在电商开发这行摸爬滚打了八年，和淘宝评论 API 打交道的过程，简直就是一部 “血泪奋斗史”。从最初对接时被各种报错折磨得夜不能寐，到现在能熟练用它搭建起各种实用功能，其中的酸甜苦辣，今天就来给大伙好好唠唠，顺便分享些超实用的代码干货！
刚入行那会，接了个给电商商家做竞品分析工具的活儿，核心就是调用淘宝评论 API 抓取竞品评论。本以为按文档流程走，申请个接口权限，写几行代码调用就行，结果现实给了我狠狠一击。
申请接口权限就不顺利，淘宝开放平台对开发者资质审核严格，我把公司营业执照、应用使用场景说明改了又改，提交后还等了整整三个工作日才通过。好不容易拿到App Key和App Secret，调用接口时又卡在签名验证上。官方文档里签名算法写得晦涩难懂，参数排序、加密方式稍有差错，就返回40001签名错误。为了搞懂这算法，我对着文档研究了两天，还在 Stack Overflow 和国内技术论坛疯狂搜索，终于写出了正确的签名生成函数：
import hashlib
import hmac
import time
import urllib.parse
def generate_sign(params, app_secret):
sorted_params = sorted(params.items(), key=lambda x: x[0])
sign_str = app_secret
for k, v in sorted_params:
sign_str += f"{k}{v}"
sign_str += app_secret
return hmac.new(
app_secret.encode(), sign_str.encode(), hashlib.sha256
).hexdigest().upper()
解决了签名问题，满心欢喜发送请求，结果又碰上接口调用频率限制。当时为了快速采集大量数据，没控制好请求频率，短时间内发送太多请求，直接被淘宝封了 IP，还收到警告邮件。无奈之下，只能研究淘宝的限流规则，用漏桶算法写了个频率控制类：
import time
class LeakyBucket:
def __init__(self, capacity, rate):
self.capacity = capacity
self.rate = rate
self.tokens = capacity
self.last_update = time.time()
def consume(self, tokens=1):
now = time.time()
# 补充令牌
self.tokens = min(
self.capacity, self.tokens + (now - self.last_update) * self.rate
)
self.last_update = now
if self.tokens >= tokens:
self.tokens -= tokens
return True
return False
# 使用示例
bucket = LeakyBucket(capacity=100, rate=20) # 容量100，每秒补充20个令牌
if bucket.consume():
# 调用API
response = requests.get(api_url)
else:
time.sleep(0.1) # 等待令牌补充
数据到手后，也不是一帆风顺。淘宝评论数据格式复杂，有文字评论、图片评论、评分、追评等多种类型，不同类型数据结构差异大。就拿文字评论来说，有的用户会写一大段话，标点符号、表情符号混用，要准确提取关键信息，得用自然语言处理技术。为了处理这些数据，我引入了jieba分词库和TextBlob情感分析库，写了个数据清洗和情感分析函数：
import jieba
from textblob import TextBlob
def clean_and_analyze_comment(comment):
# 分词
words = jieba.lcut(comment)
# 去除停用词（可根据需求扩展停用词表）
stopwords = {"的", "了", "是", "在"}
clean_words = [word for word in words if word not in stopwords]
clean_comment = " ".join(clean_words)
# 情感分析
blob = TextBlob(clean_comment)
sentiment = blob.sentiment.polarity
return sentiment, clean_comment
# 示例调用
comment = "这款手机拍照效果超棒，就是电池续航不太给力"
sentiment, clean_comment = clean_and_analyze_comment(comment)
print(f"情感倾向: {sentiment}, 清洗后评论: {clean_comment}")
有一回，客户要求实时监控自家商品评论，一有新评论就及时推送通知。这可难不倒我，通过设置合适的时间间隔，不断调用淘宝评论 API 获取最新评论。但很快又出现新问题，每次获取评论都要从第一页开始查，效率极低。后来我发现接口可以通过评论时间戳来筛选，只获取上次查询时间之后的评论，大大提高了效率：
import requests
import time
# 假设last_query_time是上次查询时间戳
def get_new_comments(last_query_time, app_key, app_secret, num_iid):
params = {
"method": "taobao.item.reviews.get",
"app_key": app_key,
"num_iid": num_iid,
"start_date": time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", time.localtime(last_query_time)),
"timestamp": time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"),
"format": "json",
"v": "2.0",
}
params["sign"] = generate_sign(params, app_secret)
response = requests.get(
"https://eco.taobao.com/router/rest", params=params
)
data = response.json()
if data["code"] == "200":
new_comments = data["item_reviews_get_response"]["reviews"]
return new_comments
else:
print(f"错误码: {data['code']}, 消息: {data.get('msg', '未知错误')}")
