首先引用一句名言：
Don’t communicate by sharing memory; share memory by communicating.（不要通过共享内存来通信，而应该通过通信来共享内存。）-Rob Pike
我是这样理解的：
1 简介
通道(chan)类似于一个队列，特性就是先进先出，多用于goruntine之间的通信
声明方式：
ch := make(chan int)放入元素：
ch <- 0取出元素：
elem1 := <-ch遍历元素：
for data := range ch {
...
}2 最基本使用
func chanPlay01() {
//声明一个chan，设置长度为3
ch1 := make(chan int, 3)
//进channel
ch1 <- 2
ch1 <- 1
ch1 <- 3
//出channel
elem1 := <-ch1
elem2 := <-ch1
elem3 := <-ch1
//打印通道的值
fmt.Printf("The first element received from channel ch1: %v\n", elem1)
fmt.Printf("The first element received from channel ch1: %v\n", elem2)
fmt.Printf("The first element received from channel ch1: %v\n", elem3)
//关闭通道
close(ch1)
}3 引入panic()方法
func chanPlay03() {
//声明一个chan，设置长度为3
ch1 := make(chan int, 2)
//进channel
ch1 <- 2
ch1 <- 1
ch1 <- 3
//出channel
elem1 := <-ch1
elem2 := <-ch1
elem3 := <-ch1
//打印通道的值
fmt.Printf("The first element received from channel ch1: %v\n", elem1)
fmt.Printf("The first element received from channel ch1: %v\n", elem2)
//panic内置函数停止当前线程的正常执行goroutine
panic(ch1)
fmt.Printf("The first element received from channel ch1: %v\n", elem3)
//关闭通道
close(ch1)
}4 不同协程间通信
func main() {
// 构建一个通道
ch := make(chan int)
// 开启一个并发匿名函数
go func() {
// 从3循环到0
for i := 3; i >= 0; i-- {
// 发送3到0之间的数值
ch <- i
// 每次发送完时等待
time.Sleep(time.Second)
}
}()
// 遍历接收通道数据
for data := range ch {
// 打印通道数据
fmt.Println(data)
// 当遇到数据0时, 退出接收循环
if data == 0 {
break
}
}
}