mybatis中的多表查询: 示例:用户和角色 一个用户可以有多个角色 一个角色可以赋予多个用户 步骤: 1、建立两张表:用户表,角色表 让用户表和角色表具有多对多的关系。需要使用中间表,中间表中包含各自的主键,在中间表中是外键。 2、建立两个实体类:用户实体类和角色实体类 让用户和角色的实体类能体现出来多对多的关系 各自包含对方一个集合引用 3、建立两个配置文件 用户的配置文件 角色的配置文件 4、实现配置: 当我们查询用户时,可以同时得到用户所包含的角色信息 当我们查询角色时,可以同时得到角色的所赋予的用户信息
项目目录结构
实现 Role 到 User 多对多
多对多关系其实我们看成是双向的一对多关系。
业务要求
需求:
当我们查询角色时,可以同时得到角色的所赋予的用户信息。
分析:
查询角色我们需要用到Role表,但角色分配的用户的信息我们并不能直接找到用户信息,而是要通过中间表(USER_ROLE 表)才能关联到用户信息。
用户与角色的关系模型
用户与角色的多对多关系模型如下:
角色表:
用户表:
用户角色中间表:
编写角色实体类
Role:
package com.keafmd.domain; import java.io.Serializable; import java.util.List; /** * Keafmd * * @ClassName: Role * @Description: 角色实体类 * @author: 牛哄哄的柯南 * @date: 2021-02-12 16:45 */ public class Role implements Serializable { private Integer roleId; private String roleName; private String roleDesc; //多对多的关系映射 private List<User> users; public List<User> getUsers() { return users; } public void setUsers(List<User> users) { this.users = users; } public Integer getRoleId() { return roleId; } public void setRoleId(Integer roleId) { this.roleId = roleId; } public String getRoleName() { return roleName; } public void setRoleName(String roleName) { this.roleName = roleName; } public String getRoleDesc() { return roleDesc; } public void setRoleDesc(String roleDesc) { this.roleDesc = roleDesc; } @Override public String toString() { return "Role{" + "roleId=" + roleId + ", roleName='" + roleName + '\'' + ", roleDesc='" + roleDesc + '\'' + '}'; } }
编写 Role 持久层接口
IRoleDao:
package com.keafmd.dao; import com.keafmd.domain.Role; import java.util.List; /** * Keafmd * * @ClassName: IRoleDao * @Description: * @author: 牛哄哄的柯南 * @date: 2021-02-12 19:01 */ public interface IRoleDao { /** * 查询所有角色 * @return */ List<Role> findAll(); }
实现的 SQL 语句
select u.*,r.id as rid ,r.role_name ,r.role_desc from role r left outer join user_role ur on r.id = ur.rid left outer join user u on u.id=ur.uid
执行结果:
注意:sql语句换行的时候最好在每行的末尾或开头添加空格,这样可以防止合并成一行时发生错误。
编写映射文件
IRoleDao.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="com.keafmd.dao.IRoleDao"> <!--定义role表的resultmap--> <resultMap id="roleMap" type="role"> <id property="roleId" column="rid"></id> <result property="roleName" column="role_name"></result> <result property="roleDesc" column="role_desc"></result> <collection property="users" ofType="user"> <id column="id" property="id"></id> <result column="username" property="username"></result> <result column="address" property="address"></result> <result column="sex" property="sex"></result> <result column="birthday" property="birthday"></result> </collection> </resultMap> <!--查询所有--> <select id="findAll" resultMap="roleMap"> select u.*,r.id as rid ,r.role_name ,r.role_desc from role r left outer join user_role ur on r.id = ur.rid left outer join user u on u.id=ur.uid </select> </mapper>
测试代码
RoleTest:
