1、目前主流的数据库有两种,
* 一个是关系型数据库,如MySql
* 一个是非关系型数据库 如mongodb
对与mysql和mongodb数据库,python中分别有对接的连接操作库
2、python连接mysql:
在python中,连接mysql用到的库是
> pymysql
安装方法直接使用命令:
> pip install pymsql
引入方式:
> import pymysql
连接数据库:
```python
db = pymysql.connect(host='127.0.0.1',
user='root',
password='123456',
database='bookmanager')
```
获取游标:
> cur = db.cursor()
关闭数据库:
> db.close()
使用python执行增删改查的操作的完整代码:
```python
#!/usr/bin/python3
import pymysql
db = pymysql.connect(host='127.0.0.1',
user='root',
password='123456',
database='bookmanager')
#print(db)
cur = db.cursor()
#print(cur)
# SQL 插入语句
sql = """INSERT INTO BOOK(NAME,
AUTHOR, PUBLISH, HAVE, HOT)
VALUES ('001', 'test', '002', 100, 200)"""
# 查询
sql = "SELECT * FROM BOOK WHERE hot > 1000"
#修改
sql = "UPDATE BOOK SET name = 'ZS1000' WHERE hot > 1000"
#删除
sql = "delete FROM BOOK where hot > 1000"
sql = """CREATE TABLE TEST (
FIRST_NAME CHAR(20) NOT NULL,
LAST_NAME CHAR(20),
AGE INT,
SEX CHAR(1),
INCOME FLOAT )"""
#删除表
sql = "DROP TABLE IF EXISTS TEST"
try:
cur.execute(sql)
db.commit()
except:
print('have exception')
db.rollback()
db.close()
```
3、python连接mongodb的库是:
> pymongo
安装以及引人:
> pip install pymongo
> import pymongo
建立数据库连接:
> mongo_client = pymongo.MongoClient("mongodb://192.168.1.200:30000")
指定数据库:
> mongo_db = mongo_client["test"]
操作数据库 完整代码如下:
```python
#!/usr/bin/python3
import pymongo
mongo_client = pymongo.MongoClient("mongodb://192.168.1.200:30000")
print(mongo_client)
mongo_db = mongo_client["test"]
print(mongo_db)
#获取集合
collist = mongo_db.list_collection_names()
#print(collist)
coll = mongo_db['new_coll']
#print(coll)
#coll.insert_one({'name':'new_coll'})
#获取集合
#collist = mongo_db.list_collection_names()
#print(collist)
coll = mongo_db["new_coll"]
for x in coll.find():
print(x)
#query_my = {"name":"new_coll"}
#update_q = {"$set":{"name":"new_coll_1"}}
#coll.update_one(query_my,update_q)
#print(coll.find()[0])
print('*'*25)
query_my = {"name":"new_coll"}
coll.delete_many(query_my)
for x in coll.find():
print(x)
```