前言
对于初学者们,对于接口的参数判空多多少少都是有些膈应,因为每次写个接口,拿那几个参,就得if else。
那么该篇教学,就可以一定程度解决这个问题。
正文
该篇文章涉及到的:
1.自定义注解 ,用于标注需要进行校验的参数
2.AOP配合自定义注解使用
3.实现公共的返回参
4.实现全局异常捕获
先看整体我们需要做的东西有什么:
只要完成这两个文件夹里面的,那么到了新的项目,你只需要把这两个文件夹的东西直接丢进去即可。
接下来开始敲代码吧,
首先是pom.xml,一些相关的jar:
<!--aop--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-aop</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId> <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId> <version>1.9.4</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId> <artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId> <version>1.8.9</version> </dependency> <!--fastjson--> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId> <version>1.2.58</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency>
新建自定义注解,ParamCheck.java :
import java.lang.annotation.ElementType; import java.lang.annotation.Retention; import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy; import java.lang.annotation.Target; /** * @Author : JCccc * @CreateTime : 2020/5/14 * @Description : **/ @Target(ElementType.PARAMETER) @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME) public @interface ParamCheck { /** * 是否非空,默认不能为空 */ boolean notNull() default true; /** * 默认值 * @return */ String defaultValue() default ""; }
简单描述:
ElementType.PARAMETER 使用于参数
boolean notNull() default true; 要求参数不为空,默认开启,可以自己传
String defaultValue() default ""; 默认值,默认设置 "",可以自己传
接下来新建 参数校验的AOP实现类,ParamValidAop.java:
import org.aspectj.lang.JoinPoint; import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint; import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.*; import org.aspectj.lang.reflect.MethodSignature; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import org.springframework.util.StringUtils; import java.lang.annotation.Annotation; import java.lang.reflect.Method; /** * @Author : JCccc * @CreateTime : 2020/5/14 * @Description : **/ @Component @Aspect public class ParamValidAop { /** * 定义有一个切入点,范围为web包下的类 */ @Pointcut("execution(public * com.bsapple.vshop.controller..*.*(..))") public void checkParam() { } @Before("checkParam()") public void doBefore(JoinPoint joinPoint) { } /** * 检查参数是否为空 */ @Around("checkParam()") public Object doAround(ProceedingJoinPoint pjp) throws Throwable { MethodSignature signature = ((MethodSignature) pjp.getSignature()); //得到拦截的方法 Method method = signature.getMethod(); //获取方法参数注解,返回二维数组是因为某些参数可能存在多个注解 Annotation[][] parameterAnnotations = method.getParameterAnnotations(); if (parameterAnnotations == null || parameterAnnotations.length == 0) { return pjp.proceed(); } //获取方法参数名 String[] paramNames = signature.getParameterNames(); //获取参数值 Object[] paranValues = pjp.getArgs(); //获取方法参数类型 Class<?>[] parameterTypes = method.getParameterTypes(); for (int i = 0; i < parameterAnnotations.length; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < parameterAnnotations[i].length; j++) { //如果该参数前面的注解不为空并且是ParamCheck的实例,并且notNull()=true,并且默认值为空,则进行非空校验 if (parameterAnnotations[i][j] != null && parameterAnnotations[i][j] instanceof ParamCheck && ((ParamCheck) parameterAnnotations[i][j]).notNull() && StringUtils.isEmpty(((ParamCheck)parameterAnnotations[i][j]).defaultValue())) { paramIsNull(paramNames[i], paranValues[i], parameterTypes[i] == null ? null : parameterTypes[i].getName()); break; } //如果该参数前面的注解不为空并且是ParamCheck的实例,并且默认值不为空,并且参数值为空,则进行赋默认值 if(parameterAnnotations[i][j] != null && parameterAnnotations[i][j] instanceof ParamCheck && !StringUtils.isEmpty(((ParamCheck)parameterAnnotations[i][j]).defaultValue()) && (paranValues[i] == null || StringUtils.isEmpty(paranValues[i].toString()))){ paranValues[i] = putParam(((ParamCheck)parameterAnnotations[i][j]).defaultValue(), parameterTypes[i]); } } } return pjp.proceed(paranValues); } /** * 在切入点return内容之后切入内容(可以用来对处理返回值做一些加工处理) * * @param joinPoint */ @AfterReturning("checkParam()") public void doAfterReturning(JoinPoint joinPoint) { } /** * 参数非空校验,如果参数为空,则抛出ParamIsNullException异常 * @param paramName * @param value * @param parameterType */ private void paramIsNull(String paramName, Object value, String parameterType) { if (value == null || "".equals(value.toString().trim())) { throw new ParamIsNullException(paramName, parameterType,"参数为空"); } } private Object putParam(Object value, Class<?> parameterType) { return CastValueTypeUtil.parseValue(parameterType, value.toString()); } }
