基于SSM实现记账系统demo（一）-阿里云开发者社区

1 前言

本demo是基于SSM框架完成的一个小项目，用于初学者进行基本的框架熟练度练习。源码获取方式在文末，以下是程序运行的几个页面：

2 环境搭建

2.1 基本架构

1. 添加依赖包，可以通过properties统一框架版本

<properties>
    <springversion>5.0.8.RELEASE</springversion>
</properties>
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<dependencies>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>junit</groupId>
    <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
    <version>4.11</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
  </dependency>
  <!-- 加入ServletAPI -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
    <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
    <version>3.1.0</version>
    <scope>provided</scope>
  </dependency>
  <!-- MySQL依赖 start -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>mysql</groupId>
    <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
    <version>5.1.38</version>
  </dependency>
  <!-- 加入MyBatis 依赖 start -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
    <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
    <version>3.2.8</version>
  </dependency>
  <!-- 引入Spring(包含SpringMVC) 依赖 start -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
    <version>${springversion}</version>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
    <version>${springversion}</version>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId>
    <version>${springversion}</version>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
    <version>${springversion}</version>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
    <version>${springversion}</version>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
    <version>${springversion}</version>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
    <version>${springversion}</version>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
    <version>${springversion}</version>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
    <version>${springversion}</version>
  </dependency>
  <!-- 引用插件依赖：MyBatis整合Spring,如果mybatis版本在3.4及以上版本
  mybatis-spring的版本要在1.3以上 -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
    <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
    <version>1.2.2</version>
  </dependency>
  <!-- JSTL -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>jstl</groupId>
    <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
    <version>1.2</version>
  </dependency>
  <!-- 德鲁伊数据连接池 -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
    <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
    <version>1.0.9</version>
  </dependency>
  <!-- pagehelper -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>com.github.pagehelper</groupId>
    <artifactId>pagehelper</artifactId>
    <version>4.1.6</version>
  </dependency>
  <!--处理json-->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
    <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
    <version>2.9.5</version>
  </dependency>
  <!--javaee-->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>javax</groupId>
    <artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId>
    <version>7.0</version>
    <scope>provided</scope>
  </dependency>
  <!--文件上传下载-->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
    <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
    <version>1.3.1</version>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
    <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
    <version>2.4</version>
  </dependency>
</dependencies>

如果遇到声明式事务报错，需要添加下面的依赖包

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
    <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
    <version>1.9.1</version>
</dependency>

2. 添加spring配置文件

实现8个关键步骤

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                          http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
                          http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
                          http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
                          http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
                          http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
                          http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
                          http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
    <!--1 配置数据源-->
    <bean id="db" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
        <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/kaikeba0917"/>
        <property name="username" value="root"/>
        <property name="password" value="root"/>
    </bean>
    <!--2 创建sqlSessionFactory-->
    <bean id="fac" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="db"/>
        <!--指定mybatis的配置文件路径-->
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis.xml"/>
        <!--指定mybatis的mapper文件路径-->
        <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mapper/*.xml"/>
    </bean>
    <!--3 创建sqlSessionTemplate（这个类没有无参构造）-->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate">
        <constructor-arg name="sqlSessionFactory" ref="fac"/>
    </bean>
    <!--4 配置事务-->
    <bean id="mytx" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="db"/>
    </bean>
    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="mytx"/>
    <!--5 启用springMVC注解-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>
    <!--6 配置视图解析器-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>
    <!--7 扫描注解包-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.wangjiawei"/>
    <!--8 配置静态资源访问-->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
</beans>

3. 配置web.xml文件，同时加载spring配置文件

<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" version="2.5">
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
  <!--1 配置前端控制器-->
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>aa</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>
      org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
    </servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:spring.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>aa</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <!--2 处理post乱码-->
  <filter>
    <filter-name>bb</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>encoding</param-name>
      <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>bb</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>
</web-app>

4. 创建数据表，添加项目包结构，包括实体类等

给dao，service，web（controller）包下使用注解创建对象，给service，web中的属性注入对象

dao：

public interface BooksDao {
    public List<Books> getAll();
}

@Repository
public class BookDaoImpl implements BooksDao {
    /** 该对象来源于配置文件
     *
     */
    @Resource
    private SqlSessionTemplate sqlSessionTemplate;
    @Override
    public List<Books> getAll() {
        return sqlSessionTemplate.selectList("com.wangjiawei.dao.BooksDao.getAll");
    }
}

service：

public interface BooksService {
    public List<Books> getAll();
}

@Service
public class BooksServiceImpl implements BooksService {
    @Resource
    private BooksDao dao;
    @Override
    public List<Books> getAll() {
        return dao.getAll();
    }
}

web（controller）：

@Controller
public class BooksController {
    @Resource
    private BooksService booksService;
    @RequestMapping("/getallbooks")
    public String getAll(ModelMap map){
        List<Books> books = booksService.getAll();
        map.addAttribute("booklist", books);
        return "show";
    }
}

