Web实战丨基于Django与HTML的新闻发布系统

pip install -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple django
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django-admin startproject newsProject
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cd newsProject
django-admin startapp news

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from news import views

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('', views.home),
    path('regist/', views.regist),
    path('login/', views.login),
    path('logout/', views.logout),
    path('article/', views.article),
    path('<int:id>/', views.detail, name='detail'),
]

from django.shortcuts import render, redirect
from django.http import HttpResponse, Http404
from .models import Article
from django.contrib import auth
from django import forms 
from django.contrib.auth.models import User  


class UserForm(forms.Form):
    username = forms.CharField(label='用户名', max_length=100)
    password = forms.CharField(label='密 码', widget=forms.PasswordInput())

# 主界面
def home(request):
    return render(request, 'home.html')

# 用户注册界面
def regist(request):
    if request.method == 'POST':
        uf = UserForm(request.POST)  # 包含用户名和密码
        if uf.is_valid():
            # 获取表单数据
            username = uf.cleaned_data['username']  # cleaned_data类型是字典，里面是提交成功后的信息
            password = uf.cleaned_data['password']
            # 添加到数据库
            registAdd = None
            try:
                registAdd = User.objects.create_user(username=username, password=password)
                return render(request, 'regists.html', {'registAdd': registAdd})
            except:
                return render(request, 'regists.html', {'registAdd': registAdd, 'username': username})

    else:
        # 如果不是post提交数据，就不传参数创建对象，并将对象返回给前台，直接生成input标签，内容为空
        uf = UserForm()

    return render(request, 'regist.html', {'uf': uf})


def login(request):
    if request.method == 'POST':
        username = request.POST.get('username')
        password = request.POST.get('password')

        match = auth.authenticate(username=username, password=password)  # 用户认证
        if match is not None:  # 如果数据库里有记录（即与数据库里的数据相匹配或者对应或者符合）
            auth.login(request, match)  # 登陆成功
            return redirect('/', {'user': match})  # 跳转--redirect指从一个旧的url转到一个新的url
        else:  # 数据库里不存在与之对应的数据
            return render(request, 'login.html', {'login_error': '用户名或密码错误'})  # 登录失败
    return render(request, 'login.html')


def logout(request):
    auth.logout(request)
    return render(request, 'home.html')


def article(request):
    article_list = Article.objects.all()
    # QuerySet是一个可遍历结构，包含一个或多个元素，每个元素都是一个Model实例
    # QuerySet类似于Python中的list，list的一些方法QuerySet也有，比如切片，遍历。
    # 每个Model都有一个默认的manager实例，名为objects，QuerySet有两种来源：通过manager的方法得到、通过QuerySet的方法得到。mananger的方法和QuerySet的方法大部分同名，同意思，如filter(),update()等，但也有些不同，如manager有create()、get_or_create()，而QuerySet有delete()等
    return render(request, 'article.html', {'article_list': article_list})


def detail(request, id):
    try:
        article = Article.objects.get(id=id)
        # print type(article)
    except Article.DoesNotExist:
        raise Http404
    return render(request, 'detail.html', locals())

from django.db import models

class Article(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField('标题', max_length=256)
    content = models.TextField('内容')
    pub_date = models.DateTimeField('发表时间', auto_now_add=True, editable=True)
    update_time = models.DateTimeField('更新时间', auto_now=True, null=True)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.title

from django.contrib import admin
from news.models import Article
class ArticleAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    list_display = ('title','pub_date', 'update_time',)
admin.site.register(Article, ArticleAdmin)