最近由于要用到mysql,就想着装一个mysql,但是因为我的虚拟机是centos7的,centos7将默认数据库mysql替换成了Mariadb安装起来就比较的麻烦,遇到各种各样的问题,网上的教程很多,但是基本没有好使的,按照他们的步骤到最后没有一个成功的,搞了很长时间才装好,我记得之前在centos6.5上面安装也没那么复杂啊,但是在7上面不管是用yum方式,还是安装包的方式都搞了好几遍,最后用安装包的方式安装成功了,今天就来总结一下安装的过程.为了方便大家看整个过程,我又重新装了一遍.过程写的比较详细,建议大家先收藏在观看.
1.下载安装包,我用的是5.6.38这个版本,最好是去官网下载.
2.检查是否安装过mysql,如果有先卸载, rpm -qa|grep -i mysql
用yum -y remove删除,如果有多个,一个一个执行,卸载不掉的用 rpm -ev
然后执行find / -name mysql|xargs rm -rf 删除所有mysql的文件夹
3.卸载系统自带的Mariadb
[root@storm2 ~]# rpm -qa|grep mariadb mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64 [root@storm2 ~]#
卸载:rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64,再次执行查看发现已经不存在mariadb了.
4.删除etc目录下的my.cnf
[root@storm2 ~]# rm /etc/my.cnf
5.创建mysql用户组并且创建一个用户名为mysql的用户并加入mysql用户组
[root@storm2 ~]# groupadd mysql [root@storm2 ~]# useradd -g mysql mysql
6.把下载的压缩包上传到 /usr/local/ 目录下
[root@storm2 ~]# cd /usr/local/ [root@storm2 local]# ll total 321036 drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Nov 5 2016 bin drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Nov 5 2016 etc drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Nov 5 2016 games drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Nov 5 2016 include drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Nov 5 2016 lib drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Nov 5 2016 lib64 drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Nov 5 2016 libexec -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 328739574 Jan 3 2018 mysql-5.6.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Nov 5 2016 sbin drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 49 Dec 26 2017 share drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Nov 5 2016 src
7.解压tar包,并重命名.
tar -zxvf mysql-5.6.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz mv mysql-5.6.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql
8.复制一份/usr/local/mysql/support-files/下的my-default.cnf文件到/etc下面.
cp support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
9.配置/etc目录下的my.cnf文件,vi /etc/my.cnf
[mysql] # 设置mysql客户端默认字符集 character-set-server=utf8 socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock [mysqld] skip-name-resolve #设置3306端口 port = 3306 socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock # 设置mysql的安装目录 basedir=/usr/local/mysql # 设置mysql数据库的数据的存放目录 datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data # 允许最大连接数 max_connections=200 # 服务端使用的字符集默认为8比特编码的latin1字符集 character-set-server=utf8 # 创建新表时将使用的默认存储引擎 default-storage-engine=INNODB lower_case_table_name=1 max_allowed_packet=16M
10.进入安装mysql目录,给mysql用户赋权限.
[root@master mysql]# cd /usr/local/mysql/ [root@master mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql ./
11.安装数据库
[root@storm2 mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/ Installing MySQL system tables...2019-01-12 03:33:15 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details). 2019-01-12 03:33:15 0 [Note] Ignoring --secure-file-priv value as server is running with --bootstrap. 2019-01-12 03:33:15 0 [Note] /usr/local/mysql//bin/mysqld (mysqld 5.6.38) starting as process 3620 ... 2019-01-12 03:33:15 3620 [Note] InnoDB: Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages 2019-01-12 03:33:15 3620 [Note] InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled 2019-01-12 03:33:15 3620 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins 2019-01-12 03:33:15 3620 [Note] InnoDB: Memory barrier is not used 2019-01-12 03:33:15 3620 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3 2019-01-12 03:33:15 3620 [Note] InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO 2019-01-12 03:33:15 3620 [Note] InnoDB: Using CPU crc32 instructions 2019-01-12 03:33:15 3620 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M 2019-01-12 03:33:16 3620 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool 2019-01-12 03:33:16 3620 [Note] InnoDB: The first specified data file ./ibdata1 did not exist: a new database to be created! 2019-01-12 03:33:16 3620 [Note] InnoDB: Setting file ./ibdata1 size to 12 MB 2019-01-12 03:33:16 3620 [Note] InnoDB: Database physically writes the file full: wait... 2019-01-12 03:33:16 3620 [Note] InnoDB: Setting log file ./ib_logfile101 size to 48 MB 2019-01-12 03:33:17 3620 [Note] InnoDB: Setting log file ./ib_logfile1 size to 48 MB 2019-01-12 03:33:17 3620 [Note] InnoDB: Renaming log file ./ib_logfile101 to ./ib_logfile0 2019-01-12 03:33:17 3620 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45781 2019-01-12 03:33:17 3620 [Note] InnoDB: Doublewrite buffer not found: creating new 2019-01-12 03:33:17 3620 [Note] InnoDB: Doublewrite buffer created 2019-01-12 03:33:17 3620 [Note] InnoDB: 128 rollback segment(s) are active. 2019-01-12 03:33:17 3620 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables. 2019-01-12 03:33:17 3620 [Note] InnoDB: Foreign key constraint system tables created 2019-01-12 03:33:17 3620 [Note] InnoDB: Creating tablespace and datafile system tables. 2019-01-12 03:33:17 3620 [Note] InnoDB: Tablespace and datafile system tables created. 2019-01-12 03:33:17 3620 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start 2019-01-12 03:33:17 3620 [Note] InnoDB: 5.6.38 started; log sequence number 0 2019-01-12 03:33:18 3620 [Note] Binlog end 2019-01-12 03:33:18 3620 [Note] InnoDB: FTS optimize thread exiting. 