一、环境准备
1、系统和内内核版本
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[root@linux-node1 ~]
# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS release 6.8 (Final)
[root@linux-node1 ~]
# uname -r
2.6.32-642.el6.x86_64
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2、主机名称和IP地址
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[root@linux-node1 ~]
# hostname
linux-node1.example.com
[root@linux-node1 ~]
# hostname -I
192.168.56.11
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3、关闭防火墙和SELINUX
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[root@linux-node1 ~]
# getenforce
Disabled
[root@linux-node1 ~]
# /etc/init.d/iptables status
iptables: Firewall is not running.
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4、使用阿里yum源
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[root@linux-node1 ~]
# mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup
[root@linux-node1 ~]
# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-6.repo
[root@linux-node1 ~]
# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-6.repo
[root@linux-node1 ~]
# yum repolist
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.aliyun.com
* epel: mirrors.aliyun.com
* extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
* updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
repo
id
repo name status
base CentOS-6 - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com 6,696
epel Extra Packages
for
Enterprise Linux 6 - x86_64 12,355
extras CentOS-6 - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com 64
updates CentOS-6 - Updates - mirrors.aliyun.com 959
repolist: 20,074
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二、nginx安装
1、必要软件准备
（1）安装 pcre，是为了支持rewrite功能，如果你已经装了，请跳过这一步
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[root@linux-node1 ~]
# yum install -y pcre pcre-devel
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（2）安装openssl，是为了ssl的支持，如果不需要 ssl 支持，请跳过这一步
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[root@linux-node1 ~]
# yum install -y openssl openssl-devel
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2、安装nginx
（1）创建软件包存放目录
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[root@linux-node1 ~]
# mkdir -p /server/tools
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（2）下载nginx源码包
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[root@linux-node1 ~]
# cd /server/tools
[root@linux-node1 tools]
# wget -q http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.8.1.tar.gz
[root@linux-node1 tools]
# ll
total 816
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 833473 Jan 27 2016 nginx-1.8.1.
tar
.gz
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（3）解压nginx源码包
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[root@linux-node1 tools]
# tar xf nginx-1.8.1.tar.gz
[root@linux-node1 tools]
# ll
total 820
drwxr-xr-x 8 1001 1001 4096 Jan 26 2016 nginx-1.8.1
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 833473 Jan 27 2016 nginx-1.8.1.
tar
.gz
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（4）创建nginx用户
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[root@linux-node1 nginx-1.8.1]
# useradd -rs /sbin/nologin nginx
[root@linux-node1 nginx-1.8.1]
# id nginx
uid=498(nginx) gid=498(nginx)
groups
=498(nginx)
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（5）编译安装
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[root@linux-node1 tools]
# cd nginx-1.8.1
[root@linux-node1 tools]
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx-1.8.1 \
--user=nginx \
--group=nginx \
--with-http_ssl_module \
--with-http_spdy_module \
--with-http_stub_status_module \
--with-pcre
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参数解释：
--user=nginx :指定程序运行时的用户
--group=nginx :指定程序运行时的用户组
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx-1.8.1 ：安装路径
– with-http_stub_status_module ：支持 nginx 状态查询，可以用来监控nginx
– with-http_ssl_module ：支持https
– with-http_spdy_module ：支持google的 spdy, 想了解请百度 spdy, 这个必须有 ssl 的支持
– with-pcre ：为了支持 rewrite 重写功能，必须制定 pcre
提示：出现如下的内容，表明nginx configure完成
……………省略内容……………
Configuration summary
+ using system PCRE library
+ using system OpenSSL library
+ md5: using OpenSSL library
+ sha1: using OpenSSL library
+ using system zlib library
nginx path prefix: "/usr/local/nginx-1.8.1"
nginx binary file: "/usr/local/nginx-1.8.1/sbin/nginx"
nginx configuration prefix: "/usr/local/nginx-1.8.1/conf"
nginx configuration file: "/usr/local/nginx-1.8.1/conf/nginx.conf"
nginx pid file: "/usr/local/nginx-1.8.1/logs/nginx.pid"
nginx error log file: "/usr/local/nginx-1.8.1/logs/error.log"
nginx http access log file: "/usr/local/nginx-1.8.1/logs/access.log"
nginx http client request body temporary files: "client_body_temp"
nginx http proxy temporary files: "proxy_temp"
nginx http fastcgi temporary files: "fastcgi_temp"
nginx http uwsgi temporary files: "uwsgi_temp"
nginx http scgi temporary files: "scgi_temp"
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[root@linux-node1 nginx-1.8.1]
# make && make install
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……………省略内容……………
make[1]: Leaving directory `/server/tools/nginx-1.8.1'
提示：出现上面的内容，表示nginx安装完成
（6）去除nginx目录版本号
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[root@linux-node1 ~]
# ln -s /usr/local/nginx-1.8.1/ /usr/local/nginx
[root@linux-node1 ~]
# ll -d /usr/local/nginx*
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 23 Mar 13 20:01
/usr/local/nginx
->
/usr/local/nginx-1
.8.1/
drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 4096 Mar 13 19:56
/usr/local/nginx-1
.8.1
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3、启动、关闭和重新加载配置文件
（1）查看nginx命令帮助
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[root@linux-node1 ~]
# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -h
nginx version: nginx
/1
.8.1
Usage: nginx [-?hvVtq] [-s signal] [-c filename] [-p prefix] [-g directives]
Options:
-?,-h : this help
-
v
: show version and
exit
-V : show version and configure options
then
exit
-t :
test
configuration and
exit
-q : suppress non-error messages during configuration testing
-s signal : send signal to a master process: stop, quit, reopen, reload
-p prefix :
set
prefix path (default:
/usr/local/nginx-1
.8.1/)
-c filename :
set
configuration
file
(default: conf
/nginx
.conf)
-g directives :
set
global directives out of configuration
file
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参数翻译：
| 参数 |
含义 |
| -?,-h | 帮助 |
| -v | 查看nginx版本 |
| -V |
查看nginx版本以及编译安装参数 |
| -t |
检查nginx配置文件语法 |
| -q | 在配置测试期间禁止非错误消息 |
| -s signal | 指定nginx服务停止、退出、重启和重新加载 |
| -p prefix | 指定nginx配置文件nginx.conf目录 |
| -c filename |
指定nginx配置文件 |
| -g directives | 设置配置文件中全局指令 |
（2）启动nginx
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[root@linux-node1 ~]
# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
[root@linux-node1 ~]
# netstat -nlutp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID
/Program
name
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 4098
/nginx
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1428
/sshd
tcp 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 1428
/sshd
[root@linux-node1 ~]
# curl -s http://localhost | grep nginx.com
<a href=
"http://nginx.com/"
>nginx.com<
/a
>.<
/p
>
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（3）关闭nginx
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[root@linux-node1 ~]
# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop
[root@linux-node1 ~]
# netstat -nlutp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID
/Program
name
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1428
/sshd
tcp 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 1428
/sshd
[root@linux-node1 ~]
# curl -s http://localhost | grep nginx.com
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（4）加载配置文件
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[root@linux-node1 ~]
# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
/usr/local/nginx-1
.5.1
/sbin/nginx
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（5）nginx启动脚本
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[root@linux-node1 ~]
# cat /etc/init.d/nginx
#!/bin/sh
#
# nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon
#
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# description: Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \
# proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
# processname: nginx
# config: /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
# config: /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
# pidfile: /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
# Source function library.
.
/etc/rc
.d
/init
.d
/functions
# Source networking configuration.
.
/etc/sysconfig/network
# Check that networking is up.
[
"$NETWORKING"
=
"no"
] &&
exit
0
nginx=
"/usr/local/nginx//sbin/nginx"
prog=$(
basename
$nginx)
NGINX_CONF_FILE=
"/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
[ -f
/etc/sysconfig/nginx
] && .
/etc/sysconfig/nginx
lockfile=
/var/lock/subsys/nginx
make_dirs() {
# make required directories
user=`$nginx -V 2>&1 |
grep
"configure arguments:"
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sed
's/[^*]*--user=\([^ ]*\).*/\1/g'
-`
if
[ -z
"`grep $user /etc/passwd`"
];
then
useradd
-M -s
/bin/nologin
$user
fi
options=`$nginx -V 2>&1 |
grep
'configure arguments:'
`
for
opt
in
$options;
do
if
[ `
echo
$opt |
grep
'.*-temp-path'
` ];
then
value=`
echo
$opt |
cut
-d
"="
-f 2`
if
[ ! -d
"$value"
];
then
# echo "creating" $value
mkdir
-p $value &&
chown
-R $user $value
fi
fi
done
}
start() {
[ -x $nginx ] ||
exit
5
[ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] ||
exit
6
make_dirs
echo
-n $
"Starting $prog: "
daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -
eq
0 ] &&
touch
$lockfile
return
$retval
}
stop() {
echo
-n $
"Stopping $prog: "
killproc $prog -QUIT
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -
eq
0 ] &&
rm
-f $lockfile
return
$retval
}
restart() {
#configtest || return $?
stop
sleep
1
start
}
reload() {
#configtest || return $?
echo
-n $
"Reloading $prog: "
killproc $nginx -HUP
RETVAL=$?
echo
}
force_reload() {
restart
}
configtest() {
$nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}
rh_status() {
status $prog
}
rh_status_q() {
rh_status >
/dev/null
2>&1
}
case
"$1"
in
start)
rh_status_q &&
exit
0
$1
;;
stop)
rh_status_q ||
exit
0
$1
;;
restart|configtest)
$1
;;
reload)
rh_status_q ||
exit
7
$1
;;
force-reload)
force_reload
;;
status)
rh_status
;;
condrestart|try-restart)
rh_status_q ||
exit
0
;;
*)
echo
$
"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"
exit
2
esac
[root@linux-node1 ~]
# chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx
[root@linux-node1 ~]
# /etc/init.d/nginx
Usage:
/etc/init
.d
/nginx
{start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}
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到这来nginx就算是安装完成啦O(∩_∩)O哈哈~
本文转自 炫维 51CTO博客，原文链接:http://blog.51cto.com/xuanwei/1905865
