文章目录
java中wait和sleep的区别
在本篇文章中,我们将会讨论一下java中wait()和sleep()方法的区别。并讨论一下怎么使用这两个方法。
Wait和sleep的区别
wait() 是Object中定义的native方法:
public final native void wait(long timeout) throws InterruptedException;
所以每一个类的实例都可以调用这个方法。wait()只能在synchronized block中调用。它会释放synchronized时加在object上的锁。
sleep()是定义Thread中的native静态类方法:
public static native void sleep(long millis) throws InterruptedException;
所以Thread.sleep()可以在任何情况下调用。Thread.sleep()将会暂停当前线程,并且不会释放任何锁资源。
我们先看一下一个简单的wait使用:
@Slf4j public class WaitUsage { private static Object LOCK = new Object(); public static void WaitExample() throws InterruptedException { synchronized (LOCK) { LOCK.wait(1000); log.info("Object '" + LOCK + "' is woken after" + " waiting for 1 second"); } } }
再看一下sleep的使用:
@Slf4j public class SleepUsage { public static void sleepExample() throws InterruptedException { Thread.sleep(1000); log.info( "Thread '" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "' is woken after sleeping for 1 second"); } }
唤醒wait和sleep
sleep()方法自带sleep时间,时间过后,Thread会自动被唤醒。
或者可以通过调用interrupt()方法来中断。
相比而言wait的唤醒会比较复杂,我们需要调用notify() 和 notifyAll()方法来唤醒等待在特定wait object上的线程。
notify()会根据线程调度的机制选择一个线程来唤醒,而notifyAll()会唤醒所有等待的线程,由这些线程重新争夺资源锁。
wait,notity通常用在生产者和消费者情形,我们看下怎么使用:
@Slf4j public class WaitNotifyUsage { private int count =0; public void produceMessage() throws InterruptedException { while(true) { synchronized (this) { while (count == 5) { log.info("count == 5 , wait ...."); wait(); } count++; log.info("produce count {}", count); notify(); } } } public void consumeMessage() throws InterruptedException { while (true) { synchronized (this) { while (count == 0) { log.info("count == 0, wait ..."); wait(); } log.info("consume count {}", count); count--; notify(); } } } }
看下怎么调用:
@Test public void testWaitNotifyUsage() throws InterruptedException{ WaitNotifyUsage waitNotifyUsage=new WaitNotifyUsage(); ExecutorService executorService=Executors.newFixedThreadPool(4); executorService.submit(()-> { try { waitNotifyUsage.produceMessage(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }); executorService.submit(()-> { try { waitNotifyUsage.consumeMessage(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }); Thread.sleep(50000); }
本文的例子可以参考https://github.com/ddean2009/learn-java-concurrency/tree/master/wait-sleep