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简单介绍:
- // OSI(开放式系统互联), 由ISO(国际化标准组织)制定
- // 1. 应用层
- // 2. 表示层
- // 3. 会话层
- // 4. 传输层
- // 5. 网络层
- // 6. 数据链接层
- // 7. 物理层
- // TCP/IP, 由美国国防部制定
- // 1. 应用层, HTTP, FTP, SMTP, DNS
- // 2. 传输层, TCP, UDP
- // 3. 网络层, IP
- // 4. 链路层, ARP, RARP
- // HTTP(短连接)
- // 1. 建立链接, 三次握手
- // 2. 断开链接, 四次挥手
- // 数据报文->数据包->数据帧->比特流(二进制)-->比特流->数据帧->数据包->数据报文
- // socket, "插口", "套接字", 长连接, 存在于应用层和传输层之间, 提供一种封装, 方便进行通信
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下面详解Socket通信:
布局如下:
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引进框架:
服务端代码:
- // Created by 韩俊强 on 15/12/25.
- // Copyright © 2015年 韩俊强. All rights reserved.
- #import "ViewController.h"
- // 使用CocoPods使用<>, 可以指定路径
- #import <CocoaAsyncSocket/CocoaAsyncSocket.h>
- #import "GNASocket.h"
- @interface ViewController ()<GCDAsyncSocketDelegate>
- @property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UITextField *portTF;
- @property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UITextView *message; // 多行文本输入框
- @property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UITextField *content;
- @property (nonatomic, strong) GCDAsyncSocket *clientSocket;// 为客户端生成的socket
- // 服务器socket
- @property (nonatomic, strong) GCDAsyncSocket *serverSocket;
- @end
- @implementation ViewController
- - (void)viewDidLoad
- {
- [super viewDidLoad];
- }
- // 服务端监听某个端口
- - (IBAction)listen:(UIButton *)sender
- {
- // 1. 创建服务器socket
- self.serverSocket = [[GCDAsyncSocket alloc] initWithDelegate:self delegateQueue:dispatch_get_main_queue()];
- // 2. 开放哪些端口
- NSError *error = nil;
- BOOL result = [self.serverSocket acceptOnPort:self.portTF.text.integerValue error:&error];
- // 3. 判断端口号是否开放成功
- if (result) {
- [self addText:@"端口开放成功"];
- } else {
- [self addText:@"端口开放失败"];
- }
- }
- // 发送
- - (IBAction)sendMessage:(UIButton *)sender
- {
- NSData *data = [self.content.text dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
- [self.clientSocket writeData:data withTimeout:-1 tag:0];
- GNASocket *socket = [GNASocket defaultScocket];
- [socket.mySocket readDataWithTimeout:-1 tag:0];
- }
- // 接收消息
- - (IBAction)receiveMassage:(UIButton *)sender
- {
- [self.clientSocket readDataWithTimeout:-1 tag:0];
- }
- // textView填写内容
- - (void)addText:(NSString *)text
- {
- self.message.text = [self.message.text stringByAppendingFormat:@"%@\n", text];
- }
- - (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning
- {
- [super didReceiveMemoryWarning];
- }
- #pragma mark - GCDAsyncSocketDelegate
- // 当客户端链接服务器端的socket, 为客户端单生成一个socket
- - (void)socket:(GCDAsyncSocket *)sock didAcceptNewSocket:(GCDAsyncSocket *)newSocket
- {
- [self addText:@"链接成功"];
- //IP: newSocket.connectedHost
- //端口号: newSocket.connectedPort
- [self addText:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"链接地址:%@", newSocket.connectedHost]];
- [self addText:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"端口号:%hu", newSocket.connectedPort]];
- // short: %hd
- // unsigned short: %hu
- // 存储新的端口号
- self.clientSocket = newSocket;
- }
- - (void)socket:(GCDAsyncSocket *)sock didReadData:(NSData *)data withTag:(long)tag
- {
- NSString *message = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:data encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
- [self addText:message];
- }
- @end
客户端代码:
- // Created by 韩俊强 on 15/12/25.
- // Copyright © 2015年 韩俊强. All rights reserved.
- //
- #import "SecondViewController.h"
- #import <CocoaAsyncSocket.h>
- #import "GNASocket.h"
- @interface SecondViewController ()<GCDAsyncSocketDelegate>
- @property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UITextField *addressTF;
- @property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UITextField *portTF;
- @property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UITextField *message;
- @property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UITextView *content;
- @property (nonatomic, strong) GCDAsyncSocket *socket;
- @end
- @implementation SecondViewController
- - (void)viewDidLoad
- {
- [super viewDidLoad];
- }
- // 和服务器进行链接
- - (IBAction)connect:(UIButton *)sender
- {
- // 1. 创建socket
- self.socket = [[GCDAsyncSocket alloc] initWithDelegate:self delegateQueue:dispatch_get_main_queue()];
- // 2. 与服务器的socket链接起来
- NSError *error = nil;
- BOOL result = [self.socket connectToHost:self.addressTF.text onPort:self.portTF.text.integerValue error:&error];
- // 3. 判断链接是否成功
- if (result) {
- [self addText:@"客户端链接服务器成功"];
- } else {
- [self addText:@"客户端链接服务器失败"];
- }
- }
- // 接收数据
- - (IBAction)receiveMassage:(UIButton *)sender
- {
- [self.socket readDataWithTimeout:-1 tag:0];
- }
- // 发送消息
- - (IBAction)sendMassage:(UIButton *)sender
- {
- [self.socket writeData:[self.message.text dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding] withTimeout:-1 tag:0];
- }
- // textView填写内容
- - (void)addText:(NSString *)text
- {
- self.content.text = [self.content.text stringByAppendingFormat:@"%@\n", text];
- }
- - (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning
- {
- [super didReceiveMemoryWarning];
- }
- #pragma mark - GCDAsyncSocketDelegate
- // 客户端链接服务器端成功, 客户端获取地址和端口号
- - (void)socket:(GCDAsyncSocket *)sock didConnectToHost:(NSString *)host port:(uint16_t)port
- {
- [self addText:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"链接服务器%@", host]];
- GNASocket *socket = [GNASocket defaultScocket];
- socket.mySocket = self.socket;
- }
- // 客户端已经获取到内容
- - (void)socket:(GCDAsyncSocket *)sock didReadData:(NSData *)data withTag:(long)tag
- {
- NSString *content = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:data encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
- [self addText:content];
- }
- @end
为通信传值写一个单例:
- //.h
- #import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
- #import <CocoaAsyncSocket.h>
- @interface GNASocket : NSObject
- @property (nonatomic, strong) GCDAsyncSocket *mySocket;
- + (GNASocket *)defaultScocket;
- @end
- //.m
- #import "GNASocket.h"
- @implementation GNASocket
- + (GNASocket *)defaultScocket
- {
- static GNASocket *socket = nil;
- static dispatch_once_t onceToken;
- dispatch_once(&onceToken, ^{
- socket = [[GNASocket alloc] init];
- });
- return socket;
- }
- @end
最终效果:
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