package com.keafmd.test; import com.keafmd.dao.IRoleDao; import com.keafmd.dao.IUserDao; import com.keafmd.domain.Role; import com.keafmd.domain.User; import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder; import org.junit.After; import org.junit.Before; import org.junit.Test; import java.io.InputStream; import java.util.List; /** * Keafmd * * @ClassName: MybatisTest * @Description: 测试类,测试crud操作 * @author: 牛哄哄的柯南 * @date: 2021-02-08 15:24 */ public class RoleTest { private InputStream in; private SqlSession sqlsession; private IRoleDao roleDao; @Before // 用于在测试方法执行前执行 public void init()throws Exception{ //1.读取配置文件,生成字节输入流 in = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml"); //2.创建SqlSessionFactory工厂 SqlSessionFactoryBuilder builder = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder(); SqlSessionFactory factory = builder.build(in); //3.使用工厂生产SqlSession对象 sqlsession = factory.openSession(); //里面写个true,下面每次就不用了写 sqlsession.commit(); 了 //4.使用SqlSession创建Dao接口的代理对象 roleDao = sqlsession.getMapper(IRoleDao.class); } @After // 用于在测试方法执行后执行 public void destory() throws Exception{ //提交事务 sqlsession.commit(); //6.释放资源 sqlsession.close(); in.close(); } /** * 查询所有 * @throws Exception */ @Test public void testFindAll() { List<Role> roles = roleDao.findAll(); for (Role role : roles) { System.out.println("--------每个角色的信息---------"); System.out.println(role); System.out.println(role.getUsers()); } } }
运行结果:
2021-02-13 00:05:47,481 349 [ main] DEBUG ansaction.jdbc.JdbcTransaction - Opening JDBC Connection 2021-02-13 00:05:47,784 652 [ main] DEBUG source.pooled.PooledDataSource - Created connection 1027007693. 2021-02-13 00:05:47,784 652 [ main] DEBUG ansaction.jdbc.JdbcTransaction - Setting autocommit to false on JDBC Connection [com.mysql.jdbc.JDBC4Connection@3d36e4cd] 2021-02-13 00:05:47,791 659 [ main] DEBUG om.keafmd.dao.IRoleDao.findAll - ==> Preparing: select u.*,r.id as rid ,r.role_name ,r.role_desc from role r left outer join user_role ur on r.id = ur.rid left outer join user u on u.id=ur.uid 2021-02-13 00:05:47,842 710 [ main] DEBUG om.keafmd.dao.IRoleDao.findAll - ==> Parameters: 2021-02-13 00:05:47,869 737 [ main] DEBUG om.keafmd.dao.IRoleDao.findAll - <== Total: 4 --------每个角色的信息--------- Role{roleId=1, roleName='院长', roleDesc='管理整个学院'} [User{id=41, username='老王', sex='男', address='北京', birthday=Tue Feb 27 17:47:08 CST 2018}, User{id=45, username='新一', sex='男', address='北京', birthday=Sun Mar 04 12:04:06 CST 2018}] --------每个角色的信息--------- Role{roleId=2, roleName='总裁', roleDesc='管理整个公司'} [User{id=41, username='老王', sex='男', address='北京', birthday=Tue Feb 27 17:47:08 CST 2018}] --------每个角色的信息--------- Role{roleId=3, roleName='校长', roleDesc='管理整个学校'} [] 2021-02-13 00:05:47,871 739 [ main] DEBUG ansaction.jdbc.JdbcTransaction - Resetting autocommit to true on JDBC Connection [com.mysql.jdbc.JDBC4Connection@3d36e4cd] 2021-02-13 00:05:47,872 740 [ main] DEBUG ansaction.jdbc.JdbcTransaction - Closing JDBC Connection [com.mysql.jdbc.JDBC4Connection@3d36e4cd] 2021-02-13 00:05:47,872 740 [ main] DEBUG source.pooled.PooledDataSource - Returned connection 1027007693 to pool. Process finished with exit code 0
实现 User 到 Role 的多对多
业务要求
需求:
当我们查询用户时,可以同时得到用户所包含的角色信息。
分析:
相比上面的实现 Role 到 User 多对多,主要变化就是sql语句的变化。
编写用户实体类
User:
package com.keafmd.domain; import java.io.Serializable; import java.util.Date; import java.util.List; /** * Keafmd * * @ClassName: User * @Description: * @author: 牛哄哄的柯南 * @date: 2021-02-08 15:16 */ public class User implements Serializable { private Integer id; private String username; private String sex; private String address; private Date birthday; //多对多的关系映射,一个用户可以具备多个角色 private List<Role> roles; public List<Role> getRoles() { return roles; } public void setRoles(List<Role> roles) { this.roles = roles; } public Integer getId() { return id; } public void setId(Integer id) { this.id = id; } public String getUsername() { return username; } public void setUsername(String username) { this.username = username; } public String getSex() { return sex; } public void setSex(String sex) { this.sex = sex; } public String getAddress() { return address; } public void setAddress(String address) { this.address = address; } public Date getBirthday() { return birthday; } public void setBirthday(Date birthday) { this.birthday = birthday; } @Override public String toString() { return "User{" + "id=" + id + ", username='" + username + '\'' + ", sex='" + sex + '\'' + ", address='" + address + '\'' + ", birthday=" + birthday + '}'; } }
编写 User持久层接口
IUserDao:
package com.keafmd.dao; import com.keafmd.domain.User; import java.util.List; /** * Keafmd * * @ClassName: IUserDao * @Description: 用户的持久层接口 * @author: 牛哄哄的柯南 * @date: 2021-02-06 19:29 */ public interface IUserDao { /** * 查询所有用户,同时获取到用户下所有账户的信息 * @return */ List<User> findAll(); }
实现的 SQL 语句
select u.*,r.id as rid ,r.role_name ,r.role_desc from user u left outer join user_role ur on u.id = ur.uid left outer join role r on r.id=ur.rid
执行结果:
编写映射文件
IUserDao.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="com.keafmd.dao.IUserDao"> <!--定义User的resultMap--> <resultMap id="userMap" type="user"> <id property="id" column="id"></id> <result property="username" column="username"></result> <result property="address" column="address"></result> <result property="sex" column="sex"></result> <result property="birthday" column="birthday"></result> <!--配置角色集合的映射--> <collection property="roles" ofType="role"> <id property="roleId" column="rid"></id> <result property="roleName" column="role_name"></result> <result property="roleDesc" column="role_desc"></result> </collection> </resultMap> <!--配置查询所有--> <select id="findAll" resultMap="userMap"> select u.*,r.id as rid ,r.role_name ,r.role_desc from user u left outer join user_role ur on u.id = ur.uid left outer join role r on r.id=ur.rid </select> </mapper>
测试代码
UserTest :
package com.keafmd.test; import com.keafmd.dao.IUserDao; import com.keafmd.domain.User; import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder; import org.junit.After; import org.junit.Before; import org.junit.Test; import java.io.InputStream; import java.util.List; /** * Keafmd * * @ClassName: MybatisTest * @Description: 测试类,测试crud操作 * @author: 牛哄哄的柯南 * @date: 2021-02-08 15:24 */ public class UserTest { private InputStream in; private SqlSession sqlsession; private IUserDao userDao; @Before // 用于在测试方法执行前执行 public void init()throws Exception{ //1.读取配置文件,生成字节输入流 in = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml"); //2.创建SqlSessionFactory工厂 SqlSessionFactoryBuilder builder = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder(); SqlSessionFactory factory = builder.build(in); //3.