技术分享 | 数据持久化技术（Java）

本章介绍 Web 后端开发中数据持久化技术 TKMyBatis。

TKMyBatis简介

TKMybatis 是基于 Mybatis 框架开发的一个工具，内部实现了对单表的基本数据操作，只需要简单继承 TKMybatis 提供的接口，就能够实现无需编写任何 sql 即能完成单表操作。

下面简单介绍下 MyBatis ， MyBatis 是一款优秀的持久层框架，它支持自定义 SQL、存储过程以及高级映射。MyBatis 免除了几乎所有的 JDBC 代码以及设置参数和获取结果集的工作。MyBatis 可以通过简单的 XML 或注解来配置和映射原始类型、接口和 Java POJO（Plain Old Java Objects，普通老式 Java 对象）为数据库中的记录。

详细内容请参考 https://mybatis.org/mybatis-3/zh/index.html

TKMyBatis快速开始

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>tk.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mapper</artifactId>
            <version>4.0.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>tk.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mapper-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import tk.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;

@SpringBootApplication
@MapperScan("com.hogwartsmini.demo.dao")
public class DemoApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
    }

}

在实体类中，常用的注解和意义为：
Table：描述数据库表信息，主要属性有 name(表名)、schema、catalog、uniqueConstraints 等。
Id：指定表主键字段，没有属性值。
Column：描述数据库字段信息，主要属性有 name(字段名)、columnDefinition、insertable、length、nullable(是否可为空)、precision、scale、table、unique、updatable 等。

ColumnType：描述数据库字段类型，可对一些特殊类型作配置，进行特殊处理，主要属性有 jdbcType、column、typeHandler 等。

• 创建业务 Mapper 公共接口

首先创建一个公共接口，继承 Mapper, MySqlMapper, IdsMapper 三个类，用于后续业务 Mapper 接口直接实现。

import tk.mybatis.mapper.common.IdsMapper;
import tk.mybatis.mapper.common.Mapper;
import tk.mybatis.mapper.common.MySqlMapper;

public interface MySqlExtensionMapper<T> extends Mapper<T>, MySqlMapper<T>, IdsMapper<T> {
}

• 创建业务 Mapper 接口

创建 HogwartsTestUserMapper.java 接口

import com.hogwartsmini.demo.common.MySqlExtensionMapper;
import com.hogwartsmini.demo.entity.HogwartsTestUser;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

@Repository
public interface HogwartsTestUserMapper extends MySqlExtensionMapper<HogwartsTestUser> {

}

• 新增操作

• 删除

• 修改

• 查询

spring:
  application:
    name: aitest
  #数据库配置信息
  datasource:
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/aitest_mini?allowMultiQueries=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
    username: hogwarts
    password: db@hogwarts
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver

mybatis:
  mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*.xml
  type-aliases-package: com.hogwartstest.aitestmini.entity
  configuration:
    mapUnderscoreToCamelCase: true

logging:
  level:
    com.hogwartstest.aitestmini.dao: debug #打印sql

CREATE TABLE `hogwarts_test_user` (
  `id` int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主键',
  `user_name` varchar(50) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '用户名',
  `password` varchar(32) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '密码',
  `email` varchar(50) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '邮箱',
  `auto_create_case_job_name` varchar(50) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '自动生成用例job名称 不为空时表示已经创建job',
  `start_test_job_name` varchar(50) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '执行测试job名称 不为空时表示已经创建job',
  `default_jenkins_id` int DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '默认Jenkins服务器',
  `create_time` datetime NOT NULL COMMENT '创建时间',
  `update_time` datetime NOT NULL COMMENT '更新时间',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=12 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_general_ci ROW_FORMAT=DYNAMIC COMMENT='用户表';

import com.hogwartsmini.demo.entity.HogwartsTestUser;
import com.hogwartsmini.demo.service.HogwartsTestUserService;
import io.swagger.annotations.Api;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiOperation;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * @Author tlibn
 * @Date 2020/7/16 17:14
 **/
@Api(tags = "霍格沃兹测试学院-用户管理模块")
@RestController
@RequestMapping("hogwartsUser")
public class HogwartsTestUserDbController {

    @Autowired
    private HogwartsTestUserService hogwartsTestUserService;

    @ApiOperation("用户注册")
    @PostMapping("register")
    public HogwartsTestUser register(
            @RequestBody HogwartsTestUser hogwartsTestUser){
        return hogwartsTestUserService.save(hogwartsTestUser);
    }

    @ApiOperation("用户信息修改接口")
    @PutMapping()
    public HogwartsTestUser updateUserInfo(
            @RequestBody HogwartsTestUser hogwartsTestUser){
        return hogwartsTestUserService.update(hogwartsTestUser);
    }

    @ApiOperation("根据用户id删除用户信息")
    @DeleteMapping("{userId}")
    public Integer delete(@PathVariable("userId") Integer userId){
        return hogwartsTestUserService.delete(userId);
    }

