执行流程
用户点击某个请求路径,发起一个 HTTP request 请求,该请求会被提交到 DispatcherServlet(前端控制器);
由 DispatcherServlet 请求一个或多个 HandlerMapping(处理器映射器),并返回一个执行链(HandlerExecutionChain)。
DispatcherServlet 将执行链返回的 Handler 信息发送给 HandlerAdapter(处理器适配器);
HandlerAdapter 根据 Handler 信息找到并执行相应的 Handler(常称为 Controller);
Handler 执行完毕后会返回给 HandlerAdapter 一个 ModelAndView 对象(Spring MVC的底层对象,包括 Model 数据模型和 View 视图信息);
HandlerAdapter 接收到 ModelAndView 对象后,将其返回给 DispatcherServlet ;
DispatcherServlet 接收到 ModelAndView 对象后,会请求 ViewResolver(视图解析器)对视图进行解析;
ViewResolver 根据 View 信息匹配到相应的视图结果,并返回给 DispatcherServlet;
DispatcherServlet 接收到具体的 View 视图后,进行视图渲染,将 Model 中的模型数据填充到 View 视图中的 request 域,生成最终的 View(视图);
视图负责将结果显示到浏览器(客户端)。
XML版
搭建环境
导入所需jar包坐标
<packaging>war</packaging> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source> <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>5.2.4.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId> <version>5.2.4.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> <version>5.2.4.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>5.2.4.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <!-- 事务 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>5.2.4.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <!-- mysql驱动 --> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>8.0.24</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>druid</artifactId> <version>1.2.4</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId> <version>3.5.7</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>tk.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mapper</artifactId> <version>3.5.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.github.pagehelper</groupId> <artifactId>pagehelper</artifactId> <version>3.7.5</version> </dependency> <!--整合--> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId> <version>2.0.5</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.12</version> </dependency> <!-- mvc json --> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId> <version>2.10.2</version> </dependency> <!--swagger2--> <dependency> <groupId>io.springfox</groupId> <artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId> <version>2.7.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>io.springfox</groupId> <artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId> <version>2.7.0</version> </dependency> <!--文件上传--> <dependency> <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId> <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId> <version>1.4</version> </dependency> <!--jsp相关--> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId> <version>3.1.0</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId> <version>2.3.1</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId> <version>1.7.10</version> </dependency> </dependencies>
步骤
1.编写Controller UserController
2.编写jsp页面
3.编写配置文件扫描Controller
4.在web.xml中配置前端控制器
5.编写首页 部署项目 并访问
实现
1.编写Controller UserController
@Controller @RequestMapping("/user") public class UserController { @RequestMapping("/selectAll") public String selectAll(){ return "/list.jsp"; } }
2.编写jsp页面
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> <html> <head> <title>Title</title> </head> <body> 列表页面 </body> </html>
3.编写springmvc.xml配置文件 扫描Controller
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <context:component-scan base-package="com.czxy.mvc.controller"></context:component-scan> </beans>
4.在web.xml配置前端控制器
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd" version="4.0"> <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name> <servlet> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value> </init-param> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app>
5.编写首页 部署项目并访问
注解版
搭建环境
导入所需jar包坐标
<packaging>war</packaging> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source> <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target> <!--声明不需要web.xml文件--> <failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>5.2.4.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId> <version>5.2.4.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> <version>5.2.4.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>5.2.4.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <!-- 事务 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>5.2.4.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <!-- mysql驱动 --> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>8.0.24</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>druid</artifactId> <version>1.2.4</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId> <version>3.5.7</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>tk.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mapper</artifactId> <version>3.5.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.github.pagehelper</groupId> <artifactId>pagehelper</artifactId> <version>3.7.5</version> </dependency> <!--整合--> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId> <version>2.0.5</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.12</version> </dependency> <!-- mvc json --> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId> <version>2.10.2</version> </dependency> <!--swagger2--> <dependency> <groupId>io.springfox</groupId> <artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId> <version>2.7.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>io.springfox</groupId> <artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId> <version>2.7.0</version> </dependency> <!--文件上传--> <dependency> <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId> <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId> <version>1.4</version> </dependency> <!--jsp相关--> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId> <version>3.1.0</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId> <version>2.3.1</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId> <version>1.7.10</version> </dependency> </dependencies>
步骤
1.编写Controller UserController
2.编写jsp 转发到jsp
3.编写核心配置类(替代xml版 springconfig.xml)
4.编写核心配置类(web.xm)
5.编写首页 部署 并访问http://localhost:8080/maven_mvc_anno/user/selectAll.action
实现
1.编写Controller UserController
@Controller @RequestMapping("/user") public class UserController { @RequestMapping("/selectAll") public String selectAll(){ return "/list.jsp"; } }
2.编写jsp 显示提示 list.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> <html> <head> <title>Title</title> </head> <body> 列表 </body> </html>
3.编写配置类 MvcConfiguration1 扫描Controller
@Configuration @ComponentScan(basePackages = "com.czxy.controller") public class MvcConfiguration1 { }
4.编写WebInitializer 配置类
public class WebInitializer1 implements WebApplicationInitializer { @Override public void onStartup(ServletContext servletContext) throws ServletException { //1 配置spring工厂 AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext application = new AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext(); // 注册所有的配置类 application.register(MvcConfiguration1.class); //2 post中文乱码 FilterRegistration.Dynamic encodingFilter = servletContext.addFilter("encoding", new CharacterEncodingFilter("UTF-8")); encodingFilter.addMappingForUrlPatterns(null, true, "/*"); //3 核心控制器 ServletRegistration.Dynamic mvcServlet = servletContext.addServlet("springmvc", new DispatcherServlet(application)); mvcServlet.addMapping("*.action"); mvcServlet.setLoadOnStartup(2); //tomcat启动时,执行servlet的初始化方法 } }
5.编写首页 index.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> <html> <head> <title>Title</title> </head> <body> <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/selectAll.action">入门案例</a> </body> </html>
6.部署并启动服务器 访问