用到的Pygame函数
贪吃蛇小游戏用到的函数
| 功能 | 描述 |
| init() | 初始化 pygame |
| display.set_mode() | 以元组或列表为参数创建窗口 |
| update() | 更新屏幕 |
| quit() | 用于取消初始化的 pygame |
| set_caption() | 在屏幕的顶部设置文字 |
| event.get() | 返回所有事件的列表 |
| Surface.fill() | 使用纯色填充屏幕 |
| time.Clock() | 追踪时间 |
| font.Font() | 设置字体 |
创建屏幕
我们使用函数 display.set_mode() 来创建 pygame 窗口，同时我们还要在程序的开始和结尾处进行 init() 和 quit() 函数，以保证程序可以正确开始和结束。
import pygame pygame.init() dis=pygame.display.set_mode((400,300)) pygame.display.update() pygame.quit() quit()
这要我们运行程序，就可以得到如下：
但是这要的代码，我们的程序创建只会一闪而过，下面我们增加一些代码，来保持住程序窗口
import pygame pygame.init() dis=pygame.display.set_mode((400,300)) pygame.display.update() pygame.display.set_caption('Snake game by Edureka') game_over=False while not game_over: for event in pygame.event.get(): print(event) # 打印出所有事件 pygame.quit() quit()
我们增加了游戏窗口的名称，同时还可以在 Python 控制台中看到我们在 pygame 窗口上操作时的所有事件
下面我们来增加关闭响应事件
pygame.init() dis = pygame.display.set_mode((400, 300)) pygame.display.update() pygame.display.set_caption('贪吃蛇') game_over = False while not game_over: for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type==pygame.QUIT: game_over=True pygame.quit() quit()
至此我们的游戏窗口就设置好了，下面就可以来画 snake 了
创建snake
我们首先创建一些颜色变量，用来表示 snake，food，screen 等
pygame.init() dis = pygame.display.set_mode((400, 300)) pygame.display.update() pygame.display.set_caption('贪吃蛇') blue=(0,0,255) red=(255,0,0) game_over = False while not game_over: for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type==pygame.QUIT: game_over=True pygame.draw.rect(dis, blue, [200, 150, 10, 10]) pygame.display.update() pygame.quit() quit()
这样，一只（条）贪吃蛇就创建完成了，就是那个小蓝点儿
使snake动起来
为了实现 snake 的移动，我们需要用到的关键事件是 KEYDOWN，它包含四个 key 值，K_UP, K_DOWN, K_LEFT, 和 K_RIGHT，分别表示向上、向下、向左和向右
pygame.init() pygame.display.set_caption('贪吃蛇') white = (255, 255, 255) black = (0, 0, 0) red = (255, 0, 0) dis = pygame.display.set_mode((800, 600)) game_over = False x1 = 300 y1 = 300 x1_change = 0 y1_change = 0 clock = pygame.time.Clock() while not game_over: for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type == pygame.QUIT: game_over = True if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN: if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT: x1_change = -10 y1_change = 0 elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT: x1_change = 10 y1_change = 0 elif event.key == pygame.K_UP: y1_change = -10 x1_change = 0 elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN: y1_change = 10 x1_change = 0 x1 += x1_change y1 += y1_change dis.fill(white) pygame.draw.rect(dis, black, [x1, y1, 10, 10]) pygame.display.update() clock.tick(30) pygame.quit() quit()
我这里创建了 x1_change 和 y1_change 变量来更新 x 和 y 坐标，使得我们的 snake 可以移动起来
处理Game Over
对于贪吃蛇游戏来说，如果 snake 移动出了游戏屏幕，那么游戏就已经失败了，下面我们就来处理这部分逻辑
import pygame import time pygame.init() pygame.display.set_caption('贪吃蛇') white = (255, 255, 255) black = (0, 0, 0) red = (255, 0, 0) dis_width = 600 dis_height = 400 dis = pygame.display.set_mode((dis_width, dis_width)) game_over = False x1 = dis_width / 2 y1 = dis_height / 2 snake_block = 10 x1_change = 0 y1_change = 0 clock = pygame.time.Clock() snake_speed = 30 font_style = pygame.font.Font("C:/Windows/Fonts/STFANGSO.TTF", 20) def message(msg, color): mesg = font_style.render(msg, True, color) dis.blit(mesg, [dis_width / 2, dis_height / 2]) while not game_over: for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type == pygame.QUIT: game_over = True if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN: if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT: x1_change = -snake_block y1_change = 0 elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT: x1_change = snake_block y1_change = 0 elif event.key == pygame.K_UP: y1_change = -snake_block x1_change = 0 elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN: y1_change = snake_block x1_change = 0 if x1 >= dis_width or x1 < 0 or y1 >= dis_height or y1 < 0: game_over = True x1 += x1_change y1 += y1_change dis.fill(white) pygame.draw.rect(dis, black, [x1, y1, snake_block, snake_block]) pygame.display.update() clock.tick(snake_speed) message("你失败了，请重新开始游戏！", red) pygame.display.update() time.sleep(2) pygame.quit() quit()