需要注意,这个路径是你准备添加校验的controller的路径,改成你自己的:
然后是校验参数里面使用到的参数转换工具类,CastValueTypeUtil.java:
import java.text.ParseException; import java.text.SimpleDateFormat; import java.util.Date; /** *转换object类型 **/ public class CastValueTypeUtil { public static Object parseValue(Class<?> parameterTypes, String value) { if(value==null || value.trim().length()==0){ return null; } value = value.trim(); if (Byte.class.equals(parameterTypes) || Byte.TYPE.equals(parameterTypes)) { return parseByte(value); } else if (Boolean.class.equals(parameterTypes) || Boolean.TYPE.equals(parameterTypes)) { return parseBoolean(value); }/* else if (Character.class.equals(fieldType) || Character.TYPE.equals(fieldType)) { return value.toCharArray()[0]; }*/ else if (String.class.equals(parameterTypes)) { return value; } else if (Short.class.equals(parameterTypes) || Short.TYPE.equals(parameterTypes)) { return parseShort(value); } else if (Integer.class.equals(parameterTypes) || Integer.TYPE.equals(parameterTypes)) { return parseInt(value); } else if (Long.class.equals(parameterTypes) || Long.TYPE.equals(parameterTypes)) { return parseLong(value); } else if (Float.class.equals(parameterTypes) || Float.TYPE.equals(parameterTypes)) { return parseFloat(value); } else if (Double.class.equals(parameterTypes) || Double.TYPE.equals(parameterTypes)) { return parseDouble(value); } else if (Date.class.equals(parameterTypes)) { return parseDate(value); } else { throw new RuntimeException("request illeagal type, type must be Integer not int Long not long etc, type=" + parameterTypes); } } public static Byte parseByte(String value) { try { value = value.replaceAll(" ", ""); return Byte.valueOf(value); } catch(NumberFormatException e) { throw new RuntimeException("parseByte but input illegal input=" + value, e); } } public static Boolean parseBoolean(String value) { value = value.replaceAll(" ", ""); if (Boolean.TRUE.toString().equalsIgnoreCase(value)) { return Boolean.TRUE; } else if (Boolean.FALSE.toString().equalsIgnoreCase(value)) { return Boolean.FALSE; } else { throw new RuntimeException("parseBoolean but input illegal input=" + value); } } public static Integer parseInt(String value) { try { value = value.replaceAll(" ", ""); return Integer.valueOf(value); } catch(NumberFormatException e) { throw new RuntimeException("parseInt but input illegal input=" + value, e); } } public static Short parseShort(String value) { try { value = value.replaceAll(" ", ""); return Short.valueOf(value); } catch(NumberFormatException e) { throw new RuntimeException("parseShort but input illegal input=" + value, e); } } public static Long parseLong(String value) { try { value = value.replaceAll(" ", ""); return Long.valueOf(value); } catch(NumberFormatException e) { throw new RuntimeException("parseLong but input illegal input=" + value, e); } } public static Float parseFloat(String value) { try { value = value.replaceAll(" ", ""); return Float.valueOf(value); } catch(NumberFormatException e) { throw new RuntimeException("parseFloat but input illegal input=" + value, e); } } public static Double parseDouble(String value) { try { value = value.replaceAll(" ", ""); return Double.valueOf(value); } catch(NumberFormatException e) { throw new RuntimeException("parseDouble but input illegal input=" + value, e); } } public static Date parseDate(String value) { try { String datePattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"; SimpleDateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat(datePattern); return dateFormat.parse(value); } catch(ParseException e) { throw new RuntimeException("parseDate but input illegal input=" + value, e); } } }
