Java注解—高级用法与深入解读（3）

/**
 * 表注解
 */
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)//只能应用于类上
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)//保存到运行时
public @interface DBTable {
    String name() default "";
}
/**
 * 注解Integer类型的字段
 */
@Target(ElementType.FIELD)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface SQLInteger {
    //该字段对应数据库表列名
    String name() default "";
    //嵌套注解
    Constraints constraint() default @Constraints;
}
/**
 * 注解String类型的字段
 */
@Target(ElementType.FIELD)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface SQLString {
    //对应数据库表的列名
    String name() default "";
    //列类型分配的长度，如varchar(30)的30
    int value() default 0;
    Constraints constraint() default @Constraints;
}
/**
 * 约束注解
 */
@Target(ElementType.FIELD)//只能应用在字段上
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface Constraints {
    //判断是否作为主键约束
    boolean primaryKey() default false;
    //判断是否允许为null
    boolean allowNull() default false;
    //判断是否唯一
    boolean unique() default false;
}
/**
 * 数据库表Member对应实例类bean
 */
@DBTable(name = "MEMBER")
public class Member {
    //主键ID
    @SQLString(name = "ID",value = 50, constraint = @Constraints(primaryKey = true))
    private String id;
    @SQLString(name = "NAME" , value = 30)
    private String name;
    @SQLInteger(name = "AGE")
    private int age;
    @SQLString(name = "DESCRIPTION" ,value = 150 , constraint = @Constraints(allowNull = true))
    private String description;//个人描述
   //省略set get.....
}

import java.lang.annotation.Annotation;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
/**
 * 运行时注解处理器，构造表创建语句
 */
public class TableCreator {
  public static String createTableSql(String className) throws ClassNotFoundException {
    Class<?> cl = Class.forName(className);
    DBTable dbTable = cl.getAnnotation(DBTable.class);
    //如果没有表注解，直接返回
    if(dbTable == null) {
      System.out.println(
              "No DBTable annotations in class " + className);
      return null;
    }
    String tableName = dbTable.name();
    // If the name is empty, use the Class name:
    if(tableName.length() < 1)
      tableName = cl.getName().toUpperCase();
    List<String> columnDefs = new ArrayList<String>();
    //通过Class类API获取到所有成员字段
    for(Field field : cl.getDeclaredFields()) {
      String columnName = null;
      //获取字段上的注解
      Annotation[] anns = field.getDeclaredAnnotations();
      if(anns.length < 1)
        continue; // Not a db table column
      //判断注解类型
      if(anns[0] instanceof SQLInteger) {
        SQLInteger sInt = (SQLInteger) anns[0];
        //获取字段对应列名称，如果没有就是使用字段名称替代
        if(sInt.name().length() < 1)
          columnName = field.getName().toUpperCase();
        else
          columnName = sInt.name();
        //构建语句
        columnDefs.add(columnName + " INT" +
                getConstraints(sInt.constraint()));
      }
      //判断String类型
      if(anns[0] instanceof SQLString) {
        SQLString sString = (SQLString) anns[0];
        // Use field name if name not specified.
        if(sString.name().length() < 1)
          columnName = field.getName().toUpperCase();
        else
          columnName = sString.name();
        columnDefs.add(columnName + " VARCHAR(" +
                sString.value() + ")" +
                getConstraints(sString.constraint()));
      }
    }
    //数据库表构建语句
    StringBuilder createCommand = new StringBuilder(
            "CREATE TABLE " + tableName + "(");
    for(String columnDef : columnDefs)
      createCommand.append("\n    " + columnDef + ",");
    // Remove trailing comma
    String tableCreate = createCommand.substring(
            0, createCommand.length() - 1) + ");";
    return tableCreate;
  }
    /**
     * 判断该字段是否有其他约束
     * @param con
     * @return
     */
  private static String getConstraints(Constraints con) {
    String constraints = "";
    if(!con.allowNull())
      constraints += " NOT NULL";
    if(con.primaryKey())
      constraints += " PRIMARY KEY";
    if(con.unique())
      constraints += " UNIQUE";
    return constraints;
  }
  public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    String[] arg={"com.zejian.annotationdemo.Member"};
    for(String className : arg) {
      System.out.println("Table Creation SQL for " +
              className + " is :\n" + createTableSql(className));
    }
    /**
     * 输出结果：
     Table Creation SQL for com.zejian.annotationdemo.Member is :
     CREATE TABLE MEMBER(
     ID VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
     NAME VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL,
     AGE INT NOT NULL,
     DESCRIPTION VARCHAR(150)
     );
     */
  }
}

//Java8前无法这样使用
@FilterPath("/web/update")
@FilterPath("/web/add")
public class A {}

@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface FilterPath {
    String [] value();
}

//使用
@FilterPath({"/update","/add"})
public class A { }