return []
# 示例调用
last_query_time = 1690000000 # 假设初始时间戳
app_key = "your_app_key"
app_secret = "your_app_secret"
num_iid = "123456789" # 商品ID
new_comments = get_new_comments(last_query_time, app_key, app_secret, num_iid)
if new_comments:
for comment in new_comments:
print(f"用户: {comment['user_nick']}, 评论: {comment['rate_content']}")
还有一次，项目要做一个商品评论可视化大屏，展示不同商品好评率、差评关键词云图等信息。为了保证数据实时性和准确性，我用Flask框架搭建了一个后端服务，定时调用淘宝评论 API 更新数据，再通过Echarts在前端展示可视化图表。这过程中，数据缓存又成了难题，频繁调用 API 不仅浪费资源，还可能触发限流。于是引入Redis缓存，先从缓存里读取数据，如果缓存没有再调用 API 获取，获取后存入缓存：
import redis
from flask import Flask, jsonify
app = Flask(__name__)
redis_client = redis.Redis(host="localhost", port=6379, db=0)
@app.route("/product_comments/<num_iid>", methods=["GET"])
def get_product_comments(num_iid):
cached_data = redis_client.get(num_iid)
if cached_data:
return jsonify(eval(cached_data.decode("utf-8")))
else:
# 调用淘宝评论API获取数据，此处省略具体调用代码
api_data = get_comments_from_api(num_iid)
redis_client.setex(num_iid, 3600, str(api_data)) # 缓存1小时
return jsonify(api_data)
if __name__ == "__main__":
app.run(debug=True)
这些年，靠着不断踩坑、填坑，在[淘宝评论 API] 开发上也算积累了些经验。
"item": [
{
"rate_content": "哈哈，可爱",
"rate_date": "2025年6月26日",
"pics": [
"//img.alicdn.com/imgextra/i4/4611686018427380981/O1CN01NOKUjB1soPOkMQaDN_!!4611686018427380981-0-rate.jpg"
],
"display_user_nick": "j**i",
"auction_sku": "款式描述:随机1个 不支持7天无理由退换货;大小:盲盒随机不指定，不支持无理由退货退款",
"add_feedback": "感谢宝子的喜爱和认可哦，有任何问题随时联系我们在线客服哦~~祝您生活愉快~欧气满满~",
"add_feedback_images": [
"//img.alicdn.com/imgextra/i4/4611686018427380981/O1CN01NOKUjB1soPOkMQaDN_!!4611686018427380981-0-rate.jpg"
],
"create_time_interval": "6月26日",
"read_count": "1294",
"rate_id": "1276195213019",
"like_count": "2",
"user_star_pic": "https://img.alicdn.com/imgextra/i3/O1CN01PIYxrZ22FGrmiDphN_!!6000000007090-2-tps-92-45.png"
},
{
"rate_content": "做工很好，开出隐藏款开心😊",
"rate_date": "2025年6月22日",
"pics": [
"//img.alicdn.com/imgextra/i2/4611686018427381501/O1CN0121UA7n1Wt3sEGcFbQ_!!4611686018427381501-0-rate.jpg",
"//img.alicdn.com/imgextra/i1/4611686018427381501/O1CN01a7SQsA1Wt3sEVkuNd_!!4611686018427381501-0-rate.jpg",
"//img.alicdn.com/imgextra/i3/4611686018427381501/O1CN019Teoqu1Wt3sEDJx8V_!!4611686018427381501-0-rate.jpg",
"//img.alicdn.com/imgextra/i4/4611686018427381501/O1CN01P28oGn1Wt3sEVjdLg_!!4611686018427381501-0-rate.jpg"
],
"display_user_nick": "z**4",
"auction_sku": "款式描述:整盒8个 不支持7天无理由退换货;大小:盲盒随机不指定，不支持无理由退货退款",
"add_feedback": "感谢宝子的喜爱和认可哦，有任何问题随时联系我们在线客服哦~~祝您生活愉快~欧气满满~",
"add_feedback_images": [
"//img.alicdn.com/imgextra/i2/4611686018427381501/O1CN0121UA7n1Wt3sEGcFbQ_!!4611686018427381501-0-rate.jpg",
"//img.alicdn.com/imgextra/i1/4611686018427381501/O1CN01a7SQsA1Wt3sEVkuNd_!!4611686018427381501-0-rate.jpg",
"//img.alicdn.com/imgextra/i3/4611686018427381501/O1CN019Teoqu1Wt3sEDJx8V_!!4611686018427381501-0-rate.jpg",
"//img.alicdn.com/imgextra/i4/4611686018427381501/O1CN01P28oGn1Wt3sEVjdLg_!!4611686018427381501-0-rate.jpg"
],
"create_time_interval": "6月22日",
"read_count": "2911",