然后是新建一个自定义异常,专门用于校验参数为空的时候抛出,
ParamIsNullException.java:
/** * @Author : JCccc * @CreateTime : 2020/5/14 * @Description : **/ public class ParamIsNullException extends RuntimeException { private final String parameterName; private final String parameterType; private final String message; public ParamIsNullException(String parameterName, String parameterType, String message) { super(); this.parameterName = parameterName; this.parameterType = parameterType; this.message = message; } @Override public String getMessage() { return "请求参数类型:" + this.parameterType + ",参数名: \'" + this.parameterName + message; } public final String getParameterName() { return this.parameterName; } public final String getParameterType() { return this.parameterType; } }
到这里,其实可以看到自定义注解以及AOP已经实现完毕。
接下来是做一下,统一的返回参以及全局异常捕获,
新建接口BaseErrorInfoInterface.java:
/** * @Author:JCccc * @Description:此接口用于返回码枚举使用 * @Date: created in 15:11 2019/5/3 */ public interface BaseErrorInfoInterface { /** 错误码*/ String getResultCode(); /** 错误描述*/ String getResultMsg(); }
返回码的枚举类,CommonEnum.java:
/** * @Author:JCccc * @Description: * @Date: created in 15:13 2019/5/3 */ public enum CommonEnum implements BaseErrorInfoInterface { // 数据操作错误定义 SUCCESS("200", "成功!"), BODY_NOT_MATCH("400", "请求的数据格式不符!"), SIGNATURE_NOT_MATCH("401", "请求的数字签名不匹配!"), NOT_FOUND("404", "未找到该资源!"), INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR("500", "服务器内部错误!"), SERVER_BUSY("503", "服务器正忙,请稍后再试!"), REQUEST_METHOD_SUPPORT_ERROR("40001","当前请求方法不支持"); /** * 错误码 */ private String resultCode; /** * 错误描述 */ private String resultMsg; CommonEnum(String resultCode, String resultMsg) { this.resultCode = resultCode; this.resultMsg = resultMsg; } @Override public String getResultCode() { return resultCode; } @Override public String getResultMsg() { return resultMsg; } }
然后是一个简单的返回体专用类,ResultBody.java:
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject; /** * @Author:JCccc * @Description: * @Date: created in 15:19 2019/5/3 */ public class ResultBody { /** * 响应代码 */ private String code; /** * 响应消息 */ private String message; /** * 响应结果 */ private Object result; public ResultBody() { } public ResultBody(BaseErrorInfoInterface errorInfo) { this.code = errorInfo.getResultCode(); this.message = errorInfo.getResultMsg(); } public String getCode() { return code; } public void setCode(String code) { this.code = code; } public String getMessage() { return message; } public void setMessage(String message) { this.message = message; } public Object getResult() { return result; } public void setResult(Object result) { this.result = result; } /** * 成功 * * @return */ public static ResultBody success() { return success(null); } /** * 成功 * @param data * @return */ public static ResultBody success(Object data) { ResultBody rb = new ResultBody(); rb.setCode(CommonEnum.SUCCESS.getResultCode()); rb.setMessage(CommonEnum.SUCCESS.getResultMsg()); rb.setResult(data); return rb; } /** * 失败 */ public static ResultBody error(BaseErrorInfoInterface errorInfo) { ResultBody rb = new ResultBody(); rb.setCode(errorInfo.getResultCode()); rb.setMessage(errorInfo.getResultMsg()); rb.setResult(null); return rb; } /** * 失败 */ public static ResultBody error(String code, String message) { ResultBody rb = new ResultBody(); rb.setCode(code); rb.setMessage(message); rb.setResult(null); return rb; } /** * 失败 */ public static ResultBody error( String message) { ResultBody rb = new ResultBody(); rb.setCode("-1"); rb.setMessage(message); rb.setResult(null); return rb; } @Override public String toString() { return JSONObject.toJSONString(this); } }
最后是自定义的业务异常类,和全局异常捕获类,
BizException.java
