> #include <sys/stat.h> #include "processpool.h" class cgi_conn { public: cgi_conn() : m_sockfd(-1), m_read_idx(-1) { memset(m_buf, 0, sizeof(m_buf)); } public: void init(int epollfd, int sockfd, const sockaddr_in& client_addr) { m_epollfd = epollfd; m_sockfd = sockfd; m_address = client_addr; m_read_idx = 0; } void process() { int idx = 0; int ret = 1; //循环读取和分析客户数据 while(true) { idx = m_read_idx; ret = recv(m_sockfd, m_buf+idx, BUFFER_SIZE-1-idx, 0); printf("recv ret=%d\n", ret); //如果读操作发生错误，则关闭客户链接，如果只是暂时无数据可读，则退出循环 if(ret < 0) { if(errno != EAGAIN) { removefd(m_epollfd, m_sockfd); } break; } //如果对方关闭，本服务器也关闭 else if(ret == 0) { removefd(m_epollfd, m_sockfd); break; } else { m_read_idx += ret; printf("user content is: %s", m_buf); //如果遇到字符CRLF,则开始处理客户请求 for(; idx<m_read_idx; ++idx) { if((idx >= 1) && (m_buf[idx-1] == '\r') && (m_buf[idx] == '\n')) //这里查找CRLF采用简单遍历已读数据的方法 break; } } //如果没有遇到字符CRLF,则需要读取更多客户数据 if(idx == m_read_idx) { continue; } m_buf[idx-1] = '\0'; char* file_name = m_buf; printf("file_name=%s\n", file_name); //判断客户要运行的CGI程序是否存在 if(access(file_name, F_OK) == -1) { removefd(m_epollfd, m_sockfd); //不存在就不连接了 printf("file not found\n"); break; } //创建子进程来执行CGI程序 ret = fork(); if(ret == -1) { removefd(m_epollfd, m_sockfd); break; } else if(ret > 0) { //父进程只需关闭连接 removefd(m_epollfd, m_sockfd); break; //父进程break } else { //子进程将标准输出定向到sockfd_,并执行CGI程序 close(STDOUT_FILENO); dup(m_sockfd); execl(m_buf, m_buf, 0); exit(0); } } } private: //读缓冲区的大小 static const int BUFFER_SIZE = 1024; static int m_epollfd; int m_sockfd; sockaddr_in m_address; char m_buf[BUFFER_SIZE]; //标记缓冲区中已读入客户数据的最后一个字节的下一个位置 int m_read_idx; }; int cgi_conn::m_epollfd = -1; int main(int argc, char** argv) { if (argc <= 2) { printf("usage: %s ip_address port_number\n", basename(argv[0])); //return -1; } const char* ip = "127.0.0.1";//argv[1]; int port = 8011;//atoi(argv[2]); int listenfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0); assert(listenfd >= 0); int ret = 0; struct sockaddr_in address; memset(&address, 0, sizeof(address)); address.sin_family = AF_INET; address.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);//ok //inet_pton(AF_INET, ip, &servaddr.sin_addr);//使用"127.0.0.1"，实体机windows客户端连接不进来虚拟机 address.sin_port = htons(port); int on = 1; setsockopt(listenfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &on, sizeof(on)); ret = bind(listenfd, (struct sockaddr*)&address, sizeof(address)); if(ret == -1) { printf("what: %m\n"); return -1; } ret = listen(listenfd, 5); assert(ret != -1); processpool<cgi_conn>* pool = processpool<cgi_conn>::create(listenfd); if(pool) { pool->run(); delete pool; } close(listenfd); return 0; }
2、cgi程序，假设编译生成的可执行文件名就叫“cgi”
#include <stdio.h> int main() { printf("hello,client"); return 0; }
3、测试
源码下载：http://download.csdn.net/download/libaineu2004/9976852
