一、准备工作
- 首先声明，使用这种方法相当于主动放弃了七牛云存储的CDN优势，只适合访问量不高的个人和小公司。
- 要有一个域名。
- 七牛云空间应该已经绑定了自定义的域名，不懂如何绑定的请查看前一篇文章。笔者绑定的域名是 md.ws65535.top。
- 有一台带公网IP的Linux服务器。笔者服务器IP为 54.191.48.61，Linux环境为 ubuntu14.04。其他发行版原理相同，只不过软件安装方式和目录结构略有不同。
二、安装 Nginx
1. 安装nginx
ubuntu@ip-172-31-27-111:~$ sudo apt-get install nginx
2. 查看nginx版本
ubuntu@ip-172-31-27-111:~$ nginx -v nginx version: nginx/1.4.6 (Ubuntu)
3. 启动nginx
ubuntu@ip-172-31-27-111:~$ sudo service nginx start ubuntu@ip-172-31-27-111:~$ ss -tln State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port LISTEN 0 128 *:80 *:* LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:* LISTEN 0 128 :::80 :::* LISTEN 0 128 :::22 :::*
4. 查看nginx是否安装成功
ubuntu@ip-172-31-27-111:~$ curl http://54.191.48.61 <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title>Welcome to nginx!</title> <style> body { width: 35em; margin: 0 auto; font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; } </style> </head> <body> <h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1> <p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and working. Further configuration is required.</p> <p>For online documentation and support please refer to <a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/> Commercial support is available at <a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p> <p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p> </body> </html>
三、配置Nginx反向代理，将所有访问 qiniu-ssl.ws65535.top 的请求全部转发到 md.ws65535.top
1. sudo vim /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/qiniu-ssl
server
{ server_name qiniu-ssl.ws65535.top;
location
/ { proxy_pass http://md.ws65535.top; } }
编辑完成后使用 nginx -s reload 重新载入Nginx配置文件。
2. 登录域名服务商（这里以阿里云为例）的控制台，添加域名解析。
记录类型为 A，主机记录为 qiniu-ssl.ws65535.top，服务器IP为 54.191.48.61
3. 此时可以使用 qiniu-ssl.ws65535.top 替换 md.ws65535.top 来访问七牛空间资源
例如
http://qiniu-ssl.ws65535.top/xsj/2018_8_6_2018-08-06_181854.jpg
可以访问到下面的资源
http://md.ws65535.top/xsj/2018_8_6_2018-08-06_181854.jpg
四、安装 HTTPS 证书 【参考】
此处只记录ubuntu14.04安装方法
1. 安装 Certbot
$ sudo apt-get update $ sudo apt-get install software-properties-common $ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:certbot/certbot $ sudo apt-get update $ sudo apt-get install python-certbot-nginx
2. 安装HTTPS证书
$ sudo certbot --nginx
实例
ubuntu@ip-172-31-27-111:~$ sudo certbot --nginx Saving debug log to /var/log/letsencrypt/letsencrypt.log Plugins selected: Authenticator nginx, Installer nginx Which names would you like to activate HTTPS for? ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1: agency.ws65535.xyz 2: qiniu-ssl.ws65535.top ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Select the appropriate numbers separated by commas and/or spaces, or leave input blank to select all options shown (Enter 'c' to cancel): 2 #此处选择将 qiniu-ssl.ws65535.top 设为https Obtaining a new certificate Performing the following challenges: http-01 challenge for qiniu-ssl.ws65535.top Waiting for verification... Cleaning up challenges Deploying Certificate to VirtualHost /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/qiniu-ssl Please choose whether or not to redirect HTTP traffic to HTTPS, removing HTTP access. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1: No redirect - Make no further changes to the webserver configuration. 2: Redirect - Make all requests redirect to secure HTTPS access. Choose this for new sites, or if you're confident your site works on HTTPS. You can undo this change by editing your web server's configuration. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Select the appropriate number [1-2] then [enter] (press 'c' to cancel): 2 #是否强制将http方式访问的请求跳转到以HTTPS方式访问 Redirecting all traffic on port 80 to ssl in /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/qiniu-ssl ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Congratulations! You have successfully enabled https://qiniu-ssl.ws65535.top You should test your configuration at: https://www.ssllabs.com/ssltest/analyze.html?d=qiniu-ssl.ws65535.top ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- IMPORTANT NOTES: - Congratulations! Your certificate and chain have been saved at: /etc/letsencrypt/live/qiniu-ssl.ws65535.top/fullchain.pem Your key file has been saved at: /etc/letsencrypt/live/qiniu-ssl.ws65535.top/privkey.pem Your cert will expire on 2018-11-04. To obtain a new or tweaked version of this certificate in the future, simply run certbot again with the "certonly" option. To non-interactively renew *all* of your certificates, run "certbot renew" - If you like Certbot, please consider supporting our work by: Donating to ISRG / Let's Encrypt: https://letsencrypt.org/donate Donating to EFF: https://eff.org/donate-le
3. 此时再查看 配置文件 /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/qiniu-ssl，已经被 certbot 做了修改
ubuntu@ip-172-31-27-111:~$ cat /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/qiniu-ssl server { server_name qiniu-ssl.ws65535.top; location / { proxy_pass http://md.ws65535.top; } listen 443 ssl; # managed by Certbot ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/qiniu-ssl.ws65535.top/fullchain.pem; # managed by Certbot ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/qiniu-ssl.ws65535.top/privkey.pem; # managed by Certbot include /etc/letsencrypt/options-ssl-nginx.conf; # managed by Certbot ssl_dhparam /etc/letsencrypt/ssl-dhparams.pem; # managed by Certbot } server { if ($host = qiniu-ssl.ws65535.top) { return 301 https://$host$request_uri; } # managed by Certbot server_name qiniu-ssl.ws65535.top; listen 80; return 404; # managed by Certbot }
4. 此时再使用 http://qiniu-ssl.ws65535.top/xsj/2018_8_6_2018-08-06_181854.jpg 访问七牛云空间的资源，会被强制跳转到 https://qiniu-ssl.ws65535.top/xsj/2018_8_6_2018-08-06_181854.jpg
5. 由于 letsencrypt 提供的SSL证书有效期为90天，所以要添加定时任务定期更新证书
sudo vim /etc/crontab
# 每月自动更新ssl证书 19 3 1 * * root /usr/bin/certbot renew --dry-run