5. 配置文件代码mybatis.xml 及相应的 BooksMapper.xml

mybatis.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <!--给类起别名-->
    <typeAliases>
<!--        <typeAlias type="com.wangjiawei.bean.Student" alias="stu"></typeAlias>-->
        <package name="com.wangjiawei.bean"/>
    </typeAliases>
    <!--分页插件-->
    <plugins>
        <!-- PageHelper4.1.6 -->
        <plugin interceptor="com.github.pagehelper.PageHelper">
            <property name="dialect" value="mysql"/>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</configuration>

BooksMapper.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.wangjiawei.dao.BooksDao">
    <select id="getAll" resultType="books">
        select * from books
    </select>
</mapper>

6. 配置controller文件

使用的注解：

@Controller

@RequestMapping

@AutoWired

@Qualifier(“empBiz”)

（同上面的步骤4）

7. 添加service，dao层

使用的注解：

@Service

@AutoWired

(1) dao层省略了实现类

(2) dao 层只定义接口，由小树叶创建dao层对象以及扫描mapper文件

注:当添加了spring-jdbc的jar包后，会自动提交事务

8. 前端测试网页

index.jsp：

<html>
<body>
<h2>Hello World!</h2>
<a href="/getallbooks">getallbooks</a>
</body>
</html>

show.jsp：

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>show.jsp</h1>
    <c:forEach items="${booklist}" var="book">
        ${book.bookId}——${book.bookName}
    </c:forEach>
</body>
</html>

关于其中的配置文件：

当项目启动时加载web.xml文件，web.xml文件加载spring.xml文件，spring的配置文件又去加载了mybatis的配置文件与mapper文件。

2.2 省略dao实现类

先将上面的dao实现类删掉

使用MapperScannerConfigurer替代SqlSessionTemplate

<!--省略实现类-->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
    <property name="basePackage" value="com.dao"></property>
    <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="fac"></property>
</bean>

注意：此时也可以测试使用属性文件的方式来加载数据源(支持属性文件链接数据源)

2.3 ssm整合mybatis反向生成工具

依赖包：

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.mybatis.generator</groupId>
    <artifactId>mybatis-generator-core</artifactId>
    <version>1.3.5</version>
</dependency>

加载插件：

<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.generator</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-generator-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.5</version>
            <configuration>
                <!--配置文件的路径-->
                <configurationFile>src/main/resources/generatorConfig.xml</configurationFile>
                <overwrite>true</overwrite>
            </configuration>
            <dependencies>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>org.mybatis.generator</groupId>
                    <artifactId>mybatis-generator-core</artifactId>
                    <version>1.3.5</version>
                </dependency>
            </dependencies>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

根据插件中的内容，在resource文件夹下创建generatorConfig.xml文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE generatorConfiguration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD MyBatis Generator Configuration 1.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-generator-config_1_0.dtd">
<!-- 配置生成器 -->
<generatorConfiguration>
    <!--数据库驱动jar -->
    <classPathEntry
            location="F:\develop\maven_repository\mysql\mysql-connector-java\5.1.6\mysql-connector-java-5.1.6.jar" />
    <context id="MyBatis" targetRuntime="MyBatis3">
        <!--去除注释 -->
        <commentGenerator>
            <property name="suppressAllComments" value="true" />
        </commentGenerator>
        <!--数据库连接 -->
        <jdbcConnection driverClass="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"
                        connectionURL="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/kaikeba0917"
                        userId="root"
                        password="root">
        </jdbcConnection>
        <!--生成实体类 指定包名 以及生成的地址 （可以自定义地址，但是路径不存在不会自动创建
        使用Maven生成在target目录下，会自动创建） -->
        <javaModelGenerator targetPackage="com.wangjiawei.bean"
                            targetProject="D:\程序员\开课吧新职课\11SSM\5SSM整合\ssm\src\main\java">
            <property name="trimStrings" value="true" />
        </javaModelGenerator>
        <!--生成SQLmapper文件 -->
        <sqlMapGenerator targetPackage="mapper"
                         targetProject="D:\程序员\开课吧新职课\11SSM\5SSM整合\ssm\src\main\resources">
        </sqlMapGenerator>
        <!--生成Dao文件,生成接口 -->
        <javaClientGenerator type="XMLMAPPER"
                             targetPackage="com.wangjiawei.dao"
                             targetProject="D:\程序员\开课吧新职课\11SSM\5SSM整合\ssm\src\main\java">
        </javaClientGenerator>
        <table tableName="student" enableCountByExample="false"
               enableUpdateByExample="false" enableDeleteByExample="false"
               enableSelectByExample="false" selectByExampleQueryId="false">
        </table>
    </context>
</generatorConfiguration>