    @ApiOperation("根据用户名查询")
    @GetMapping("byName")
    public List<HogwartsTestUser> getByName(
            @RequestParam("userName") String userName){
        HogwartsTestUser hogwartsTestUser = new HogwartsTestUser();
        hogwartsTestUser.setUserName(userName);
        return hogwartsTestUserService.getByName(hogwartsTestUser);
    }

import com.hogwartsmini.demo.entity.HogwartsTestUser;

import java.util.List;

public interface HogwartsTestUserService {

    /**
     *  保存
     * @param hogwartsTestUser
     * @return
     */
    HogwartsTestUser save(HogwartsTestUser hogwartsTestUser);

    /**
     *  更新
     * @param hogwartsTestUser
     * @return
     */
    HogwartsTestUser update(HogwartsTestUser hogwartsTestUser);

    /**
     *  根据用户名查询
     * @param hogwartsTestUser
     * @return
     */
    List<HogwartsTestUser> getByName(HogwartsTestUser hogwartsTestUser);

    /**
     *  根据用户id删除用户信息
     * @param userId
     * @return
     */
    Integer delete(Integer userId);
}

import com.hogwartsmini.demo.dao.HogwartsTestUserMapper;
import com.hogwartsmini.demo.entity.HogwartsTestUser;
import com.hogwartsmini.demo.service.HogwartsTestUserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * @Author tlibn
 * @Date 2020/7/17 11:03
 **/
@Service
public class HogwartsTestUserServiceImpl implements HogwartsTestUserService {

    @Autowired
    private HogwartsTestUserMapper hogwartsTestUserMapper;

    /**
     * 保存
     *
     * @param hogwartsTestUser
     * @return
     */
    @Override
    public HogwartsTestUser save(HogwartsTestUser hogwartsTestUser) {
        hogwartsTestUser.setCreateTime(new Date());
        hogwartsTestUser.setUpdateTime(new Date());
        hogwartsTestUserMapper.insertUseGeneratedKeys(hogwartsTestUser);
        return hogwartsTestUser;
    }

    /**
     * 更新
     *
     * @param hogwartsTestUser
     * @return
     */
    @Override
    public HogwartsTestUser update(HogwartsTestUser hogwartsTestUser) {
        hogwartsTestUser.setCreateTime(new Date());
        hogwartsTestUser.setUpdateTime(new Date());
        hogwartsTestUserMapper.updateByPrimaryKeySelective(hogwartsTestUser);
        return hogwartsTestUser;
    }

    /**
     * 根据用户名查询
     *
     * @param hogwartsTestUser
     * @return
     */
    @Override
    public List<HogwartsTestUser> getByName(HogwartsTestUser hogwartsTestUser) {
        List<HogwartsTestUser> hogwartsTestUserList = hogwartsTestUserMapper.select(hogwartsTestUser);
        return hogwartsTestUserList;
    }

    /**
     * 根据用户id删除用户信息
     *
     * @param userId
     * @return
     */
    @Override
    public Integer delete(Integer userId) {
        HogwartsTestUser hogwartsTestUser = new HogwartsTestUser();
        hogwartsTestUser.setId(userId);
        hogwartsTestUserMapper.delete(hogwartsTestUser);
        return userId;
    }
}

• 新增

POST http://127.0.0.1:8081/hogwartsUser/register
请求参数

{
  "userName": "霍格沃兹test123",
  "password": "test123"
}

响应参数

{
  "id": 15,
  "userName": "霍格沃兹test123",
  "password": "test123",
  "email": null,
  "autoCreateCaseJobName": null,
  "startTestJobName": null,
  "defaultJenkinsId": null,
  "createTime": "2021-04-14T09:37:58.358+00:00",
  "updateTime": "2021-04-14T09:37:58.358+00:00"
}

• 查询

GET http://127.0.0.1:8081/hogwartsUser/byName?userName=霍格沃兹test123
请求参数

见请求地址中 userName =霍格沃兹test123

响应参数

[
  {
    "id": 15,
    "userName": "霍格沃兹test123",
    "password": "test123",
    "email": null,
    "autoCreateCaseJobName": null,
    "startTestJobName": null,
    "defaultJenkinsId": null,
    "createTime": "2021-04-14T09:37:58.000+00:00",
    "updateTime": "2021-04-14T09:37:58.000+00:00"
  }
]

• 修改

PUT http://127.0.0.1:8081/hogwartsUser
请求参数

{
  "id": 15,
  "userName": "霍格沃兹test12345",
  "password": "test123"
}

响应参数

{
  "id": 15,
  "userName": "霍格沃兹test12345",
  "password": "test123",
  "email": null,
  "autoCreateCaseJobName": null,
  "startTestJobName": null,
  "defaultJenkinsId": null,
  "createTime": "2021-04-14T09:43:45.018+00:00",
  "updateTime": "2021-04-14T09:43:45.018+00:00"
}

• 删除

DELETE http://127.0.0.1:8081/hogwartsUser/15
请求参数

见请求地址中15

响应参数

15

数据持久化技术就先讲到这里啦~大家要多练习哦，才能学的更扎实。
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