Python的基础知识

age = 22  # int
money = 28.9  # float
data = '1百万'  # str
power = '我说：“厉害了！”'  # str
power1 = '''我说：“厉害了！”'''  # 保留格式输出 str
isLogin = True  # bool 布尔类型

#算术运算符:+（加）-（减） *（乘） /（除） %（取余） //（取整） **（幂函数）
"""键盘输入3位数，打印个十百位"""
number = int(input("请输入一个3位数："))  # 123
print("个位数：", number % 10)  # 3(取余)
print("十位数：", number // 10 % 10)  # 2(取整后取余)
print("百位数：", number // 100)  # 1(取余)
# 比较运算
"""输入考试分数，判断是否在80-100之间"""
score = float(input("请输入分数："))#90
print(80 <= score <= 100)#True
# 逻辑运算符:and(与) or(或) not(非)
a = 1
b = 2
c = 0
print(a and b)  # and的两边都是非0，结果是最后的数值(b)
print(c and a)  # 只要一边为0，结果为0
print(a < b and b > c)  # True 账号密码必须同时正确
print(a == c and b == c)  # False
print('*' * 20)  # 打印20个*
print(b or a)  # 按顺序拿真的数值(b)
print(a == c or a < b)  # 登陆：1、账号密码 2、手机验证码
print('*' * 20)  # ********************
print(not a > c)  # False

print(a, b, c, sep="#")  # 分隔符，默认为空 1#2#3
print(a, b, c, end='\n')  # 结束默认换行\n 1 2 3
"""
%s:字符串
%d:整数
%f:浮点数
"""
name = "jasmine"
age = 28
money = 999.99
print("我叫%s,年龄为%d,有%f元" % (name, age, money))#我叫jasmine,年龄为28,有999.990000元

"""
二进制：0,1,bin
八进制：0-7,oct
十进制：0-8
十六进制：0-9,a-f,hex
前缀：0b：二进制,0o：八进制,0x：十六进制,默认十进制
"""
print(bin(100))  # 0b1100100，转二进制
print(oct(100))  # 0o144，转八进制
print(hex(100))  # 0x64，转十六进制
print(int(0x64))  # 转十进制

#随机数
import random
ran = random.randint(1, 10)
print(ran)
guess = input('请输入你的数:')
if ran == int(guess):
    print("你猜对了！")
elif ran != int(guess):
    print("你犯错了")
else:
    print("再见")
#练习系统
print('-' * 10 + '欢迎进入人员管理系统' + '-' * 10)
choice = input('请选择功能:\n1.添加员工\n2.删除员工\n3.查询员工\n4.修改员工\n')
if choice == '1':
    print('添加员工')
elif choice == '2':
    print('删除员工')
elif choice == '3':
    print('查询员工')
elif choice == '4':
    print('修改员工')
else:
    print('没有此功能')
#优惠卷
username = 'jasmine'
total = 2000  # 消费总金额
money = 0  # 账户金额
coupon = 0  # 优惠卷
if 0 < total < 500:
    # 随机送3张1-10元的优惠卷
    coupon1 = random.randint(1, 10)
    coupon2 = random.randint(1, 10)
    coupon3 = random.randint(1, 10)
    coupon = coupon1 + coupon2 + coupon3
elif 500 <= total < 2000:
    # 随机送2张50元的优惠卷，如果充值送10%
    coupon += 2 * 50
    recharge = input('%s,是否要充值（充值送10%）？(y/n)')
    if recharge == 'y':
        money += int(input('输入充值金额'))*1.1
    else:
        pass
elif total >= 2000:
    pass

#商品总额
total = 0
numbers = 0
while True:#不确定循环
    price = float(input('请输入价格：'))
    number = int(input('请输入数量：'))
    total += price * number
    numbers += number
    answer = input("当前商品总额是%.2f是否要添加商品？（n表示退出）" % total)
    if answer == 'n':
        break
print('商品数量为：%d,总额为：%.2f' % (numbers, total))
# 计算1-100之和
n = 1
m = 0
while n <= 10:
    m += n
    n += 1
print(m)#55
#猜数字（猜对为止）
import random
num = random.randint(1, 100)
total = 0
print(num)
while True:
    guess = int(input('请输入你猜的数字（1-100）：'))
    total += 1
    if guess == num:
        if total == 1:
            print('恭喜你一次就猜对了！运气爆棚！')
        else:
            print('恭喜你就猜对了！一共猜了%d次' % total)
        break
    elif guess > num:
        print('猜大了，比%d小' % guess)
        continue
    elif guess < num:
        print('猜小了，比%d大' % guess)
        continue
# 剪刀石头布(3局2胜)
import random
n = 1
g_count = 0
r_count = 0
while n <= 3:
    n += 1
    ran = random.randint(0, 2)
    print(ran)
    guess = int(input('请输入剪刀（0），石头（1），布（2）\n'))
    if (guess == 0 and ran == 2) or (guess == 1 and ran == 0) or (guess == 2 and ran == 1):
        print("恭喜你赢了！")
        g_count += 1
    elif (guess == 0 and ran == 1) or (guess == 1 and ran == 2) or (guess == 2 and ran == 0):
        print('很遗憾，你输了')
        r_count += 1
    else:
        print('本轮平局')
if g_count > r_count:
    print("\n恭喜最终你赢了！")
elif g_count < r_count:
    print("\n很遗憾，最终你输了")
else:
    print('\n最终平局')

# range(0,n)[start,end)，包前不包后
for i in range(0, 10):
    print(i)#0-9
# range(start,end,step)等差d=2
for i in range(0, 10, 2):
    print(i)#0，2，4，6，8
# 1-50求和
sum = 0
for i in range(0, 51):
    sum += i
print(sum)
# 最多输入3次密码
count = 3
password = '12345'
for i in range(count):
    number = input("请输入你的账号密码（总共有3次机会）：")
    i += 1
    if number == password:
        print("登陆成功！")
        break
    elif number != password:
        count -= 1
        if count == 0:
            print("3次机会已用完，没有机会了！")
        else:
            print("密码错误，你还有%d次机会" % count)
        continue