MongoDB 简介
MongoDB 是由 C++ 编写的非关系型数据库,是一个基于分布式文件存储的开源数据库系统,它将数据存储为一个文档,数据结构由键值 (key=>value) 对组成。MongoDB 文档类似于 JSON 对象。字段值可以包含其他文档,数组及文档数组,非常灵活。存储结构如下:
{ "studentId": "201311611405", "age":24, "gender":"男", "name":"一个优秀的废人" }
准备工作
- SpringBoot 2.1.3 RELEASE
- MongnDB 2.1.3 RELEASE
- MongoDB 4.0
- IDEA
- JDK8
- 创建一个名为 test 的数据库,不会建的。参考菜鸟教程:
http://www.runoob.com/mongodb/mongodb-tutorial.html
配置数据源
spring: data: mongodb: uri: mongodb://localhost:27017/test
以上是无密码写法,如果 MongoDB 设置了密码应这样设置:
spring: data: mongodb: uri: mongodb://name:password@localhost:27017/test
pom 依赖配置
<!-- mongodb 依赖 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-mongodb</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- web 依赖 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- lombok 依赖 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <!-- test 依赖(没用到) --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency>
实体类
@Data public class Student { @Id private String id; @NotNull private String studentId; private Integer age; private String name; private String gender; }
dao 层
和 JPA 一样,SpringBoot 同样为开发者准备了一套 Repository ,只需要继承 MongoRepository 传入实体类型以及主键类型即可。
@Repository public interface StudentRepository extends MongoRepository<Student, String> { }
service 层
public interface StudentService { Student addStudent(Student student); void deleteStudent(String id); Student updateStudent(Student student); Student findStudentById(String id); List<Student> findAllStudent(); }
实现类:
@Service public class StudentServiceImpl implements StudentService { @Autowired private StudentRepository studentRepository; /** * 添加学生信息 * @param student * @return */ @Override @Transactional(rollbackFor = Exception.class) public Student addStudent(Student student) { return studentRepository.save(student); } /** * 根据 id 删除学生信息 * @param id */ @Override public void deleteStudent(String id) { studentRepository.deleteById(id); } /** * 更新学生信息 * @param student * @return */ @Override @Transactional(rollbackFor = Exception.class) public Student updateStudent(Student student) { Student oldStudent = this.findStudentById(student.getId()); if (oldStudent != null){ oldStudent.setStudentId(student.getStudentId()); oldStudent.setAge(student.getAge()); oldStudent.setName(student.getName()); oldStudent.setGender(student.getGender()); return studentRepository.save(oldStudent); } else { return null; } } /** * 根据 id 查询学生信息 * @param id * @return */ @Override public Student findStudentById(String id) { return studentRepository.findById(id).get(); } /** * 查询学生信息列表 * @return */ @Override public List<Student> findAllStudent() { return studentRepository.findAll(); } }
controller 层
@RestController @RequestMapping("/student") public class StudentController { @Autowired private StudentService studentService; @PostMapping("/add") public Student addStudent(@RequestBody Student student){ return studentService.addStudent(student); } @PutMapping("/update") public Student updateStudent(@RequestBody Student student){ return studentService.updateStudent(student); } @GetMapping("/{id}") public Student findStudentById(@PathVariable("id") String id){ return studentService.findStudentById(id); } @DeleteMapping("/{id}") public void deleteStudentById(@PathVariable("id") String id){ studentService.deleteStudent(id); } @GetMapping("/list") public List<Student> findAllStudent(){ return studentService.findAllStudent(); } }
测试结果
Postman 测试已经全部通过,这里仅展示了保存操作。
这里推荐一个数据库可视化工具 Robo 3T 。
下载地址:https://robomongo.org/download
完整代码
https://github.com/turoDog/Demo/tree/master/springboot_mongodb_demo
如果觉得对你有帮助,请给个 Star 再走呗,非常感谢。
后语
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