使用工厂生产SqlSession对象 sqlsession = factory.openSession(); //里面写个true,下面每次就不用了写 sqlsession.commit(); 了 //4.使用SqlSession创建Dao接口的代理对象 userDao = sqlsession.getMapper(IUserDao.class); } @After // 用于在测试方法执行后执行 public void destory() throws Exception{ //提交事务 sqlsession.commit(); //6.释放资源 sqlsession.close(); in.close(); } /** * 查询所有 * @throws Exception */ @Test public void testFindAll() { List<User> users = userDao.findAll(); for (User user : users) { System.out.println("--------每个用户的信息---------"); System.out.println(user); System.out.println(user.getRoles()); } } }
运行结果:
2021-02-13 00:17:32,971 422 [ main] DEBUG ansaction.jdbc.JdbcTransaction - Opening JDBC Connection 2021-02-13 00:17:33,275 726 [ main] DEBUG source.pooled.PooledDataSource - Created connection 1027007693. 2021-02-13 00:17:33,275 726 [ main] DEBUG ansaction.jdbc.JdbcTransaction - Setting autocommit to false on JDBC Connection [com.mysql.jdbc.JDBC4Connection@3d36e4cd] 2021-02-13 00:17:33,280 731 [ main] DEBUG om.keafmd.dao.IUserDao.findAll - ==> Preparing: select u.*,r.id as rid ,r.role_name ,r.role_desc from user u left outer join user_role ur on u.id = ur.uid left outer join role r on r.id=ur.rid 2021-02-13 00:17:33,319 770 [ main] DEBUG om.keafmd.dao.IUserDao.findAll - ==> Parameters: 2021-02-13 00:17:33,343 794 [ main] DEBUG om.keafmd.dao.IUserDao.findAll - <== Total: 10 --------每个用户的信息--------- User{id=41, username='老王', sex='男', address='北京', birthday=Tue Feb 27 17:47:08 CST 2018} [Role{roleId=1, roleName='院长', roleDesc='管理整个学院'}, Role{roleId=2, roleName='总裁', roleDesc='管理整个公司'}] --------每个用户的信息--------- User{id=42, username='update', sex='男', address='XXXXXXX', birthday=Mon Feb 08 19:37:31 CST 2021} [] --------每个用户的信息--------- User{id=43, username='小二王', sex='女', address='北京', birthday=Sun Mar 04 11:34:34 CST 2018} [] --------每个用户的信息--------- User{id=45, username='新一', sex='男', address='北京', birthday=Sun Mar 04 12:04:06 CST 2018} [Role{roleId=1, roleName='院长', roleDesc='管理整个学院'}] --------每个用户的信息--------- User{id=50, username='Keafmd', sex='男', address='XXXXXXX', birthday=Mon Feb 08 15:44:01 CST 2021} [] --------每个用户的信息--------- User{id=51, username='update DAO', sex='男', address='XXXXXXX', birthday=Tue Feb 09 11:31:38 CST 2021} [] --------每个用户的信息--------- User{id=52, username='Keafmd DAO', sex='男', address='XXXXXXX', birthday=Tue Feb 09 11:29:41 CST 2021} [] --------每个用户的信息--------- User{id=53, username='Keafmd laset insertid 1', sex='男', address='XXXXXXX', birthday=Fri Feb 12 20:53:46 CST 2021} [] --------每个用户的信息--------- User{id=54, username='Keafmd laset insertid 2 auto', sex='男', address='XXXXXXX', birthday=Fri Feb 12 21:02:12 CST 2021} [] 2021-02-13 00:17:33,345 796 [ main] DEBUG ansaction.jdbc.JdbcTransaction - Resetting autocommit to true on JDBC Connection [com.mysql.jdbc.JDBC4Connection@3d36e4cd] 2021-02-13 00:17:33,346 797 [ main] DEBUG ansaction.jdbc.JdbcTransaction - Closing JDBC Connection [com.mysql.jdbc.JDBC4Connection@3d36e4cd] 2021-02-13 00:17:33,346 797 [ main] DEBUG source.pooled.PooledDataSource - Returned connection 1027007693 to pool. Process finished with exit code 0
以上就是Mybatis的多表关联查询(多对多)的全部内容。