增加食物
既然是贪吃蛇，当然要投食了，下面我们就来处理食物
import pygame import time import random pygame.init() pygame.display.set_caption('贪吃蛇') white = (255, 255, 255) black = (0, 0, 0) red = (255, 0, 0) blue = (0, 0, 255) dis_width = 800 dis_height = 600 dis = pygame.display.set_mode((dis_width, dis_height)) clock = pygame.time.Clock() snake_block = 10 snake_speed = 30 font_style = pygame.font.Font("C:/Windows/Fonts/STFANGSO.TTF", 20) def message(msg, color): mesg = font_style.render(msg, True, color) dis.blit(mesg, [dis_width / 3, dis_height / 3]) def gameLoop(): # creating a function game_over = False game_close = False x1 = dis_width / 2 y1 = dis_height / 2 x1_change = 0 y1_change = 0 foodx = round(random.randrange(0, dis_width - snake_block) / 10.0) * 10.0 foody = round(random.randrange(0, dis_width - snake_block) / 10.0) * 10.0 while not game_over: while game_close == True: dis.fill(white) message("你失败了，请重新开始游戏！", red) pygame.display.update() for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN: if event.key == pygame.K_q: game_over = True game_close = False if event.key == pygame.K_c: gameLoop() for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type == pygame.QUIT: game_over = True if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN: if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT: x1_change = -snake_block y1_change = 0 elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT: x1_change = snake_block y1_change = 0 elif event.key == pygame.K_UP: y1_change = -snake_block x1_change = 0 elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN: y1_change = snake_block x1_change = 0 if x1 >= dis_width or x1 < 0 or y1 >= dis_height or y1 < 0: game_close = True x1 += x1_change y1 += y1_change dis.fill(white) pygame.draw.rect(dis, blue, [foodx, foody, snake_block, snake_block]) pygame.draw.rect(dis, black, [x1, y1, snake_block, snake_block]) pygame.display.update() if x1 == foodx and y1 == foody: print("Good!") clock.tick(snake_speed) pygame.quit() quit() gameLoop()
我这里创建了一个函数 gameLoop 作为我们的主函数，同时还初始化了 snake 的食物，还同时增加了键盘 c 和 q 关键字，来重新开始游戏和退出游戏
snake的成长
下面我们就开始在 snake 吃掉食物之后，增加 snake 的长度，这也是游戏的基本规则
import pygame import time import random pygame.init() pygame.display.set_caption('贪吃蛇') font_style = pygame.font.Font("C:/Windows/Fonts/STFANGSO.TTF", 20) score_font = pygame.font.Font("C:/Windows/Fonts/STCAIYUN.TTF", 30) white = (255, 255, 255) yellow = (255, 255, 102) black = (0, 0, 0) red = (213, 50, 80) green = (0, 255, 0) blue = (50, 153, 213) dis_width = 600 dis_height = 400 dis = pygame.display.set_mode((dis_width, dis_height)) clock = pygame.time.Clock() snake_block = 10 snake_speed = 15 def our_snake(snake_block, snake_list): for x in snake_list: pygame.draw.rect(dis, black, [x[0], x[1], snake_block, snake_block]) def message(msg, color): mesg = font_style.render(msg, True, color) dis.blit(mesg, [dis_width / 6, dis_height / 3]) def gameLoop(): game_over = False game_close = False x1 = dis_width / 2 y1 = dis_height / 2 x1_change = 0 y1_change = 0 snake_List = [] Length_of_snake = 1 foodx = round(random.randrange(0, dis_width - snake_block) / 10.0) * 10.0 foody = round(random.randrange(0, dis_height - snake_block) / 10.0) * 10.0 while not game_over: while game_close == True: dis.fill(blue) message("你失败了，请重新开始游戏！", red) pygame.display.update() for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN: if event.key == pygame.K_q: game_over = True game_close = False if event.key == pygame.K_c: gameLoop() for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type == pygame.QUIT: game_over = True if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN: if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT: x1_change = -snake_block y1_change = 0 elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT: x1_change = snake_block y1_change = 0 elif event.key == pygame.K_UP: y1_change = -snake_block x1_change = 0 elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN: y1_change = snake_block x1_change = 0 if x1 >= dis_width or x1 < 0 or y1 >= dis_height or y1 < 0: game_close = True x1 += x1_change y1 += y1_change dis.fill(blue) pygame.draw.rect(dis, green, [foodx, foody, snake_block, snake_block]) snake_Head = [] snake_Head.append(x1) snake_Head.append(y1) snake_List.append(snake_Head) if len(snake_List) > Length_of_snake: del snake_List[0] for x in snake_List[:-1]: if x == snake_Head: game_close = True our_snake(snake_block, snake_List) pygame.display.update() if x1 == foodx and y1 == foody: foodx = round(random.randrange(0, dis_width - snake_block) / 10.0) * 10.0 foody = round(random.randrange(0, dis_height - snake_block) / 10.0) * 10.0 Length_of_snake += 1 clock.tick(snake_speed) pygame.quit() quit() gameLoop()
展示得分
最后我们来显示得分，毕竟对于游戏来说，玩家的得分还是很重要的
import pygame import time import random pygame.init() pygame.display.set_caption('贪吃蛇') font_style = pygame.font.Font("C:/Windows/Fonts/STFANGSO.TTF", 20) score_font = pygame.font.Font("C:/Windows/Fonts/STCAIYUN.TTF", 30) white = (255, 255, 255) yellow = (255, 255, 102) black = (0, 0, 0) red = (213, 50, 80) green = (0, 255, 0) blue = (50, 153, 213) dis_width = 600 dis_height = 400 dis = pygame.display.set_mode((dis_width, dis_height)) clock = pygame.time.Clock() snake_block = 10 snake_speed = 15 def Your_score(score): value = score_font.render("Your Score: " + str(score), True, yellow) dis.blit(value, [0, 0]) def our_snake(snake_block, snake_list): for x in snake_list: pygame.draw.rect(dis, black, [x[0], x[1], snake_block, snake_block]) def message(msg, color): mesg = font_style.render(msg, True, color) dis.blit(mesg, [dis_width / 6, dis_height / 3]) def gameLoop(): game_over = False game_close = False x1 = dis_width / 2 y1 = dis_height / 2 x1_change = 0 y1_change = 0 snake_List = [] Length_of_snake = 1 foodx = round(random.randrange(0, dis_width - snake_block) / 10.0) * 10.0 foody = round(random.randrange(0, dis_height - snake_block) / 10.0) * 10.0 while not game_over: while game_close == True: dis.fill(blue) message("你失败了，请重新开始游戏！", red) Your_score(Length_of_snake - 1) pygame.display.update() for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN: if event.key == pygame.K_q: game_over = True game_close = False if event.key == pygame.K_c: gameLoop() for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type == pygame.QUIT: game_over = True if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN: if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT: x1_change = -snake_block y1_change = 0 elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT: x1_change = snake_block y1_change = 0 elif event.key == pygame.K_UP: y1_change = -snake_block x1_change = 0 elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN: y1_change = snake_block x1_change = 0 if x1 >= dis_width or x1 < 0 or y1 >= dis_height or y1 < 0: game_close = True x1 += x1_change y1 += y1_change dis.fill(blue) pygame.draw.rect(dis, green, [foodx, foody, snake_block, snake_block]) snake_Head = [] snake_Head.append(x1) snake_Head.append(y1) snake_List.append(snake_Head) if len(snake_List) > Length_of_snake: del snake_List[0] for x in snake_List[:-1]: if x == snake_Head: game_close = True our_snake(snake_block, snake_List) Your_score(Length_of_snake - 1) pygame.display.update() if x1 == foodx and y1 == foody: foodx = round(random.randrange(0, dis_width - snake_block) / 10.0) * 10.0 foody = round(random.randrange(0, dis_height - snake_block) / 10.0) * 10.0 Length_of_snake += 1 clock.tick(snake_speed) pygame.quit() quit() gameLoop()
这里创建了一个 Your_score 函数来记录玩家得分
这样，我们就完成了一个简易的贪吃蛇小游戏了
最后的最后，我们再给游戏添加音乐背景，让游戏的时光更加惬意吧
# 播放音乐 pygame.init() pygame.mixer.music.load(r"Game.mp3") pygame.mixer.music.play()