"rate_id": "1275826601291",
"like_count": "3",
"user_star_pic": "https://img.alicdn.com/imgextra/i4/O1CN01ZlCYMx1nbVriw6u0S_!!6000000005108-2-tps-92-45.png"
},
{
"rate_content": "绝对正品，开出来了个藕丙，很满意。",
"rate_date": "2025年6月14日",
"pics": [
"//img.alicdn.com/imgextra/i4/4611686018427386657/O1CN019zbwet1sfFTQyYfpd_!!4611686018427386657-0-rate.jpg",
"//img.alicdn.com/imgextra/i4/4611686018427386657/O1CN01ecQqiS1sfFTPhEzq2_!!4611686018427386657-0-rate.jpg",
"//img.alicdn.com/imgextra/i4/4611686018427386657/O1CN01YYnEOs1sfFTNakzj2_!!4611686018427386657-0-rate.jpg"
],
"display_user_nick": "隆**外",
"auction_sku": "款式描述:随机1个 不支持7天无理由退换货;大小:盲盒随机不指定，不支持无理由退货退款",
"add_feedback": "感谢宝子的喜爱和认可哦，有任何问题随时联系我们在线客服哦~~祝您生活愉快~欧气满满~",
"add_feedback_images": [
"//img.alicdn.com/imgextra/i4/4611686018427386657/O1CN019zbwet1sfFTQyYfpd_!!4611686018427386657-0-rate.jpg",
"//img.alicdn.com/imgextra/i4/4611686018427386657/O1CN01ecQqiS1sfFTPhEzq2_!!4611686018427386657-0-rate.jpg",
"//img.alicdn.com/imgextra/i4/4611686018427386657/O1CN01YYnEOs1sfFTNakzj2_!!4611686018427386657-0-rate.jpg"
],
"create_time_interval": "6月14日",
"read_count": "5509",
"rate_id": "1275035769683",
"like_count": "1",
"user_star_pic": "https://img.alicdn.com/imgextra/i4/O1CN01ZlCYMx1nbVriw6u0S_!!6000000005108-2-tps-92-45.png"
},
{
"rate_content": "不错，幸好我拿的货没有瑕疵。也就乖巧饼饼手中的小哪吒衣服不够完美。小问题，捣蛋哪吒太可爱了。展示盒还没来，就先把两只摆在书桌上一起学习~ 捣蛋哪吒给的情绪价值拉满了，如果8个玩偶只能选一个，必选这个。质量都非常高，还有很多小摆件",
"rate_date": "2025年6月17日",
"pics": [
"//img.alicdn.com/imgextra/i1/4611686018427381253/O1CN01FM7HRA1uhemtrjkiC_!!4611686018427381253-0-rate.jpg",
"//img.alicdn.com/imgextra/i1/4611686018427381253/O1CN016BJBTq1uhemwEWO6g_!!4611686018427381253-0-rate.jpg",
"//img.alicdn.com/imgextra/i1/4611686018427381253/O1CN01U6JcJL1uhempUiovG_!!4611686018427381253-0-rate.jpg",
"//img.alicdn.com/imgextra/i1/4611686018427381253/O1CN0128RMfG1uhemvWsG85_!!4611686018427381253-0-rate.jpg",
"//img.alicdn.com/imgextra/i3/4611686018427381253/O1CN01AFDXLB1uhemwv6nfK_!!4611686018427381253-0-rate.jpg"
],
"display_user_nick": "以**舞",
"auction_sku": "款式描述:整盒8个 不支持7天无理由退换货;大小:盲盒随机不指定，不支持无理由退货退款",
"add_feedback": "感谢宝子的喜爱和认可哦，有任何问题随时联系我们在线客服哦~~祝您生活愉快~欧气满满~",
"add_feedback_images": [
"//img.alicdn.com/imgextra/i2/4611686018427381253/O1CN01nAET181uhenNWTCvn_!!4611686018427381253-0-rate.jpg",
"//img.alicdn.com/imgextra/i2/4611686018427381253/O1CN0103a2K71uhenGlicH4_!!4611686018427381253-0-rate.jpg",
"//img.alicdn.com/imgextra/i4/4611686018427381253/O1CN01butxty1uhenMgzTaI_!!4611686018427381253-0-rate.jpg",
"//img.alicdn.com/imgextra/i3/4611686018427381253/O1CN01ww7yRb1uhenLYkrE0_!!4611686018427381253-0-rate.jpg"
],
"create_time_interval": "7月10日",
"read_count": "10369",
"rate_id": "1275276637438",
"like_count": "11",
"user_star_pic": "https://img.alicdn.com/imgextra/i1/O1CN01Bm9gkz1yASEqBM8xQ_!!6000000006538-2-tps-92-45.png",
"video": "//cloud.video.taobao.com/play/u/null/p/1/d/hd/e/6/t/1/523461661535.mp4",
"video_cover": "//img.alicdn.com/imgextra/i2/O1CN01wTPvpu1uhemvXVfM2_!!4611686018427381253-0-tbbala.jpg"