2019-01-12 03:33:18 3620 [Note] InnoDB: Starting shutdown... 2019-01-12 03:33:19 3620 [Note] InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1625977 OK Filling help tables...2019-01-12 03:33:19 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details). 2019-01-12 03:33:19 0 [Note] Ignoring --secure-file-priv value as server is running with --bootstrap. 2019-01-12 03:33:19 0 [Note] /usr/local/mysql//bin/mysqld (mysqld 5.6.38) starting as process 3645 ... 2019-01-12 03:33:19 3645 [Note] InnoDB: Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages 2019-01-12 03:33:19 3645 [Note] InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled 2019-01-12 03:33:19 3645 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins 2019-01-12 03:33:19 3645 [Note] InnoDB: Memory barrier is not used 2019-01-12 03:33:19 3645 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3 2019-01-12 03:33:19 3645 [Note] InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO 2019-01-12 03:33:19 3645 [Note] InnoDB: Using CPU crc32 instructions 2019-01-12 03:33:19 3645 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M 2019-01-12 03:33:19 3645 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool 2019-01-12 03:33:20 3645 [Note] InnoDB: Highest supported file format is Barracuda. 2019-01-12 03:33:20 3645 [Note] InnoDB: 128 rollback segment(s) are active. 2019-01-12 03:33:20 3645 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start 2019-01-12 03:33:20 3645 [Note] InnoDB: 5.6.38 started; log sequence number 1625977 2019-01-12 03:33:20 3645 [Note] Binlog end 2019-01-12 03:33:20 3645 [Note] InnoDB: FTS optimize thread exiting. 2019-01-12 03:33:20 3645 [Note] InnoDB: Starting shutdown... 2019-01-12 03:33:21 3645 [Note] InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1625987 OK To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER ! To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands: /usr/local/mysql//bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password' /usr/local/mysql//bin/mysqladmin -u root -h storm2 password 'new-password' Alternatively you can run: /usr/local/mysql//bin/mysql_secure_installation which will also give you the option of removing the test databases and anonymous user created by default. This is strongly recommended for production servers. See the manual for more instructions. You can start the MySQL daemon with: cd . ; /usr/local/mysql//bin/mysqld_safe & You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl cd mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl Please report any problems at http://bugs.mysql.com/ The latest information about MySQL is available on the web at http://www.mysql.com Support MySQL by buying support/licenses at http://shop.mysql.com New default config file was created as /usr/local/mysql//my.cnf and will be used by default by the server when you start it. You may edit this file to change server settings WARNING: Default config file /etc/my.cnf exists on the system This file will be read by default by the MySQL server If you do not want to use this, either remove it, or use the --defaults-file argument to mysqld_safe when starting the server
12.修改当前data目录的拥有者为mysql用户
[root@storm2 mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql data
13.授予my.cnf最大权限
[root@storm2 mysql]# chmod 777 /etc/my.cnf
14.设置开机自启动服务控制脚本：
[root@storm2 mysql]# cp ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
15.增加mysqld服务控制脚本执行权限
[root@storm2 mysql]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
16.将mysqld服务加入到系统服务,并检查mysqld服务是否生效,出现下图所示,表示已经生效
[root@storm2 mysql]# chkconfig --add mysqld [root@storm2 mysql]# chkconfig --list mysqld Note: This output shows SysV services only and does not include native systemd services. SysV configuration data might be overridden by native systemd configuration. If you want to list systemd services use 'systemctl list-unit-files'. To see services enabled on particular target use 'systemctl list-dependencies [target]'. mysqld 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
17,最后启动mysql.
[root@storm2 mysql]# service mysqld start Warning: World-writable config file '/etc/my.cnf' is ignored Starting MySQL.Warning: World-writable config file '/etc/my.cnf' is ignored Warning: World-writable config file '/etc/my.cnf' is ignored Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/data/storm2.err'. ....... SUCCESS!
18,以root账户登录mysql,默认是没有密码的
[root@storm2 bin]# mysql -uroot -p Warning: World-writable config file '/etc/my.cnf' is ignored Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 1 Server version: 5.6.38 MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>
要输入密码的时候直接回车即可。
19.修改密码
mysql> use mysql; Reading table information for completion of table and column names You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Database changed mysql> update user set password=password('12345678') where user='mysql' and host='localhost'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) Rows matched: 0 Changed: 0 Warnings: 0 mysql> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
20.设置远程主机登录，不然在连接的时候会报错
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'mysql'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '12345678' WITH GRANT OPTION; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
到这整个mysql的安装过程就结束了.