/** * @Author:JCccc * @Description: * @Date: created in 15:18 2019/5/3 */ public class BizException extends RuntimeException { private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; /** * 错误码 */ protected String errorCode; /** * 错误信息 */ protected String errorMsg; public BizException() { super(); } public BizException(BaseErrorInfoInterface errorInfoInterface) { super(errorInfoInterface.getResultCode()); this.errorCode = errorInfoInterface.getResultCode(); this.errorMsg = errorInfoInterface.getResultMsg(); } public BizException(BaseErrorInfoInterface errorInfoInterface, Throwable cause) { super(errorInfoInterface.getResultCode(), cause); this.errorCode = errorInfoInterface.getResultCode(); this.errorMsg = errorInfoInterface.getResultMsg(); } public BizException(String errorMsg) { super(errorMsg); this.errorMsg = errorMsg; } public BizException(String errorCode, String errorMsg) { super(errorCode); this.errorCode = errorCode; this.errorMsg = errorMsg; } public BizException(String errorCode, String errorMsg, Throwable cause) { super(errorCode, cause); this.errorCode = errorCode; this.errorMsg = errorMsg; } public String getErrorCode() { return errorCode; } public void setErrorCode(String errorCode) { this.errorCode = errorCode; } public String getErrorMsg() { return errorMsg; } public void setErrorMsg(String errorMsg) { this.errorMsg = errorMsg; } public String getMessage() { return errorMsg; } @Override public Throwable fillInStackTrace() { return this; } }
GlobalExceptionHandler.java:
import com.bsapple.vshop.wholeConfig.paramCheck.ParamIsNullException; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; import org.springframework.web.HttpRequestMethodNotSupportedException; import org.springframework.web.bind.MissingServletRequestParameterException; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestControllerAdvice; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; /** * @Author:JCccc * @Description: * @Date: created in 15:29 2019/5/3 */ @RestControllerAdvice public class GlobalExceptionHandler { private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(GlobalExceptionHandler.class); /** * 处理自定义的业务异常 * @param req * @param e * @return */ @ExceptionHandler(value = BizException.class) @ResponseBody public ResultBody bizExceptionHandler(HttpServletRequest req, BizException e){ logger.error("发生业务异常!原因是:{}",e.getErrorMsg()); return ResultBody.error(e.getErrorCode(),e.getErrorMsg()); } /** * 处理空指针的异常 * @param req * @param e * @return */ @ExceptionHandler(value =NullPointerException.class) @ResponseBody public ResultBody exceptionHandler(HttpServletRequest req, NullPointerException e){ logger.error("发生空指针异常!原因是:",e); return ResultBody.error(CommonEnum.BODY_NOT_MATCH); } /** * 处理请求方法不支持的异常 * @param req * @param e * @return */ @ExceptionHandler(value = HttpRequestMethodNotSupportedException.class) @ResponseBody public ResultBody exceptionHandler2(HttpServletRequest req, HttpRequestMethodNotSupportedException e){ logger.error("发生请求方法不支持异常!原因是:",e); return ResultBody.error(CommonEnum.REQUEST_METHOD_SUPPORT_ERROR); } /** * 处理请求方法不支持的异常 * @param req * @param e * @return */ @ExceptionHandler(value = {ParamIsNullException.class,MissingServletRequestParameterException.class}) @ResponseBody public ResultBody exceptionHandler3(HttpServletRequest req, Exception e){ logger.error("参数为空!原因是:",e); return ResultBody.error(CommonEnum.SIGNATURE_NOT_MATCH.getResultCode(),e.getMessage()); } /** * 处理其他异常 * @param req * @param e * @return */ @ExceptionHandler(value =Exception.class) @ResponseBody public ResultBody exceptionHandler(HttpServletRequest req, Exception e){ logger.error("未知异常!原因是:",e); return ResultBody.error(CommonEnum.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR); } }
好了,接下来看看这套实现的东西,效果如何:
给需要的校验的参数加上我们的自定义注解即可,如:
@GetMapping("/hello1") public ResultBody hello1(@ParamCheck String name) { return ResultBody.success(); }
正常访问该接口,
那么我们试试不传参数name
那么我再试试,自定义注解里面默认值的使用:
然后再调用接口,不传name,可以看到默认值赋予成功:
最后再试试,同时用上注解 @RequestParam("userName") 给参数name起了个别名,然后也用上我们的自定义参数校验注解,如:
调用接口,正常访问:
可以回顾看下我们AOP实现类里面的代码,没错,就是二维数组可以接受这个参数的多个注解:
简单的测试效果就到此吧,自己打个debug断点看一看就ok,该篇就到此吧。